,                '        -^     ^                                              ;*■■■' 

LIBRARY 

OF   THE 

University  of  California. 

GIFT    OF 

Class                          J 

^ 


58TH  Congress,  t   HOUSE  OF  REPRESENTATIVES.  (  Document 

3d  Session.       \  {     No.  418. 


Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  No.  120 


Series  0,  Underground  Waters,  34 


DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  INTERIOR 

UNITED  STATES  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY 

CHARLES  D.  WALCOTT,  Directok 


BIBLIOGRAPHIC  REVIEW  AND  INDEX 


l?hC1    111,1 


''-mm  "^ 


PUBLISHED  BY  THE 


UNITED  STATES  (iEOLOGICAL  SUIIYEY 
1879-1904 

BY 

MYRON   L.   FULLER 


WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT     PRINTING     OFFIC 

190  5 


.<> 


i 


CONTENTS 


Page. 

Letter  of  transmittal 5 

Introduction 7 

Bibliographic  review 9 

Classified  key  to  principal  subject  entries  in  index 95 

Index 101 

3 


203822 


Digitized  by  tine  Internet  Arcinive 

in  2008  with  funding  from 

IVIicrosoft  Corporation 


littp://www.arcliive.org/details/bibliograpliicrevOOfullricli 


LETTER  OF  TRANSMITTAL. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

LTnited  States  Geological  Survey, 

Hydrographio  Branch, 
Washington,  I).  C,  Fehrmiry '21,  1905. 
Sir:  I  transmit  herewith  a  manuscript  entitled  "Bibliographic 
Review  and  Index  of  Papers  Relatinj^  to  Underground  Waters  pub- 
lished by  the  United  States  Geological  Survey,  1879-1904,"  prepared 
by  Myron  L.  Fuller,  geologist  in  charge  of  the  eastern  section, 
division  of  hydrology,  to  meet  the  urgent  need  for  definite  information 
as  to  what  has  been  accomplished  by  the  Surve}'  in  the  line  of  under- 
ground-water investigations  and  what  has  appeared  in  Survey 
publications  bearing  on  the  subject. 

Very  respectfully,  F.  H,  Newell, 

Chief  Engineei'. 
Hon.  Charles  D.  Walcott, 

Director  United  States  Geological  Survey. 

5 


BIBLIOGRAPHIC  REVIEW  AND  INDEX  OF  PAPERS  RELATING  TO 
UNDERGROUND  WATERS  PUBLISHED  BY  THE  UNITED  STATES 
GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY,  1879-1901 


By  Myron  L.  Fuller. 


INTRODUCTION. 

On  the  organization  of  the  division  of  hydrology  in  1903,  and  the 
beginning  of  systematic  work  on  underground  waters,  an  urgent  need 
was  felt  for  more  definite  information  as  to  what  had  been  published 
on  the  subject  by  both  the  National  and  the  State  surveys  and  in  other 
publications.  Plans  were  accordingly  made  for  preparing  a  bibliog- 
raphy of  underground  waters,  but  it  was  soon  found  that  owing  to 
inadequate  indexes  it  would  be  necessary  to  scan  nearly  every  page 
of  geologic  publications.  As  this  was  not  feasible,  it  became  neces- 
sary to  limit  the  work,  for  the  time  at  least,  to  the  preparation  of  a 
review  and  index  of  the  publications  of  the  United  States  Geological 
Survey. 

These  publications,  amounting  to  about  400  volumes  and  embracing 
about  1,500  papers,  were  examined,  many  of  them  page  by  page,  and 
lirief  summaries  of  the  facts  relating  to  underground  waters  were 
compiled.  A  large  proportion  of  the  references  to  underground 
waters  are  given  in  connection  with  geologic  descriptions,  and  most 
of  them  are  very  brief,  although  some  are  of  importance.  Being- 
incidental  to  discussions  of  other  subjects,  man^^  would  doubtless  be 
ordinarily  overlooked,  especially  as  in  a  large  number  of  cases  no 
reference  is  made  to  them  in  the  indexes.  There  are  about  600  titles 
in  the  bibliography,  an  average  of  about  21  for  each  year  from  1880 
to  1903,  but  in  1901,  owing  to  the  publication  of  the  results  of  the 
systematic  work  of  the  new  division  of  hydrology,  this  number  was 
increased  to  about  130. 

In  preparing  the  index  two  distinct  classes  of  readers  w^ere  kept  in 
mind,  the  iirst  including  those  who  are  interested  in  the  underground- 
water  resources  of  special  regions,  and  the  second  those  interested  in 
some  particular  type  of  ground  water  or  in  one  or  more  of  the  many 
problems  of  ground- water  occurrence.     For  the  benefit  of  the  first, 

7 


»  INTRODUCTION. 

comprehensive  entries  are  given  under  States  and  other  political  or 
natural  divisions,  while  for  the  benefit  of  the  second  are  given  the 
numerous  subject  entries.  The  aim  has  been  to  assemble  the  latter 
entries  into  comprehensive  groups,  each  including  references  to  papers 
containing  material  bearing  on  the  subject  of  the  group.  The  State 
entries  will  be  found  the  most  complete,  as  they  include  many  which 
it  is  impossible  to  satisfactorily  classify. 

The  subject  entries  are  grouped  mainl}^  into  a  series  of  what  may  be 
termed  principal  subject  entries,  which  are  outlined  in  the  "  Classified 
key  to  principal  subject  entries  in  index,"  but  a  large  number  of  other 
entries,  including  those  which  it  was  impracticable  to  classif}"  and 
numerous  cross  references,  are  included  with  the  view  of  increasing 
the  usefulness  of  the  index. 

The  general  plan  followed  is  the  same  as  that  of  the  geologic  bi])li- 
ographies  of  Mr.  F.  B.  Weeks,  which  more  nearl}'  meet  the  demands 
of  the  user  than  any  other  publications  of  the  kind  seen  b}"  the  writer. 
The  principal  point  of  ditference  is  the  omission  of  the  abbreviated 
titles  in  the  index  of  the  present  bibliography,  due  to  the  fact  that  the 
titles  of  the  papers  in  most  cases  express  little  or  nothing  as  to  their 
contents  in  respect  to  underground-water  descriptions  or  discussions. 
On  the  other  hand,  the  present  bibliography  attempts  to  give,  in  con- 
nection with  the  titles,  summaries  indicating  in  considerable  detail  the 
nature  of  the  portion  of  the  contents  bearing  on  underground  waters. 


BIBLIOGRAPHIC  REVIEW. 

A. 

1  Adams  (George   I.).     Preliminary    report   on  the   lead   and   zinc 

deposits  of  the  Ozark  region:  Ph3^siography. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  22d  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  69-75,  1901. 
Mentions  the  springs  of  the  Ozark  Plateau  and  Boston  Mountains. 

2  Oil  and  gas  fields  of  the  Western  Interior  and  Northern  Texas 

Coal  Measures. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  184,  pp.  1-29,  1901. 

Contains  references  to  and  partial  sections  of  a  large  number  of  water, 
oil,  and  gas  wells. 

3  Oil  and  gas  fields  of  the  Upper  Cretaceous  and  Tertiary  for- 

mations of  the  Western  Gulf  coast. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  184,  pp.  31-62,  1901. 

Mentions  salt  springs  (p.  39),  gives  logs  of  wells  (pp.  57-59),  and  dis- 
cusses the  association  of  petroleum,  sulphur,  gypsum,  rock  salt,  and 
saline  and  sulphur  waters  (pp.  49-53). 

4:  Geology  and  water  resources  of  the  Patrick  and  Goshen  Hole 

quadrangles  in  eastern  Wyoming  and  western  Nebraska. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  70,  pp.  50, 
1902. 

Describes  the  geology,  physiography,  and  drainage,  including  streams, 
ponds,  and  sjirings.     The  springs  mainly  seep  out  and  are  of  small  vol- 
ume, but  occur  at  several  horizons  (pp.  27-28).     Deep  pump  wells  are 
obtained  from  near  contact  of  Arikaree  and  Brule  Clays  (pp.  29-30),  and 
%  some  water  is  afforded  by  the  Cretaceous,  although  it  is  likely  to  be 

alkaline  or  salty  (p.  30).     The  seepage  waters  are  also  higldy  mineral- 
ized (p.  30). 

5  Zinc  and  lead  deposits  of  northern  Arkansas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  213,  pp.  187-196,  1903. 

Discusses  the  character  of  solutions  and  the  circulation  of  ground 
•water  in  shales,  limestones,  and  dolomites  with  relation  to  ore  deposits 
(pp.  190-192). 

6  Zinc  and  lead  deposits  of  northern  Arkansas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Professional  Paper  no.  24,  pp.  1-89,  1904. 

Notes  the  action  of  underground  waters  in  ore  deposition  (p.  32),  and 
discusses  the  geological  factors  affecting  the  circulation  (pp.  34-36). 
The  part  of  waters  in  ore  deposition  is  further  discussed  on  pages  44-46, 
and  tlie  circulation  on  jiage  89.  J.  C.  Branner  is  quoted  on  the  forma- 
tion of  breccias  by  underground  waters  (p.  87). 


10  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

7  Adams  (Georj^e  I.).     The  Rabbit  Hole  sulphur  mines  ne.ar  Hum- 

boldt House,  Nevada. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp.  497-500,  1904. 

DesQribes  the  occurrence  of  hot  springs  and  silicious  sinter  in  the 
region,  and  associates  the  deposition  of  sulpur  with  such  ascending 
waters  (p.  499). 

8  Ahern  (Jeremiah).     Investigations  in  northern  Wyoming. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  2d  Ann.  Kept.  Reclamation  Service  1902-3,  pp. 
507-528,  1904. 

Notes  the  occurrence  of  springs  near  Lake  De  Smet  (p.  515). 

9  Alden  (William  C).     Chicago  folio.     Illinois-Indiana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  81,  pp.  13,  1902. 

Gives  a  number  of  deep-well  sections  (pp.  2-3)  and  discusses  the  water 
supplies  of  the  drift  and  of  the  rock  wells  in  the  Potsdam  and  St.  Peters 
sandstones  and  Trenton  limestone.  Analyses  are  given.  The  wells 
originally  gave  strong  flows,  but  because  of  the  large  number  drilled  the 
water  head  has  been  lowered  to  15  to  20  feet  below  the  surface  (p.  13). 

10  Ayers  (H.  B.).     The  Flathead  Forest  Reserve,  Montana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  20th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  5,  pp.  245-316,  1899. 
Notes  the  disappearance  of  streams  from  the  surface  bv  absorption 
(p.  261). 

B. 

11  Bain  (H.  Foster).     Preliminar}'  report  on  the  lead  and  zinc  depos- 

its of  the  Ozark  region. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  22d  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  33-227,  1901. 

Contains  a  chapter  on  the  relation  of  ores  to  the  circulation  of  under- 
ground waters,  in  which  general  principles,  circulation,  courses  of 
underground  waters,  structural  conditions,  work  of  underground 
waters,  including  solution,  precipitation,  diffusion,  etc.,  are  consid- 
ered (pp.  95-110).  The  ores  were  in  part  deposited  by  ascending 
waters,  in  part  by  descending,  and  in  part  deposited  by  ascending  and 
concentrated  by  descending  waters  (p.  203).  The  relation  of  the  ores 
to  underground  circulation  is  also  discussed  (pp.  204-207). 

12  Lead  and  zinc  deposits  of  Illinois. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp.  202-207,  1904. 
Notes  burden  impo.sed  on  mines  by  underground  water  (p.  203),  and 
discusses  the  relation  of  underground  waters  to  ore  deposition  (p.  206). 

18  Fluorspar  deposits  of  .southern  Illinois. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp.  .505-511,  1904. 

Discusses  relation  of  underground  waters  to  ore  deposition  (p.  510). 

U  Barbour  (Erwin  Hinckle}^).     Wells  and  windmills  of  Nebraska. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  29,  pp.  85, 
1899. 

Among  the  subjects  discussed  are  underground-water  conditions 
(pp.  13-16),  sheet  water  (pp.  17-18),  artesian  waters  and  well  records 
(pp.  18-24),  springs  (p.  24),  surface  and  seepage  waters  (p.  27),  fluctua- 
tions of  water  level  (p.  28),  windmills,  turbines,  and  other  methods  of 
raising  waters  (pp.  28-70),  well  supplies  for  towns  and  cities  (pp.  73-75), 
salt  wells  (p.  78),  and  blowing,  breathing,  and  sucking  wells  (pp.  78-80). 


,.,r,,r,ER.l  KELATING    TO    UNDEKGKOUND    WATEKS.  11 

15  Barker  (F.  C.)-     Irrigation  in  Mesilla  Valley,  New  Mexico. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  10,  pp.  51, 
1898. 

The  occurrence  and  source  of  the  ground  water  in  Mesilla  Valley  (pp. 
18-19)  and  the  relative  efficiency  and  cost  of  bringing  it  to  the  surface 
by  wind  and  steam  power  (pp.  35-36)  are  considered. 

16  Bascom  (Florence).     Water  resources  of  the  Philadelphia  district. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  106,  pp.  75, 
1904.     ■ 

This  paper  contains  detailed  discussions  of  geology,  rainfall,  stream 
measurements,  water  powers,  wells,  springs,  and  public  supplies,  includ- 
ing those  from  streams,  wells,  and  springs.  Among  the  geological  for- 
mations yielding  water  to  wells  are  the  Chickies  quartzite,  Chester 
Valley  limestone,  Wissahickon  gneiss,  Triassic  rocks,  and  Raritan, 
Matawan,  and  Monmouth  formations,  etc. 

17  Bayley  (William  Shirley).     The  Menominee  iron-bearing  districts 

of  Michigan. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.  46,  pp.  513,  1904. 

Notes  the  relation  of  descending  meteoric  water  to  ores  (pp.  27-29), 
and  quotes  C.  Eoniinger  on  action  of  percolating  waters  and  D.  H.  Browne 
on  aqueous  origin  of  ores  ( pp.  90-91 ) .  The  action  of  percolating  waters, 
either  ascending  or  descending,  is  considered  in  connection  with  ores 
in  the  Randville  dolomite  (p.  224),  the  origin  of  cherts  (p.  231),  and  in 
the  deposition  or  enriciiment  of  Algonkian  ores  (pp.  .395-401). 

18  Maine.    [Well  and  spring  records.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
27-55,  1904. 

Discusses  the  general  underground-water  conditions  (pp.  27-28),  and 
gives  tables  and  notes  of  wells  (pp.  29-47)  and  springs  (pp.  47-55).  The 
well  statistics  include  data  on  elevation,  temperature,  analyses,  and  uses, 
and  the  spring  statistics  data  on  temperature,  quality,  analyses,  yield, 
and  uses. 

19  Becker  (George  F.).     Administrative  report  [1879-80]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  1st  Ann.  Kept.,  pp.  37-47,  1880. 
Discusses  the  occurrence,  temperatures,  and  composition  of  the  Corn- 
stock  mine  waters  [Nevada]. 

20  Geology  of  the  Comstock  lode  and  the  Washoe  district,  with 

atlas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.  3,  pp.  422,  atlas,  1882. 

Analyses  of  mine  waters  are  given  (p.  152)  and  the  hot  waters 
encountered,  some  of  which  have  a  temperature  of  170°,  are  described 
(pp  228-243).  Kaolinization  of  feldspar,  alteration  of  pyrite,  faulting, 
and  solfataric  action  are  considered  as  sources  of  heat,  most  weight  being 
given  to  the  last  (pp.  231-243).  The  water  is  supposed  to  have  come 
from  a  considerable  distance,  and  to  have  penetrated  several  miles  below 
the  surface  (pp.  264  and  387-397). 


12  BIBLIOGRAPHIC   EEVIEW    OF   PAPERS  [no.  120. 

21  Becker  (George  F.).     Geology  of  the  quicksilver  deposits  of  the 

Pacific  coast,  with  an  atlas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.  13,  pp.  486,  atlas,  1888. 

Among  the  subjects  discussed  are  the  following:  Geysers  of  Iceland 
(pp.  24-26),  heat  of  thermal  springs  (p.  441),  hot  springs  in  minea 
(pp.  381-382,402),  association  of  cinnabar  with  hot  springs  (p.  371), 
sulphur  springs  (pp.  367,  777),  hot  springs  and  their  deposits  ( pp.  50,  52) , 
and  origin  of  ore,  solvents,  etc.  (pp.  438—175).  The  sinter,  ore,  and 
waters  of  Steamboat  Springs  (pp.  331-353)  and  of  Sulphur  Bank  (pp.  251- 
268)  are  described  and  analyses  given.  The  ores  are  supposed  to  have 
been  deposited  by  hot  ascending  solutions  (p.  416). 

22  Summary  of  the  geology  of  the  quicksilver  deposits  of  the 

Pacific  slope. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  8th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  961-985,  1889. 

Ascribes  the  heat  of  the  solfataric  springs  at  Sulphur  Bank,  California, 
as  resulting  from  basalt  eruption.  The  water  carries  sulphydric  acid, 
which  attacks  basalt  and  deposits  sulphur  and  cinnabar.  Discusses  com- 
position of  the  waters  and  refers  deposition  to  loss  of  heat  and  pressure. 
Some  of  the  veins  mark  former  solfataras  (pp.  975-976).  The  springs 
of  the  Knoxville  district,  Steamboat  Springs,  and  Bailey  Point,  Califor- 
nia, carry  alkaline  sulphosalts  and  deposit  quicksilver  and  gold.  They 
are  associated  with  l)asaltic  masses  of  late  geological  age.  The  hot 
springs  at  Oat  Hill  are  also  mentioned  (i^p.  976-980). 

23  —  Administrative  report  [1887-SS]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  9th  Ann.  Kept.,  pp.  100-102,  1889. 

Notes  the  conditions  of  deposition  of  cinnabar  in  hot  springs. 

24  Report  of  the  geologj^  of  the  Philippine  Islands. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  3,  pp.  487-614,  1900. 

In  connection  with  the  discus.sion  of  volcanoes  the  warm  springs  of 
Panay,  the  solfataras  and  hot  springs  of  Albay  and  their  deposits,  and 
the  Hot  Springs  of  Los  Bafios  are  described  (pp.  531-534). 

25  Beede  (J.  W.).Prosser  (Charles  8.)  and.    Cottonwood  Falls  folio, 

Kansas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  109,  pp.  6,  1904. 
See  Prosser  (Charles  S. )  and  Beede  (J.  W.) 

20  Boutwell  (J.  I\I.).      Progress  report  on  the  Park  City  mining  dis- 
trict. Utah. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  213,  pp.  31-40,  1903. 

Descril)es  the  underground  waters  encountered  in  the  mines  and  the 
collection  of  the  domestic;  supply  from  a  tunnel  (p.  33). 

27  Ore  deposits  of  Bingham,  lUah. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  213,  pp.  105-122,  1903. 

Notes  the  occurrence  of  springs  in  Bingham  Canyon  and  the  tapping 
of  subterranean  water  courses  by  the  underground  workings.  The 
water  supply  is  thus  obtained  (p.  107). 


FDLi.EK.J  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  13 

28  Bout-well  (J.  M.).     Progress  report  on  the  Park  City  mining-  dis- 

trict, Utah. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp.  141-150,  1904. 
Notes  difficulties  with  water  in  mines  and  their  removal  by  tunnels 
(p.  149). 

29  New  Hampshire.     [Well  and  spring  records.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
56-72,  1904. 

Considers  briefly  the  general  underground- water  conditions  (p.  56), 
and  gives  tables  and  notes  relating  to  wells  (pp.  57-63)  and  springs 
(pp.  64-72).  The  well  statistics  include  data  on  yield,  quality,  compo- 
sition (with  analyses),  materials  penetrated,  uses,  etc.,  and  the  spring 
statistics  data  on  source,  yield,  composition  (including  analyses),  tem- 
perature, and  uses. 

30  Boyd  (David).     Irrigation  near  GreeU\y,  Colorado. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  9,  pp.  90, 
1897. 

Discusses  nature  (p.  79),  composition  (p.  79),  and  damages  by  seep- 
age waters  at  Greeley,  and  considers  remedies  (p.  80).  The  wells  in  the 
region  above  Greeley  are  described  and  legal  decisions  relating  to 
underground  waters  given.  Artesian  flows  (weak)  are  obtained  at 
1,150  feet  at  Greeley,  but  underground  waters  generally  fail  to  reach  the 
surface. 

31  Burchard  (Ernest  F.).     Lignites  of  the  middle  and  upper  Missouri 

Valley. 

U.  8.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp.  276-288,  1904. 

Gives  data  relating  to  borings  and  well  records  in  Iowa  and  Nebraska 
(pp.  277-278,  281). 

32  [Burnett  (Charles  A.)  and  others,]     Irrigation  literature. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  11th  Ann.  Rept,  pt.  2,  pp.  345-388.  1891. 
Many  of  the  irrigation  papers  listed  contain  references  to  underground 
waters  and  springs. 

33  Burro-ws   (John   Shober).     The  Barnesboro-Patton  coal   field  of 

central  Pennsylvania. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp.  295-310,  1904. 
Notes  occurrence  of  mine  waters  (pp.  304,  306). 

c. 

34  Campbell  (Marius  R.).     Richmond  folio,  Kentucky. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  foho  no.  46,  pp.  4,  1898. 

Mentions  the  sulphur,  chalyl)eate,  and  alum  springs  of  the  Cliatta- 
nooga  shale  (}>.  2),  and  notes  the  occ-urrence  of  caves,  sinks,  and  under- 
ground channels  of  the  Newman  limestone  (p.  3). 

35  London  folio,  Kentucky. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geof.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  47,  pp.  3,  1898. 

The  occurreuce  of  chalybeate,  sulphur,  and  alum  springs  in  the  Chat- 
tanooga shale,  and  of  sinks,  caves,  and  underground  channels  in  the 
Newman  limestone  is  mentioned. 


14  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS 


[NO.  120. 


36  Campbell  (Marius  R.).     Standingstone  folio,  Tennessee. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  53,  pp.  5,  1899. 
The  oil  springs  which  led  to  the  drilling  for  oil  in  the  region  are 
described. 

37  Danville  folio,  Illinois-Indiana.     General  geology. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  67,  pp.  1-7  (in  part), 
1900. 

Gives  a  number  of  deep-well  records  in  connection  with  the  discussion 
of  stratigraphy  (p.  2). 

38  Huntington  folio,  West  Virginia-Ohio. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  69,  pp.  6,  1900. 
Gives  a  number  of  deep- well  records  (pp.  3-4). 

39  Charleston  folio.  West  Virginia. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv..,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  8.,  foUo  no.  72,  pp.  9,  1901. 
Gives  several  deep- well  records  (pp.  3-4). 

40  Raleigh  folio,  West  Virginia. 

U.  8.  Geol.  8urv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  8.,  folio  no.  77,  pp.  8,  1902. 
Gives  a  number  of  well  and  boring  records  and  sections  (p.  7) . 

•41  Masontown-Uniontown  folio,  Pennsylvania. 

U.  8.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  8.,  folio  no.  82,  pp.  2,  1902. 
Gives  deep-well  record  in  connection  with  stratigraphic  discussion  of 
the  rocks  (p.  8) . 

42  —  [and  Fuller  (Myron  L.)J.     Natural  gas:  Petroleum.     Mason- 
town-Uniontown folio,  Pennsylvania, 
U.  8.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  8.,  folio  no.  82,  pp.  18-20,  1902. 
Gives  a  number  of  deep-well  records  and  a  table  showing  depths  of 
coal,  oil  sands,  etc. ,  in  24  wells. 

43.  Campbell  (Mariiis  R.).     Brownsville-Connellsville  folio. 

U.  8.  Geol.  Surv..  Geol.  Atlas  of  IT.  8.,  folio  no.  94,  pp.  19,  1908. 
Gives  partial  records  of  several  wells  (pp.  7-8). 

44  Latrobe  folio,  Penns3dvania. 

U.  8.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  8.,  folio  no.  110,  pp.  15,  1904. 
Gives  a  large  number  of  sections  based  on  well  records  (jip.  5-10)  and 
a  sheet  of  well  sections. 

45  Chamberlin  (Thomas  C).     'J'lic  rctiuisito  and  (|ualifving  conditions 

of  artesian  wells. 

U.  8.  Geol.  Surv.,  5th  Ann.  Kept.,  pp.  125-17.'!,  lss5. 

Eujbodies  descri^jtions  and  critical  discussions  of  the  lithologic  and 
structural  requisites  for  artesian  flows,  and  considers  in  some  detail  the 
problems  of  capacity,  height  of  flow,  utilization,  causes  of  decrease  or 
failure  of  flow,  arrangement,  and  testing  of  wells.  The  report  is  illus- 
trated by  numerous  figures. 


FULLER.]  EELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  15 

46  Chamberlin  (T.  C.)  and  Salisbury  (R.  D.).       Preliminary  paper 

on  the  Driftless  Area  of  the  upper  Mississippi  Valley. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  6th  Ann.  Kept.,  pp.  199-322,  1885. 

Mentions  artesian  wells  at  La  Crosse,  Prairie  du  Chien,  Dubuque,  etc., 
and  gives  thickness  of  drift  penetrated  (pp.  223,  303). 

47  Champlin  (F.  A.).     Additional  well  records  in  Massachusetts. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
112-117,  1904. 

Gives  tables  showing  among  other  data  the  depth,  supply,  and  cost 
of  a  considerable  number  of  wells  located  at  East  Longmeadow  and 
other  Massachusetts  localities. 

48  Additional  well  records  in  Connecticut. 

U.  8.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
165-168,  1904. 

Gives  tables  showing  among  other  data  the  depth,  yield,  and  cost  of 
wells  at  various  Connecticut  localities. 

49  Chandler  (Albert  E.).     Water  storage,  Cache  Creek,  California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  45,  pp. 
48,  1901. 

Gives  well  statistics,  including  depth,  cost,  efficiency  of  pumping,  and 
use  for  irrigation  (pp.  24-26),  and  describes  the  artesian  well  near 
Woodland  and  the  artesian  water  of  Scotts  Valley  and  Upper  Lake 
(pp.  26,  32). 

50  Chatard  (Thomas  M.),  Clarke  (F.  W.)  and.     A  report  of  work 

done  in  the  Washington  laboratory  during  the  fiscal  year 

1883-84. 
See  Clarke  (F.  W.)  and  Chatard  (T.  M.) 

51  Chatard  (Thomas  M.).     Salt-making  processes  in  the  United  States, 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  7th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp  491-535,  1888. 

Discusses  the  chemistry  of  brines  from  wells  and  other  sources  ( pp. 
498-499),  and  the  product  and  cost  of  obtaining  salt  from  brines  of  differ- 
ent density  ( pp.  527-529) . 

52  Clapp  (Frederick  G.),  Fuller  (Myron  L.)  and.     Patoka  folio,  Indi- 

ana-Illinois. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  105,  pp.  12,  1904. 
See  Fuller  (Myron  L. )  and  Clapp  (Frederick  G.). 

5?>  Clarke  (Frank  Wigglesworth)  and  Chatard  (Thomas  M.).  A 
report  of  work  done  in  the  Washington  laboratory  during 
the  fiscal  year  1883-84. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull  no.  9,  pp.  40,  1884. 

Includes  a  considerable  number  of  water  analyses  from  springs  and 
lakes  in  California,  Montana,  Nevada,  Oregon,  Utah,  and  Virginia. 


IC)  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

54  Clarke  (F.  W.).     Administrative  report  [1883-84]. 

V.  S.  Geo].  Surv.,  5th  Ann.  Kept.,  pp.  59-62,  1885. 

Gives  partial  list  of  thermal  spring  or  geyser  waters  analyzed  at  the 
Survey  during  the  year,  including  waters  from  Yellowstone  National 
Park,  Montana  and  Virginia. 

55  Report  of  work  done  in  the  division  of  chemistry  and  physics, 

mainly  during  the  fiscal  \"ear  1884-85. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  27,  pp.  80,  1886. 

Contains  the  following  analyses  (pp.  71-):  (1)  Incrustation  of  silica 
and  alumina  from  gas  well  in  Armstrong  County,  Pennsylvania  (Whit- 
field); (2)  water  from  Matthews  Warm  Springs,  near  Bozeman,  Mon- 
tana (Riggs);  (3)  water  from  White  Sulphur  Springs,  Meagher  County, 
Montana  (Riggs);- and  (4)  water  from  mineral  spring  near  Santa  Fe, 
New  Mexico  (Clarke). 

56  Report  of  work  done  in  the  division  of  chemistry  and  physics, 

mainly  during  the  liscal  vear  1885-86. 

U.  S.'^Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  42,  pp.  152,  1887. 

Contains  analyses  by  R.  B.  Riggs  of  waters  from  two  springs  near 
Farmwell  Station,  Loudoun  County,  Virginia;  from  two  artesian  wells 
at  Story  City,  Iowa;  and  from  Becks  Hot  Springs,  near  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah. 

57  Administrative  report  [1885-86J. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  7th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  127-130,  1888. 

Describes  the  work  of  F.  A.  Gooch  and  J.  E.  Whitfield  on  spring  and 
geyser  waters  of  the  Yellowstone  National  Park,  and  announces  the 
discovery  of  arsenic  in  the  waters.  The  difficulties  of  analysis  are 
mentioned. 

58  Administrative  report  [1886-87J. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  8th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  189-193,  1889. 

Mentions  the  analysis  of  18  spring  and  well  waters,  and  notes  the 
therapeutic  value  of  the  waters  of  the  Yellowstone  National  Park  on 
account  of  the  boric  acid  and  arsenic  which  they  contain.  Designates 
the  studies  of  Gooch  and  Whitfield  as  among  the  most  complete  on 
record. 

59  Report  of  work  done  in  the  division  of  chemistry  and  physics, 

mainh^  during  the  liscal  year  1886-87. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  55,  pp.  96,  1889. 

Contains  analyses  of  artesian  waters  in  Georgia  and  Alabama  by  Riggs; 
of  water  from  Hot  and  Potash  Sulplmr  Springs,  Arkansas,  by  Clarke, 
and  of  a  spring  water  from  near  Fort  Wingate,  New  Mexico,  by  Clarke. 

60  Report  of  work  done  in  the  division  of  chemistry  and  physics, 

maini}'  during  the  fis(;al  year  1887-88. 

U.  S.  (4eol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  60,  pj).  174,  1890. 

Analyses  of  tiie  following  waters  are  given  (pp.  171-174):  (1)  Spring 
water,  Lincoln  County,  North  Carolina  (Clarke) ;  spring  water,  McLeans- 
borough,  Illinois  (Riggs);  (3)  deep  well  water,  Lebanon,  Missouri, 
(Eakins);  (4)  and  (5)  spring  waters,  Hominy  Hill,  Arkansas,  (Whit- 
field); (6)  8i)ring  water,  Denver,  Colorado  (Kakins),  and  (7)  water  from 
Matilija  Hot  Springs,  near  San  Buenaventura,  California  (Riggs). 


FULLER.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  17 

61  Clarke  (F.  W.).     A  report  of  work  done  in  the  div^ision  of  chem- 
istry and  physics,  mainly  during-  the  fiscal  year  1888-89. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  64,  pp.  60,  1890. 

Contains  analyses  by  T.  M.  Chatard  of  spring  water  from  Mountain 
City,  Tennessee;  spring  water  from  Grace  Spring,  Laurel  Bloomery, 
Tennessee;  water  from  the  Murry  Well,  Frankfort,  Kentucky;  from 
two  artesian  wells  at  St.  Augustine,  Florida,  and  from  wells  near 
Clinton,  Massachusetts  (pi*.  57-60).  ' 

63  Report  of  work  done  in  the  division  of  chemistr}^  and  physics, 

mainly  during  the  fiscal  3^ear  1889-90. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  78,  pp.  131,  1891. 

Contains  an  analyses  of  a  spring  water  from  Webster  Grove,  near  St. 
Louis,  Missruri  (Hillebrand  and  Howard) . 

63  — —  Administrative  report. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  13th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  159-162,  1892. 

Describes  analysis  sh»)wing  sulphate  of  zinc  in  springs  in  Missouri, 
and  mentions  temperature  work  in  deep  wells  at  Wheeling  and  Crumps 
Bottom,  West  Virginia. 

64  Report  of  work  in  the  division  of  chemistry  during  the  fiscal 

years  1891-92  and  1892-93. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  113,  pp.  115,  1893. 

Gives  analyses  of  waters  from  Caledonia  and  American  Carlsbad  springs 
of  Caledonia  and  Nashville,  New  York,  and  of  a  thermal  spring  near 
Ojo  Caliente,  New  Mexico  (pp.  113-114). 

65 Analyses  of  rocks  from  the  laboratory  of  the  United  States 

Geological  Survey,  1880-1903. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  228,  pp.  375,  1904. 

Among  analyses  are  included  travertines,  tufas,  and  calcareous  and 
silicious  sinters  from  Yellowstone  National  Park,  by  J.  E.  Whitfield  and 
F.  A.  Gooch  (pp.  298-299,  322-323).  Several  of  the  analyses  are  pub- 
lished for  the  first  time. 

66  Clements  (J.  Morgan)  and   Smith  (H.  L.).     Crystal  Falls  iron- 

bearing  district  of  Michigan. 

'     U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  19th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  3,  pp.  19-145,  1898. 

Notes  the  work  of  infiltrating  waters  in  the  deposition  of  ores  of  the 
Mansfield  formation  (p.  43)  and  Upper  Huronian  (p.  80). 

67  Clements  (J.  Morgan).     The  Crystal  Falls  iron-bearing  district  of 

Michigan:  The  western  part  of  the  Crystal  Falls  district. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  36,  pp.  11-322,  1899. 

In  the  discussion  of  the  ores  of  the  Mansfield  slate  the  drowning  of 
the  Mansfield  mine  by  a  caving  of  the  roof,  allowing  the  river  to  enter,  is 
mentioned  (pp.  65-66).  The  ores  are  regarded  in  part  as  replacement 
deposits,  due  to  alteration  by  downward  infiltrating  waters  (p.  76,  etc.). 
The  ores  of  the  Upper  Huronian  are  regarded  as  concentrations  inasyn- 
cHnal  trough  (pp.  183-184). 

IRR  120—05 2 


18  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

68  Clements  (J.   Morgan),  Leith  (C.   K.),  Van  Hise  (C.  R.)  and. 

lion-ore  deposits  of  Lake  Superior  region. 
See  Leith  (C.  K. )  and  Clements  (J.  Morgan)  and  Van  Hise  (C  R.). 

69  The   Vermilion    iron-bearing  district  of  ^Minnesota,  with  an 

atlas. 

U.  S.  Geel.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  45,  pp.  463,  atlas,  1903. 

The  ores  of  the  Soudan  formation  are  ascribed  to  replacement  of 
cherty  carbonates  in  sedimentary  rocks,  including  jaspellites,  by  down- 
ward percolating  waters  (pp.  227-234).  Underground  circulation  and 
processes  of  replacement  are  considered  (pp.  228-230).  Explanations 
similar  to  those  of  the  Soudan  ores  are  applied  to  those  of  the  Agawa 
formation  (p.  329). 

70  Collier  (Arthur  J.).     A  reconnaissance  of  the  northwestern  por- 

tion of  Seward  Peninsula,  Alaska. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  2,  pp.  70,  1902. 

Describes  the  boiling  sulphur  springs  along  Spring  Creek  in  the  Shish- 
maref  region.  They  are  surrounded  by  a  mound  of  deposits  10  feet 
wide  and  2  feet  high  (p.  56). 

71  Cooper  (W.  F.).    Lower  Michigan.    [Weil  and  spring  records.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv., Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp.  489- 
512,  1904. 

Considers  briefly  the  general  underground  water  conditions  (p.  489), 
and  gives  tables  and  notes  on  wells  (pp.  490-506)  and  springs  (pp.  507- 
512).  The  well  data  includes  depth,  head,  source,  temperature,  yield, 
quality  (with  analyses),  uses,  and  records;  the  spring  data,  temperature, 
quality  (with  analyses),  yield,  source,  uses,  and  improvements. 

72  Co"wgill  (Elias  Branson).     Irrigation  practice  on  the  Great  Plains. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv. ,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  5,  pp.  39, 1897. 
Among  other  methods  the  jjaper  considers  pumping  for  irrigation 
purposes  (p.  14). 

73  Crosby  (William  O.)  and  La  Forge  (Laurence).     Massachusetts. 

[Well  and  spring  records.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp.  94- 
111,  1904. 

Considers  briefly  the  general  underground  water  conditions  (pp.  94- 
95)  and  gives  tables  and  notes  relating  to  wells  (pp.  96-102)  and  springs 
(pp.  102-111).  The  well  data  includes  source,  yield,  quality,  tempera- 
ture, uses,  records,  and  analyses;  the  spring  data,  temperature,  quality, 
yield,  source,  uses,  and  analyses. 

71  Crosby  (William  O.).     Rhode  Island.     [Well  and  spring  records.] 
U.  S.  Geol.   Surv.,   Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.   102,  pp. 
119-125,  1904. 

Gives  well  tables  showing  diameter,  depth,  source,  temperature,  yield, 
quality,  uses,  analyses,  etc.,  and  sjjring  tables  giving  temperature,  qual- 
ity, yield,  source,  analyses,  ancl  uses. 


Fi'LLEK.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  19 

75  Cross  (Whitman).     (Teology  of   the   Rico   Mountains,  Colorado: 

Outline  of  the  geology. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  17-36,  1900.  Landslides, 
ibid.,  pp.  129-151. 

Describes  the  occurrence  of  springs  charged  with  H.^iS,  CO.^,  and 
CaCOg,  which  are  jierliaps  remnants  of  solfataric  action  (p.  3o).  De- 
scribes the  work  of  underground  waters  in  assisting  landslides. 

76  Curtis  (Joseph  Story).     Silver-lead  deposits  of  Eureka,  Nevada. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  7,  pp.  200,  1884. 

Gives  a  chapter  on  the  water  in  mines,  discussing  its  relation  to  fis- 
sures and  types  of  rock  (pp.  107-110).  Notes  the  influence  of  water 
level  on  oxidation  (p.  51).  Mentions  ore  deposits  of  caves  in  Missouri 
and  upper  Mississippi  Valley  (pp.  65-66),  and  ascribes  the  chamber 
deposits  of  Eureka  to  ascending  underground  waters  (pp.  71-74). 


77  Dall  (^Villiam  Healey),  and  Harris  (Gilbert  Dennison).     Correla- 

tion papers.     Neocene. 

IT.  8.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  84,  pi).  349,  1892. 

A  number  of  well  sections  are  given  in  connection  with  descriptions 
of  rocks  of  New  Jersey  (pp.  41-44),  Delaware  (p.  46),  and  Florida  (pp. 
103,  108-109).  The  natural  wells  of  North  Carolina  (p.  72),  and  the 
circulation  of  water,  including  underground  streams  in  Florida,  is  con- 
sidered, and  sinks  and  other  topographic  features  resulting  from  solu- 
tion mentioned.     Some  of  the  Florida  springs  are  described  (pp.  88-95). 

78  Darton  (Nelson  Horatio).     Bibliography  of  North  American  geol- 

ogy for  1886. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  44,  pp.  35,  1887. 

Several  water  papers  are  listed  under  author's  name,  but  are  not 
indexed  by  subjects. 

79  Record  of  North  American  Geology  for  1887  to  1889,  inclusive. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  75,  pp.  173,  1891. 
Water  papers  listed  in  general  only  under  authors. 

80  Record  of  North  American  Geology  for  1890. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  91,  pp.  88,  1891. 
Water  papers  are  not  listed  except  under  authors. 

81  — —  Record  of  North  American  Geology  for  1891. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  99,  pp.  73,  1892. 

Papers  relating  to  water  are  listed  only  under  authors'  names. 

82  Fredericksburg  folio,  Virginia-Maryland. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  13,  pp.  6,  1894. 

Describes  the  underground  waters  at  the  base  of  the  Columbia  and 
Lafayette  formations  and  the  artesian  waters  of  the  sandy  horizons  of 
the  Potomac  and  Pamunkey.  The  areas  of  probable  flowing  waters  are 
defined  (p.  6). 

83  Administrative  report. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  15th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  153-155,  1895. 
Describes  work  relating  to  artesian  waters  (p.  155). 


20  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

84  Darton  (Nelson  Horatio.)     Preliniinary  report  on  artesian  waters 

of  a  portion  of  the  Dakotas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  17th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  603,  1896. 

The  paper  gives  an  outUne  of  the  geologic  conditions  (pp.  610-612) 
and  describes  the  various  water  horizons  (pp.  612-614)  and  their  extent 
(pp.  614-617),  after  which  the  descriptions  of  the  wells  and  of  the  well 
prospects  in  the  Dakotas  are  taken  up  by  counties  (pp.  617-665).  The 
pressure  and  head  (pp.  665-670),  composition  (pp.  676-679) ,  origin  (pp. 
679-680),  and  amount  (pp.  680-681)  of  the  w'aters,  together  with  their 
use  for  irrigation  (pp.  681-690)  and  power  (pp.  690-691)  are  considered. 
The  problems  of  construction  and  management  are  also  treated.  Numer- 
ous sections  and  other  illustrations  are  given. 

85  Catalogue  and   index    to    contribution.s   to    North    American 

geology,  1732-1891. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  127,  pp.  1045,  1896. 

Artesian  waters  and  springs  are  not  indexed  as  such,  Ijut  a  few  refer- 
ence occur  under  geologic  philosophy,  miscellaneous,  and  under  geologic 
philosophy,  chemic  geology. 

86  Artesian  well  prospects  in  the  Atlantic  Coastal  Plain  region. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  138,  pp.  232,  1896. 

Discusses  the  geologic  structure  and  artesian  conditions  (pp.  18-22) 
and  describes  the  water  horizons,  wells,  structure,  conditions,  prospects, 
composition  of  waters,  etc. ,  for  each  of  the  States  from  New  York  to 
Georgia.  Among  the  water-bearing  formations  considered  are  the 
Crystalline  rocks,  Potomac,  Matawan,  Middle  Marl  (Rancocas)  Miocene, 
Pamunkey,  Redbank,  Chesapeake,  Columbia,  etc. 

87  Nomini  folio,  Mar^dand-Virginia. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  23,  pp.  4,  1896. 

Describes  springs  and  shallow  and  artesian  wells.  Flowing  w'ater 
comes  from  the  Chesapeake  formation,  but  occurs  only  in  the  lowlands, 
pumj)ing  being  resorted  to  in  the  uplands.  The  shallow  waters  are 
from  the  base  of  the  Columbia  or  Lafayette.  Gives  a  map  showing  the 
areas  of  flowing  wells  and  the  depths  to  the  basal  sands  of  the  Chesa- 
peake, and  the  sands  within  and  at  the  base  of  the  Pamunkey  (p.  4). 

88  Franklin  folio,  West  Virginia-Virginia. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  32,  pp.  6,  1896. 
Notes  the  occurrence  of  sinks  in  the  Shenandoah  and  caverns  in  the 
Lewistown  limestone  (pp.  2-3). 

89  New  developments  in  well  boring  and  irrigation   in  eastern 

South  Dakota,  1896. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  561-615,  1897. 

Gives  progress  of  well  sinking  by  counties  (pp.  568-590)  and  shows 
view  of  lake  supplied  by  artesian  water  (pi.  39).  Area  of  known  arte- 
sian water  has  been  extended  up  the  Missouri  Valley  above  Pierre  and 
probably  to  Bismarck,  up  the  Big  Cheyenne  to  the  Black  Hills,  and  up 
Moreau  River  and  elsewhere.  Many  heavy  pressures  have  been 
encountered  (pp.  590-592).  Other  points  considered  or  illustrated  are 
depth  to  bed  rock,  use  of  well  water  for  irrigation,  temperature  of  well 
waters,  chemical  analyses  of  wells  and  springs,  and  volume  (pp.  592-615). 


PULLER.]  •       RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  21 

90  Darton  (Nelson  Horatio).     Preliminary  report  on  the  geology  and 

water  resources  of  Nebraska  west  of  the  one  hundred  and 
third  meridian. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  19th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  719-785,  1898. 

Discusses  topography  and  geology  (pp.  727-760),  underground  waters 
(pp.  761-766),  springs  (pp.  766-768),  and  windmill  irrigation  from  wells 
(p.  780).  The  following  water  horizons  are  considered:  Alluvium, 
Pierre,  Ogailala,  Arikaree,  Gering,  Brule,  Chadron,  Laramie,  and 
Dakota  forinations,  and  the  Carboniferous  limestones.  Many  illustra- 
tions and  two  underground  water  maps  are  given. 

91  Underground  waters  of  a  portion  of  southeastern  Nebraska. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  12,  pp.  56, 
1898. 

Describes  the  topography  (pp.  12-14)  and  the  geology  (pp.  14-24)  of 
the  region  and  considers  the  shallow  water-bearing  horizons  (largely 
under  X50  feet  in  depth)  in  fifteen  counties  (pp.  24-45).  Of  the  deep 
borings,  from  590  to  2,460  feet,  only  one  appears  to  have  reached  the 
Dakota  sandstone,  and  this  was  a  failure.  Although  drilling  through 
the  Cretaceous  would  be  expensive,  Dakota  water  could  probably  be 
obtained  at  many  points  (pp.  47-48).  The  use  of  underground  waters 
for  irrigation  is  described  for  seven  counties. 

92 Monterey  folio,  Virginia- West  Virginia. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  61,  pp.  7,  1899. 
Notes  the  occurrence  of  thermal  springs,  sinks,  and   caves  in   the 
Shenandoah  limestone  (p.  2). 

93  Preliminary  description  of  the  geology  and  water  resources 

of   the  southern  half   of   the    Black   Hills   and   adjoining- 
regions  of  South  Dakota  and  Wyoming. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Kept.,  pt,  4,  pp.  489-599,  1900. 

Discusses  the  topography  and  geology  (pp.  498-562)  and  considers  the 
waters  of  the  Dakota-Lakota,  Minnelusa,  and  Deadwood  sandstones, 
including  wells  and  springs  (pp.  563-574). 

94  Washington  folio,   District  of  Columbia-Maryland-Virginia. 

Underground  water. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  70,  pp.  7,  1901. 

Describes  the  sources  of  water  supplies,  including  the  crystalline  rocks, 
and  the  Potomac,  Columbia,  and  other  sedimentary  beds.  A  map 
showing  depths  to  the  top  and  base  of  the  Potomac  formation  is  given. 

95  Preliminar}^  list  of  deep  borings  in  the  United  States.     Part 

1  (Alabama-Montana). 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  57,  pp.  60, 
1902. 

Consists  of  tables  giving  town,  county,  depth,  diameter,  yield,  head, 
temperature,  quality,  etc.,  of  wells  over  400  feet  alphabetically  arranged 
by  States  from  Alabama  to  Montana.  References  to  published  records 
are  given. 


22  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    EEVIEW    OF    PAPERS  Tno.  120. 

W  Darton  (Nelson  Horatio).     Preliniinaiy  list  of  deep  borings  in  the 
United  States.     Part  2  (Nel)raska- Wyoming-). 
U.  S.  Geol.  Siirv. ,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  61 ,  pp.  67, 1902. 
Contains  well  statistics  alphabetically  arranged  by  States  from  Nebraska 
to  Wyoming. 

97  Norfolk  folio,  Virginia-North  Carolina. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  80,  pp.  4,  1902. 

Gives  a  number  of  shallow  well  sections  in  the  text  and  columnar 
sections  of  the  deep  wells  at  Norfolk  and  Fort  INIonroe  on  the  Well  Sec- 
tion Sheet.  Most  of  the  well  supplies  are  from  the  base  of  the  Colum- 
bia, the  deep  wells  reaching  into  the  Potomac  generally  obtaining  salt 
water.  Several  analyses  are  given.  The  results  of  the  deep  wells  at 
Norfolk,  Fort  Monroe,  Newport  News,  and  Virginia  Beach  are  discussed. 

98  Oelrichs  folio,  South  Dakota-Nebraska. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  85,  pp.  6,  1902. 

Describes  the  thermal  springs  of  the  Minnekahta  limestone  (p.  3),  and 
gives  a  map  showing  the  outcrop  of  the  Dakota  sandstone,  the  areas  of 
flowing  and  pump  wells,  the  depth  to  the  top  of  the  Dakota  sandstone, 
and  the  altitude  to  which  the  water  will  rise  (pp.  5-6). 

99  Preliminary  report  on  the  geolog}^  any  Avater  resources  of 

Nebraska  west  of  the  one  hundred  and  third  meridian. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  17,  pp.  69,  1903. 
Revised  edition  of  no.  90. 

100  Camp  Clarke  folio,  Nebraska. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  87,  pp.  4,  1903. 

Describes  the  character  and  volume  of  springs  and  notes  the  sinking 
into  the  ground  of  the  waters  (p.  1).  The  shallow  waters  of  the  river 
bottoms  and  the  waters  of  the  Arikaree  and  Ogallala  formations  are  con- 
sidered. On  the  table-land  abundant  and  good  water  can  be  obtained 
at  de]>ths  of  from  200  to  300  feet.  The  Dakota  sandstone  is  untested, 
but  is  probably  within  reach  of  the  drill  and  will  yield  good  and  abund- 
ant flmvs  (p.  6). 

101  Scotts  Blutf  folio,  Nebraska. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  88,  pp.  5,  1903. 

Notes  the  occurrence  of  spring  and  seepage  water  in  the  valley  of 
Pumpkin  Creek  (p.  1)  and  describes  the  underground  waters  of  the 
alluvium,  etc.,  along  the  North  Platte  (p.  5).  The  presence  of  shallow 
water  on  the  uplands  is  uncertain,  as  is  also  the  case  in  the  Brule  clay, 
because  of  its  fissures  and  crevices.  The  Laramie  is  regarded  as  a  possi- 
ble source  of  water.  The  Dakota  is  untested,  but  (t)uld  probably  be 
reached  at  2,000  feet  or  more  and  be  likely  to  furnish  good  flows.  The 
Arikaree  formations  furnishes  water  on  the  plateau  at  a  depth  of  200  feet 
and  outcrops  with  springs  in  the  canyons  (p.  5). 
102 Newcastle  folio,  Wyoming-South  Dakota. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  107,  pp.  9,  1904. 

Gives  a  number  of  well  records  (pp.  3-5,  8)  and  discusses  at  length 
the  underground  waters  of  the  Dakota,  Lakota,  and  Pahasapa  horizons 
(pp.  8-9).  An  analysis  of  Dakota  water  is  given  (p.  8).  The  artesian 
water  maj)  shows  the  depths  of  the  Dakota  and  Pahasapa  standstones 
and  the  areas  of  flowing  and  pump  wells.  The  fiiuiing  of  brines  is 
recorded  and  an  analysis  given  (p.  9). 


FULLER.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  23 

108  Darton  (Nelson  Horatio)  and  (Smith)  W.  S.  Tangier.  Edgemont 
folio,  South  Dakota-Nebraska. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  108,  pp.  10,  1904. 
Describes  the  occurrence  of  sinks  and  caves  in  the  Minnekahta  lime- 
stone (p.  3)  and  of  recent  calcareous  tufa  deposits  (p.  7).  The  occur- 
rence of  underground  waters  from  the  Dakota  and  Lakota  sandstones, 
together  with  records  and  analyses,  are  discussed  (p.  9)  and  a  map 
showing  the  areas  of  flowing  and  pump  wells  and  the  depth  and  head 
of  the  water  is  given. 

104  Darton  (Nelson  Horatio).  Western  hydrology. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  93,  pp. 
117-120,  1904. 

Tells  of  the  formation  and  scope  of  the  western  section,  division  of 
hydrology,  and  describes  the  work  in  Arizona,  California,  Colorado, 
Kansas,  Nebraska,  New  Mexico,  North  Dakota,  Oklahoma,  Oregon, 
South  Dakota,  Texas,  Washington,  and  Wyoming.  The  work  of  the 
following  men  is  considered:  W.  T.  Lee,  W.  C.  Mendenhall,  C.  E. 
Siebenthal,  G.  E.  Condra,  E.  H.  Barbour,  C.  R.  Keyes,  C.  N.  Gould, 
D.  E.  Willard,  C.  M.  Hall,  F.  A.  Wilder,  I.  C.  Russell,  J.  E.  Todd, 
G.  B.  Richardson,  Henry  Landes,  C.  A.  Fisher,  and  C.  C.  O'Harra. 

105  Davis  (Arthur  Powell).     Report  of  progress  of  stream  measure- 

ments for  the  calendar  year  1896. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  1-418,  1897. 

Notes  the  decrease  in  flow  of  wells  and  springs  in  Georgia  (p.  71)  and 
describes  the  limestone  springs  along  the  Etowah  River,  Georgia  (p. 
109).  Seepage  into  lava  from  Malad  River,  Idaho  (p.  337),  and  the 
springs  and  underflow  along  Little  Fountain  Creek,  California  (p.  231), 
are  also  considered. 

106  Irrigation  near  Phoenix,  Arizona. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  2,  p.  98, 
1897. 

Discusses  underground  waters  briefly  (pp.  86-92),  naming  Phoenix 
and  Mesa  as  examples  of  localities  having  large  flows  due  in  part  to 
additions  received  by  the  underground  supplies  through  seepage  from 
irrigated  tracts.  Gives  a  list  of  wells  of  Pinal  and  Maricopa  counties, 
together  with  statistics;  considers  the  amount  of  underflow  to  be  over- 
estimated, the  effect  of  evaporation  underestimated ;  discusses  the  cost 
of  pumping. 

107  Investigations  in  Arizona. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,   Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  93,  pp. 
128-130,  1904. 
Irrigation  of  50,000  acres  by  wells  is  expected  (p.  128). 

108  Day  (David  T.).     Bromine. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.,  1883-84,  pp.  851-853,  1885. 
Notes  the  brines  of  the  wells  of  West  Virginia  and  Ohio  as  sources  of 
bromine. 

109  Iodine. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.,  1883-84,  pp.  854-858,  1885. 
Like  bromine,  iodine  is  devived  from  the  waters  of  salt  wells. 


24  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    RE^^EW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

1 10  Day  (David  T.).     Sulphur. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.,  1883-84,  pp.  864-876,  1885. 
Notes  the  derivation  of  sulphur  from  hot  spring  deposits  in  Nevada 
and  from  solfataras  in  Utah  (pp.  865-866). 

111  Bromine. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.,  1885,  pp.  486-487,  1886. 

Notes  the  extraction  of  l)romine  from  the  brines  of  the  salt  wells. 

112  [ ]  Salt. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.,  1885,  pp.  474-485,  1886. 
Discusses  the  brines  from  wells  or  springs  of  Michigan,  New  York, 
California,  Nevada,  and  Idaho. 

113  Administrative  report  [1886-87]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  8th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  195-201,  1889. 
Reports  8,950,317  gallons  of  mineral  water,  with  a  value  of  11,284,070, 
sold  during  1886.     This  is  a  slight  increase  over  the  previous  year. 

114  Administrative  report  [1887-88]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  9th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  1.34-140,  1889. 
The  production  of  mineral  waters  for  1887  is  stated  as  8,259,609  gal- 
lons, with  a  value  of  $1,261,473. 

115  Administrative  report  [1888-89]. 

U,  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  10th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  182-188,  1890. 
The  product  of  mineral  waters  for  1888  is  given  as  9,628,568  gallons, 
valued  at  $1,709,302,  an  increase  in  both  amount  and  value. 

116  Administrative  report  [1890-91]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  12th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  129-1.34,  1891. 
Gives  the  production  of  mineral  waters  for  1890  as  14,000,000  gallons, 
valued  at  $2,000,000. 

117  [ ]  Salt  [1891]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.  189],  pp.  572-578,  1893. 
Gives  production  of  salt  from  wells,  springs,  and  other  sources  for  the 
year  1891. 

118  [ ]  Bromine  [1891]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.  1891,  p.  579,  1893. 

Gives  production  of  bromine  as  a  by-product  of  brines,  etc.,  for  1891. 

119  Administrative  report  [1893-94]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  15th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  203-209,  1895. 
Gives  the  production  of  mineral  waters  for  1893  as  23,544,495  gallons, 
with  a  value  of  $4,246,734  (p.  209). 

120  Day  (William  C).     Potassium  salts. 

U.  S.  (Jeol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.,  1887,  pp.  628-650,  1888. 
These  salts  are  ol)tainc(l  in  ))art  from  the  brine  of  wells  and  springs. 
Analyses  are  given. 

121  Diller  (Joseph  Silas).     Lassen  Peak  folio,  California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geo!.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  15,  ]>.  4,  1895. 
Mentions  or  describes  a  number  of  solfataras,  hot  springs,  mud  pools, 
geysers,  and  sulphur  deposits  (p.  2). 


Ft'LLER.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  25 

122  Diller  (Joseph  Silas).     Stalactites.     The  educational  series  of  rock 

specimens  collected  and  distributed  h}-  the  United  States 
Geological  Survey. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  150,  pp.  98-99,  1898. 

Explains  origin  through  action  of  underground  waters. 

123  Dodwell  (Arthur)  and  Rixon  (Theodore  F).     Forest  conditions 

in  the  Cascade  Forest  Reserve,  Oregon:  Cascade  Range 
Forest  Reserve  between  townships  18  and  29  south. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  9,  pp.  147-227,  1903. 

Describes  underground  channel  through  which  fish  pass  from 
Deschutes  River  to  Odell  and  Davis  lakes  (p.  148). 

124  Leiberg    (John    B.),    Rixon    (Theodore),    and.      Detailed 

descriptions  [of  timber  of  townships].  Forest  conditions 
in  the  San  Francisco  Mountains  forest  reserve,  Arizona. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  22,  pp.  35-91,  1904. 

See  Leiberg  (John  B. ),  Rixon  (Theodore),  and  Dodwell  (Arthur). 

125  Drake  (Noah  Field),  Lindgren  (Waldemai-),  and.     Nampa  folio, 

Idaho-Oregon. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  103,  pp.  5,  1904. 
See  Lindgren  (Waldemar)  and  Drake  (N.  F. ). 

126  Silver  City  folio,  Idaho. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  105,  pp.  6,  1904. 
See  Lindgren  (Waldemar)  and  Drake  (N.  F. ). 

127  Button  (Clarence  E.).     The  physical  geography  of  the  Grand 

Canyon  district. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  2d  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  47-166,  1882. 

Notes  several  springs  available  for  camp  supplies  in  the  Kaibab  and 
other  parts  of  the  plateau  district,  and  mentions  the  occurrence  of  sink- 
ing streams  (pp.  122, 134). 

128  Tertiary  history  of  the  Grand  Canyon  district,  with  atlas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  2,  264  pp.,  atlas,  1882. 

Springs  in  canyons  are  mentioned  or  described  on  pages  130, 135, 158, 
159,  and  168;  on  the  Kaibab  on  pages  129, 139, 157, 166, 171, 172,  on  the 
Uinkaret,  page  82.  Springs  are  also  treated  on  pages  158, 159, 168,  and  234. 
Sinking  streams  are  considered  on  pages  129  and  138,  and  subterranean 
drainage  on  page  138. 

129  Administrative  report.      [1886-87.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  8th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  156-165,  1889. 

Mentions  two  immense  springs  giving  rise  to  Metolias  River,  on  east 
flank  of  cascades,  which  is  70  to  80  feet  wide  and  too  deep  to  ford.  Other 
large  springs  are  noted. 


26  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

130  Dutton  (Clarence  E.).     The  earthquake  at  Charleston  of  August 

31,  1886. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  9th  Ann.  Eept.,  pp.  203-328,  1889. 

Notes  the  forcing  up  of  fresfi  water  and  mud,  the  formation  of  mud 
craterlets,  sink  holes,  etc.  (pp.  224,  241,  246,  280-281,  283,296,297,  298, 
302,  322).  Mention  is  made  of  the  failure  of  artesian  wells  at  Ten  Mile 
Hill,  Georgia  (p.  284),  and  of  rise  of  water  in  certain  wells  in  Alabama 
(p.  411).     The  supposed  effect  on  Iowa  wells  is  discredited  (p.  443). 


131  Eckel  (Edwin  C).     Salt  and  g-j^psum  deposits  of   southwestern 

Virginia. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  213,  pp.  406-416,  1903. 

Describes  salt  wells  (pp.  407,  408,  413)  and  gives  records  (pp.  408-409). 
Analyses  of  brines  from  Virginia,  New  York,  Ontario,  Michigan,  Penn- 
sylvania, West  Virginia,  England,  and  France  are  also  given  (p.  414). 

132  Hayes   (C.    Willard)  and.     Iron   ores   of    the    Cartersville 

district,  Georgia. 
See  Hayes  (C.  W.)  and  Eckel  (E.  C). 

133  Hayes  (C.  W.)  and.     Occurrence  and  development  of  ochei 

deposits  in  the  Cartersville  district,  Georgia. 
See  Hayes  (C.  W.)  and  Eckel  (E.  C). 

134  Eckel  (Edwin  C).     The  salt  industrj^  in  Utah  and  California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp'^,  488-495,  1904. 

Notes  the  derivation  of  salt  from  springs  in  California  (p.  494). 

135  Johnson  (Lawrence  C.)  and,  Mississippi.     [Well  records.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
332-357,  1904. 

See  Johnson  (Lawrence  C. )  and  Eckel  (Edwin  C. ). 

136  Eldridge  (George    Honians).     A   geological    reconnoissance    in 

northwest  Wyoming. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  119,  pp.  72,  1894. 

The  paper  describes  the  Stinking  Water,  Big  Horn,  and  Fort  Washa- 
kie Sulphur  Springs.  All  are  hot  or  warm,  have  copious  flows,  and  are 
surrc)uii(l('(l  l)y  mineral  deposits,  tbe  first  by  a  geyser  cone.  The  waters 
arc  coiisidtTcd  to  })ossess  valuable  medicinal  properties.  The  Big  Horn 
and  Fort  Washakie  springs  occur  at  the  crest  of  anticlines. 

137  Anthracite-Crested    Butte  folio.     Description   of    the  sedi- 

m(>ntary  formations. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  <■.),  i)p.  (i-lO,  1S94. 

Describes  hot  springs  and  calcareous  tufa  nioumls  along  Anient  Creek 
(p.  9). 


FULLER.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  27 

138  Eldridge  (Georo-e  Homans).     Geology  of  the  Denver  Basin  in 

Colorado:  P^conomic  geolog}',  artesian  wells. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  27,  pp.  401-465,  1896. 

The  chapter  inchides  a  history  of  the  development  of  the  basin,  and 
discussions  of  the  artesian  conditions,  water  horizons,  source  of  water, 
absorption,  transmission,  capacity,  and  yield  of  water  horizons,  and  life 
of  wells.  Chemical  analyses,  sections,  and  descriptions  of  wells  are 
given,  together  with  statistics  of  location,  date,  casing,  water  horizon, 
depth,  discharge  in  1886  and  1890,  cost,  etc.,  for  357  wells. 

139  Emerson    (Benjamin    Kendall).      Geology    of    old    Hampshire 

County,  Massachusetts,  comprising  Franklin,  Hampshire, 
and  Hampden  counties. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  29,  pp.  790,  1898. 
•  Gives  a  number  of  deep-well  records  in  Triassic  rocks  (pp.  380-389), 

but  little  information  relating  to  water.     Springs  are  described  and 
analyses  given  (pp.  751-752). 

140  The  geology  of  eastern  Berkshire  County,  Massachusetts. 

U=  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  159,  pp.  139,  1899. 

Describes  the  wells  on  the  Dalton  fault,  giving  record,  map,  and 
analysis.  The  water  comes  from  solution  i^assages  in  the  limestone 
along  the  fault  (pp.  90-92) . 

141  Emmons  (Sanuiel  Franklin).     Geology  and  mining  industry  of 

Leadville,  Colorado,  with  atlas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  12,  pp.  770,  atlas,  1886. 

Among  the  topics  relating  to  underground  waters,  the  following  may 
be  noted:  Caves  in  limestone  (p.  394),  warm  springs  (p.  169) ,  and  water 
level  in  mines  (p.  378) .  Ores  are  regarded  as  having  been  deposited  by 
descending  aqueous  solutions  following  natural  water  channels  includ- 
ing bedding  planes,  joints,  and  cleavage  (p.  378).  The  thermal  spring 
origin  of  fissure  veins  is  also  mentioned  on  page  576. 

142  Anthracite-Crested    Butte   folio.     Description    of    the   Elk 

Mountains. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  9,  pp.  1-2,  1894. 

Mentions  the  travertine  and  tufa  deposits  of  hot  springs  and  describes 
the  formation  of  bog  ore  by  the  leaching  of  sulphurets  by  thermal 
waters  (p.  2). 

143  Introduction.     Economic    geolog}^    of   the    Mercur    mining 

district,  Utah.     By  J.  Edward  Spurr. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  16  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  349-.369,  1896. 
Considers   the   part  of   hot  underground   waters  in   ore  deposition 
(pp.  367-369). 

144  Mines  of  Custer  Count}' ,  Colorado. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  17th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  ii,  pp.  465-472,  1896. 

Ascribes  ores  of  Bull  Domingo  andGeysermines  to  aqueous  deposition 
( pp.  445-447, 458-464 ) .  The  latter  mine  is  characterized  by  strong  flows 
of  water  charged  with  carbonates,  sulphates,  nitrates,  etc.,  of  the  alka- 
lies, alkaline  earths,  and  metals.  Analyses  of  the  water  and  of  the 
tufaceous  deposits  formed  by  it  on  its  emergence  are  given. 


28  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

145  Emmons  (Samuel  Franklin)  and  Tower  (George  Warren).     Butte 

Special  folio,  Montana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atla.s  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  .39,  pp.  8,  1897. 

Notes  the  action  of  thermal  waters  on  andesites  (p.  6)  and  describes 
the  superficial  and  deep-seated  springs  of  the  area.  The  former  are 
generally  located  at  the  base  of  prominences  of  porous  igneous  rocks, 
and  are  numerous  and  copious  in  flow.  The  latter  are  both  cold  and 
warm,  and  are  generally  more  or  less  mineralized,  some  being  used  for 
medicinal  purposes.  Alkaline  carbonates,  carbon  dioxide,  and  sul- 
phuretted hydrogen  are  common  constituents.  Some  mineral  deposits 
occur  (p.  8). 

146  Emmons  (Samuel  Franklin).     Tintic  Special  folio,  Utah.     Gen- 

eral conclusions. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  65,  pp.  7-8,  1900. 

Discusses  the  significance  of  the  ground-water  level  and  describes 
certain  cave  dej^osits. 

147  Homestake  mines. 

U.  S.  Geol.' Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  26,  pp.  55-80,  1904. 
Notes  relation  of  underground  waters  to  ore  deposition. 

F. 

148  Fairbanks  (H.  A.).     San  Luis  folio,  California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  101,  pp.  14,  1904. 
Describes  a  number  of  strong  iron  and  other  spring.",  some  of  which 
are  used  for  bathing  (pp.  14). 

149  Fellows  (A.  L.).     Water  resources  of  the  State  of  Colorado. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  74,  pp.  151, 
1902. 

Notes  the  absorption  of  rainfall  by  different  varieties  of  rocks  (p.  17) 
and  describes  seepage  of  the  South  Platte  (pp.  65-66),  Arkansas  River 
(p.  100),  and  the  Rio  Grande  (pp.  109-110). 

150  Fenneman  (N.  M.).     The  Boulder,  Colorado,  oil  field. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  21.3,  pp.  322-332,  1903. 

Discusses  the  occurrence  of  fresh  and  salt  water  in  oil  wells,  some  of 
which  are  cased  to  over  2,000  feet.  The  lower  waters  are  thermal  and 
rise  with  some  force. 

151  Field  (John  E.).     DivcM-sion  of  North  Platte  River  [Wyomincr- 

NebraskaJ. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  2(1  Ann.  Rept.  Reclamation  Service,  1902-3,  pp. 
499-507,  1904. 

Notes  occurrence  of  hot  springs,  and  describes  honeycombing  of  rock 
by  their  agency  at  Alcova,  AVyo.  (p.  506). 

152  Flynn  (Benjamin  11.),  and   Flynn  (Margaret  S.).     The  natural 

features  and  economic  dcvclopnuMit  of  the  Sandusky,  Mau- 
mee,  Muskingum,  and  Miami  drainage  areas  in  Ohio. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supjjlvand  Irrigation  Paper  no.  91,  jip.  130, 
1904. 

Discusses  public  water  supplies,  including  those  from  springs,  galleries 
and  from  siialiow  and  (Icfp-scated  wells,  l)oth  flowing  and  noiiHowing 
(pp.  58-124). 


Ft'LLEU.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  29 

153  Foerste  (Aug.  F.).     Geolog-y  of  the  Carboniferous  strata  of  the 

southwestern  portion  of  the   Narragansett  l>asin,  with  an 
account  of  the  Cambrian  deposits. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  33,  pp.  214-393,  1899. 

(lives  record  of  deep  boring  in  Rhoile  Island  (p.  322). 

154  Fontaine   (William  Morris).     The  Potomac  formation    in  Vir- 

ginia. 

-U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  145,  pp.  149,  1896. 

Gives  an  artesian-well  section  at  Fort  Monroe  (p.  44)  and  describes  an 
alum  spring  near  Fredericksburg  (p.  08). 

155  Fortier  (Samuel).     Seepage  water  of  northern  Utah. 

U.  8.  Geol.  8urv.,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Faper  no.  7,  i)p.  .'lO, 
1897. 

Defines  seepage  waters  (p.  11)  and  considers  their  importance  (pp. 
11-13)  and  origin  (p.  13).  A  considerable  number  of  measurements 
showing  quantity  of  seejiage  water  in  Cache  Valley  (pp.  27-44)  and  in 
Ogden  Valley  (pp.  44-47)  are  given.  In  the  lower  portion  of  the  latter 
more  water  is  returned  by  seepage  than  taken  out  for  irrigation  during 
certain  months. 

156  Conveyance  of  water  in  irrigation  canals,  Humes,  and  pipes. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  43,  pp.  86, 
1901. 
Notes  the  effect  of  irrigation  in  raising  the  groundwater  level  (p.  16). 

157  [Fuller  (Myron  L,)],  Campbell  (Marius  R.)  [and].     Masontown- 

Uniontown  folio,  Pennsylv^ania  natural  gas;  Petroleum. 

See  Campbell  (Marius  R. )  and  [Fuller  (Myron  L. )]. 

158  Fuller  (M3^ron  L.).     Ditney  folio,  Indiana:  General  and  Pleisto- 

cene geology. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  irj.  83,  pp.  1-7,  1902. 

Gives  diamond  drill  section  near  Glezen  pos'-office  (p.  2)  and  a  num- 
ber of  scattered  drift  well  sections  (p.  3). 

159  Ditney  folio,  Indiana.     Mineral  waters:  Water  supply. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  fobo  no.  84,  p.  8, 1902. 

Describes  the  character  and  composition  of  the  mineral  springs  at 
the  Degonia  and  Ash  Iron  Spring  resorts,  and  mentions  the  occurrence 
and  deposits  of  Chalybeate  Springs.  The  amount  and  character  of  the 
water  supply  from  drift  and  rocks  is  also  discussed. 

160  Gaines  folio,  Pennsylvania.     General  geology. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  fobo  no.  92,  pp.  9,  1903. 

Gives  deep  well  record  at  Gaines  (p.  2)  and  describes  a  2,880-barrel 
water  well  from  a  depth  of  100  feet  in  the  Chemung  rocks  at  Harrison 
Valley.  The  water  is  mineralized  and  is  regarded  of  medicinal  value 
(p.  9). 

161  Natural  gas  [Brownsville-Connellsville  folio]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  fobo  no.  94,  pp.  17-18, 1903. 
Gives  detailed  records  of  several  deep  wells. 


30  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

162  FuUer  (Myron  L.)  and    Clapp   (Frederick   G.).     Patoka  folio, 

Indiana-Illinois. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  105, 12  pp.,  1904. 

Gives  a  number  of  well  records  (p.  3)  and  discusses  the  occurrence  of 
groundwater,  including  that  of  springs  and  wells,  in  considerable 
detail  (pp.  11-12).  The  occurrence  of  calcareous  tufa  is  described 
(p. 14). 

163  Fuller  (Myron  L.).     Hyner  g-as  pool,  Clinton  County,  Penns}^!- 

vania. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv. ,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp.  392-395, 1904. 

Gives  record' of  1,965-foot  well  and  notes  occurrence  of  fresh  and  salt 
waters  at  various  horizons. 

161  Water  supply  from  wells  in  southern  Louisiana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  101,  pp. 
74-81,  1904. 

Discusses  the  use  of  well  water  for  domestic,  town,  railroad,  and  man- 
ufacturing supplies,  giving  a  list  of  towns  supplied  from  wells  and  a 
table  of  analyses.     The  subject  of  contamination  is  also  discussed. 

165 Rice  irrigation  in  southern  Louisiana. 

U.  S.  Geo!.  Surv.,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  101,  pp. 
82-94,  1904. 

Deals  mainly  with  irrigation  by  water  obtained  from  wells,  giving 
tables  showing  number  of  farms  and  acres  irrigated  by  such  waters  in 
1902  (pp.  82-91).     A  map  showing  wells  and  canals  is  included. 

166  Introduction:    Contributions  to  the  hydrology  of  Eastern 

United  States,  1903. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water  Supi>ly  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
9-13,  1904. 

States  object  of  jirogress  reports,  gives  list  of .  publications  of  the  Sur- 
vey and  a  bibliography  of  principal  Survey  i)ublications  relating  to  under- 
ground waters. 

167  Organization  of  the  division  of  hydrology  and  work  of  the 

eastern  section. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
15-20,  1904. 

Gives  an  account  of  early  Survey  work  on  underground  waters,  of  the 
organization  and  scope  of  the  division  of  hydrology,  and  a  description 
of  the  work  by  States  as  follows:  Maine,  W.  S.  Bayley,  G.  O.  Smith, 
W.  C.  Washburn,  and  L.  G.  Lord;  New  Hampshire,  J.  M.  Boutwell; 
Vermont,  G.  H.  Perkins;  Massachusetts  and  Rhode  Island,  W.  O. 
Crosby;  Connecticut,  H.  E.  Gregory;  New  York,  A.  C.  Veatch,  Arthur 
HoUick,  M.  L.  Fuller,  C.  S.  Slichter,  VV.  O.  Crosby,  and  F.  B.  Weeks; 
New  Jersey,  G.  N.  Knapp;  Georgia,  S.  W.  McCallie;  Florida,  M.  L. 
Fuller;  Minnesota,  C.  W.  Hall;  Wisconsin,  A.  R.  Shultz;  Michigan, 
W.  F.  Cooper;  Iowa,  W.  H.  Norton;  Missouri,  E.  M.  Shepard;  Arkan- 
sas, A.  C.  Veatch  and  A.  H.  Purdue;  Louisiana,  A.  C.  Veatch  ami  (i.  I). 
Harris;  Kentucky  and  Tennessee,  L.  C.  Glenn;  Alabama  and  Missis- 
sippi, E.  A.  Smith,  L.  C.  Johnson,  J.  A.  Anderson,  R.  S.  Hodges,  and 
B.  F.  Lovelace. 


FiiLi.EK.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  31 

168  Fuller  (M3M-on  L.).     Introduction.     Notes  on  the  wells,  springs 

and  general  water  resources  of  certain  Eastern  and  Central 
States. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Snrv.,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
21-26,  1904. 

Discusses  the  methods  of  work,  including  the  collection,  preparation, 
and  presentation  of  data,  the  economic  value  of  general  water  resources, 
well  and  spring  records,  analyses,  etc.,  and  gives  an  explanation  of  the 
tables  of  the  report. 

169  Florida.     [Well  and  spring  records.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water  Sujjply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
238-274,  1904. 

Discusses  the  general  underground  water  conditions  (pp.  238-239) 
and  gives  tables  and  notes  relating  to  wells  (pp.  240-264)  and  springs 
(pp.  265-274).  The  well  data  include  altitude,  depth,  source,  head, 
temperature,  quality  (including  analyses),  records,  and  uses;  the  spring 
data,  temperature,  quality  (including  analyses),  source,  uses,  improve- 
ments, etc. 

G. 

170  Grilbert  (Grove  Karl)>     Lake  Bonneville. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.  vol.  1,  438  pp.,  1890. 

Mentions  springs  in  Death  Valley,  California  (p.  8),  and  elsewhere 
(p.  102),  Ice  spring,  Utah  (p.  325),  hot  springs  of  Fumerole  Butte, 
Utah  (p.  333),  of  Salt  Lake  City  (p.  349),  and  of  Bonneville  village, 
Utah  (p.  .350),  the  last  two  being  on  faults,  are  also  considered.  Other 
hot  springs  are  noted. 

171  Administrative  report  [1890-91]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  12th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  52-65,  1891. 
Discusses  underground  temperatures  as  based  on  observations  in  the 
4,471-foot  well  at  Wheeling,  West  Virginia. 

172  Administrative  report  [1891-92]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  13th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  83-98,  1892. 
Notes  work  of  A.  C.  Peale  on  mineral  waters  (p.  88)  and  of  William 
Hallock  on  temperatures  of  Wheeling  deep  well  (p.  96V 

173  Administrative  report. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  15th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  144-148,  1895. 
Gives  an  account  of  studies  on  the  artesian  conditions  and  of  the  con- 
touring of  the  Dakota  sandstone  in  southern  Colorado,  etc.  (pp.  145-146). 

174 The  underground  water  of  the  Arkansas  Valley  in  eastern 

Colorado. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  17th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  551-601,  1896. 

Describes  the  geology  of  the  region  (pp.  560-580)  and  considers  the 
derivation  of  underground  waters  (pp.  557-558)  and  general  artesian 
conditions  (p.  581).  The  character,  catchment  area,  capacity,  distribu- 
tion, quality,  analyses,  and  prospects  of  the  Dakota  sandstone  or  its 
waters  are  treated  at  length  (pp.  582-595),  while  the  ground  water  in 
gravels,  in  upland  and  dune  sands,  and  in  the  terraces  is  discussed  ( pp. 
695-598).  The  considerable  underflow  of  the  Arkansas  and  other 
streams  is  pointed  out  (pp.  599-601) . 


32  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

175  Grilbert  (Grove  Karl).     Pueblo  folio,  Colorado. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  36,  pp.  7,  1897. 

Notes  the  loss  of  water  through  absorption  by  the  beds  of  the  Arkan- 
sas and  St.  Charles  rivers  (p.  1)  and  discusses  the  various  water  hori- 
zons in  the  Dakota  sandstone,  including  their  depth  and  head.  A  map 
showing  the  areas  of  flowing  and  nonflowing  wells  and  the  depths  of 
the  water  horizons  is  given. 

176  Grlenn  (L.  C).     Tennessee.     [Well  records.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water  Supi)ly  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
358-367,1904. 

Gives  a  general  statement  of  miderground  water  conditions  ( pp.  358- 
359)  and  presents  tables  and  notes  relating  to  wells  (pp.  360-365). 
These  include  data  bearing  on  depth,  head,  source,  yield,  quality, 
records,  and  uses. 

177  Kentuck3^     [Well  records.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
369-373,  1904. 

Considers  briefly  the  general  underground  water  conditions  an<l  gives 
tables  and  notes  relating  to  wells.  These  include  statistics  on  depth, 
head,  yield,  quality  (including  analysis),  records,  and  uses. 

178  Grooch  (P^-ank  Austin)  and  Whitfield  (James  Edward).     Analyses 

of  waters  of  the  Yellowstone  National  Park  with  an  account 
of  the  methods  of  analyses  employed. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  47,  pp.  84,  1888. 

Gives  the  temperatures,  specific  gravities,  and  analyses  of  43  waters 
including  those  from  geysers,  hot  springs,  cold  springs,  mud  springs, 
etc.  Among  the  rare  compounds  or  elements  of  waters  which  were 
found  are  B.Oa,  As^Og,  Br,  Mn,  Cs,  and  Eh.  NjOj,  TiO.,,  I,  Fl,  Ba,  and 
Sr  were  tested  for  but  not  found. 

179  Groodell  (Edwin  B.).     A  review  of  the  laws  forbidding-  pollution 

of  inland  waters  in  the  United  States. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  103,  pp.  120, 
1904. 

Gives  an  abstract  of  laws  relating  to  pollution  of  surface  streams. 
Springs  are  specifically  included  with  the  streams  in  nearly  all  States 
and  wells  are  included  in  many  instances.  Several  States  have  special 
laws  relating  to  springs. 

180  Growsell  (M.  G.),  Plummer  (Fred  G.)  and.     Forest  conditions  in 

the  Lincoln  Forest  Reserve,  New  Mexico. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  33,  pp.  47,  1904. 
See  Plumuier  (Fred  G.)  and  Gowsell  (M.  G.). 

181  Grant  (C.  L.).     Additional  well  records  in  Connecticut. 

tJ.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
160-165,  1904. 

Gives  tables  showing  dei)tli  and  yield  of  w'ells  at  a  considerable  num- 
ber of  scattered  localities. 

182  Graves  (Henry  S.).     Black  Hills  Forest  Reserve. 

U.  S.  Geol.,  Surv.,  19th  Ann.  Kept.    pt.  5,  pp.  67-164,  1898. 
Mentions  underground-stream  channels  in  Bear  Lodge  Range  (p.  163). 


FULLEU.J  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  33 

183  G-regory  (Herbert  E).     Connecticut.     [Well  and  spring-  records.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
127-159,  1904. 

Considers  briefly  the  general  underground  water  conditions  (p.  127), 
and  gives  tables  and  notes  relating  to  wells  (pp.  128-149)  and  springs 
(pp.  149-159) .  The  well  data  include  source,  temperature,  yield,  quality 
(including  analyses),  and  uses;  the  spring  data,  temperature,  yield, 
source,  use,  improvements,  and  quality  (including  analyses). 

184  G-rimsley  (G.  P.).     Gypsum  deposits  in  Kansas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  223,  pp.  53-59,  1904. 

Notes  springs  associated  with  gypsite  (p.  57)  and  mentions  the  action 
of  underground  waters  in  the  formation  of  gypsum  ( p.  58) . 

185  Griswold  (W.  T.).     The  Berea  Grit  Oil  Sand  in  the  Cadiz  quad- 

rangle.    Ohio. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  198,  pp.  43,  1902. 

Discusses  the  relation  of  water  to  the  accumulation  of  oil  and  gas,  and 
gives  a  map  and  tables  of  the  wells. 

186  Structural  work  during  1901  and  1902  in  the  Eastern  Ohio 

oil  tields. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  213,  pp.  336-344,  1903. 
Discusses  the  relation  of  water  to  the  occurrence  of  oil  and  gas  ( p.  337). 

187  G-runsky  (Carl  Ewald).     Irrigation  near  Bakersfield,  California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper,  no.  17,  pp. 
96,  1898. 

Notes  use  of  ground  water  for  irrigation  at  Florin  (p.  14),  and  reports 
successful  pumping  and  the  beginning  of  artesian  developments  in  the 
San  Joaquin  Valley  (p.  94).  Irrigation  by  causing  a  general  rise  of  the 
ground  water  into  the  subsoil  is  described  (pp.  33-34). 

188  Irrigation  near  Fresno,  California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper,  No.  18,  pp.  94, 
1898. 

Discusses  seepage  (pp.  74-78)  and  describes  irrigation  by  raising 
ground- water  level  to  subsoil  (p.  90).  The  effect  of  irrigation  on  ground- 
water level  (p.  79)  and  the  ground-water  conditions  near  the  Fresno 
Canal  (p.  75)  and  along  Kings  River  (pp.  86-87)  are  also  considered. 


189  Hague  (Arnold).     Administrative  report  [1883-84]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  5th  Ann.  Kept.,  pp.  15-19,  1885. 

Gives  a  brief  summary  of  the  work  of  W.  H.  Weed,  A.  C.  Peale,  and 
Wm.  Hallock  on  the  character,  deposits,  and  causes  of  the  hot  springs 
and  geysers  of  the  Yellowstone  National  Park,  and  mentions  the  work 
of  F.  A.  Gooch  on  the  chemistry  of  the  waters  and  their  deposits. 

190  Administrative  report  [1884-85]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  6th  Ann.  Kept.,  pp.  54-59,  1885. 

Notes  the  chemical  work  of  F.  A.  Gooch  on  methods  and  problems 
relating  to  the  thermal  waters  of  Yellowstone  National  Park,  and  men- 
tions work  of  William  Hallock  on  the  physics  of  geyser  action.     Calls 
attention  to  changes  in  temperature  of  springs  and  to  new  vents. 
IRR  120—05 3 


34  BIBLIOGEAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [nm.  V20. 

r.tj   Hague  (Arnold).     Administrative  report  [1885-86]. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  7th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  87-91,  1888. 
Gives  list  of  basins  and  springs  of  the  Yellowstone  National  Park  from 
which  waters  have  been  analyzed  by  F.  A.  Gooch  and  J.  E.  Whitfield. 

192  Administrative  report  [1886-87]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  8th  Ann.  Rept.  pt.  1,  pp.  149-153,  1889. 

Mentions  the  Mork  of  W.  H.  Weed  on  geyser  action  in  the  Yellow- 
stone National  Park  and  states  there  is  no  diminution  in  the  intensity 
of  geyser  action  or  other  noticeable  changes  in  the  geyser  region.  Men- 
tions the  work  of  Gooch  and  Whitfield  on  the  chemistry  of  the  waters 
and  notes  the  occurrence  of  arsenic  in  the  waters.  This  may  give  to 
the  waters  an  important  medicinal  value.  The  occurrence  of  scorodite 
in  the  siliceous  sinter  cones  is  mentioned. 

193  Administrative  report  [1887-88]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  9th  Ann.  Rept.  (pp.  91-96),  1889. 

Describes  the  state  of  activity  of  the  geysers  of  the  Yellowstone 
National  Park  and  mentions  the  outbreaks  of  the  P^xcelsior  after  a  dor- 
mant period  of  six  years.  Notes  the  work  of  W.  H.  Weed  on  the  study 
of  algeous  growths  in  springs  and  describes  the  occurrence  of  scorodite, 
the  hydrous  arsenate  of  iron. 

194  Administrative  report  [1888-89]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  10th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  132-137,  1890. 

States  that  there  has  been  no  marked  change  in  geyser  action.  De- 
scribes the  work  of  W.  H.  Weed  in  exploring  old  and  new  geyser  basins 
and  mentions  the  discovery  of  arsenic  in  their  waters.  The  publications 
of  F.  A.  Gooch,  J.  E.  Whitfield,  and  W.  H.  Weed  relating  to  the  waters 
and  deposits  of  hot  springs  are  noted  and  attention  called  to  the  method 
of  inciting  geyser  action  by  "soaping." 

195  Administrative  report  [1889-90]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  11th  Ann  Rept,  pt.  1,  pp.  83-87,  1891. 
Notes  works  of  W.  H.  Weed  on  the  question  of  changes  of  activity  of 
geysers  and  springs  in  the  Yellowstone  National  Park. 

196.  — —  Administrative  report  [1890-91]. 

U.  S.  (tcoI.  Surv.,  12th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  92-96,  1891. 
Describes  the  work  of  W.  H.  Weed  on  geysers  and  hot  springs. 

197  Geology  of  the  Eureka  District,  Nevada,  with  an  atlas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  20,  pp.  .419,  1892. 

Notes  occurrence  of  enlarged  fissures  and  caves  antedating  ore  depo- 
sition (p.  .308)  and  assigns  ore  deposition  to  ascending  solfataric  cur- 
rents (p.  294). 

198  Administrative  report  [1892-93]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  14th  Ann.  Rept.,  i)t.  1,  pp.  188-191,  1893. 
Describes  exhibit  of  hot-spring  deposits  at  World's  Fair  at  Chicago  in 
1893  (p.  191). 


FFLLER.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  35 

199  Hague   (Arnold).     Yellowstone    National    Park    folio,    (General 
Description. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  30,  pp.  1-4,  1896. 

Describes  the  geysers,  hot  springs,  and  solfataras,  and  discusses  the 
antiquity  of  some  of  the  deposits.  Glacial  bowlders  are  found  imbedded 
in  travertine.  The  action  of  acid  thermal  waters  in  the  decomposition 
of  rocks  and  their  intimate  relation  to  rhyolite  are  considered.  The 
spring  and  geyser  waters  are  of  three  classes  (1)  calcareous,  forming  trav- 
ertine; (2)  siliceous,  frequently  acid,  and  carrying  alum  and  iron,  and 
(3)  siliceous  alkaline,  forming  geyser  cones.  The  occurrence  of  iron, 
manganese,  and  arsenic  in  the  waters  and  of  realgar,  orpiment,  and  scoro- 
dite  in  the  deposits  is  noted.  There  are  4,000  thermal  springs  and  100 
geysers  in  the  park. 

200 [and  Weed  (W.  H.)].     Descriptive  geology  of  Huckleberry 

Mountain  and  Bij^  Game  Ridge:  Snake  River  Hot  Springs. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  32,  pt.  2,  pp.  177-178,  1899. 

These  are  large  calcareous  thermal  springs,  associated  witli  travertine 
deposits  resembling  those  of  Mammoth  Hot  Springs  of  Yellowstone 
National  Park  and  occurring  on  the  banks  of  Snake  River.  Their  rela- 
tion to  rhyolite  and  to  limestone  is  considered. 

201  Hague  (Arnold).     Absaroka  folio,  Wyoming. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  52,  pp.  6,  1899. 

Describes  the  hot  sulphur  springs  of  Stinking  Water  River  (p.  1)  and 
mentions  the  occurrence  of  active  and  extinct  thermal  springs  on  west 
slopes  of  Saddle  Mountain,  just  inside  the  limits  of  the  Yellowstone 
National  Park  on  the  west.  The  occurrence  of  a  solfataric  area  with 
whitened  and  decomposed  rocks  with  sulphur  deposits  is  also  noted 
(p.  6). 

202  Hall  (Benjamin  M.).     Measurement  of  springs  in  Georgia. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
236-237,  1904. 

Describes  and  gives  results  of  measurements  of  flow  of  a  number  of 
large  springs  in  Georgia. 

203  Measurement  of  springs  in  Florida. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
274-275,  1904. 

Gives  description  and  statistics  of  flow  for  several  of  the  larger  springs 
in  Florida. 

204 Water  powers  of   Alabama,  with   an  appendix  on  stream 

measurements  in  Mississippi. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  107,  253  pp., 
1904. 

Gives  measurements  of  springs  in  Cahaba  (p.  129)  and  Tennessee 
(p.  207)  valleys. 


36  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  VM. 

205  HaU  (C.  M.),  Todd  (James  E.)  and.     Alexandria  folio,  South 

Dakota. 

IT.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  8.,  folio  no.  100,  pp.  6,  190.3. 
See  Todd  (J.  E.)  and  Hall  (C.  M.). 

206  Geology  and  water  resources  of  part  of   the  lower  James 

River  valley,  South  Dakota. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  90,  47  pp., 
1904. 

See  Todd  (James  E.)  and  Hall  (C.  M.). 

207  Hall  (Christopher  W.).     Minnesota.     [Well  and  spring  records.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
441-488,  1904. 

Discusses  the  general  underground  water  conditions  (pp.  441^43)  and 
gives  tables  or  notes  of  shallow  wells  (pp.  444-469),  deep  wells  (pp. 
470-480),  and  springs  (pp.  481-488).  The  shallow-well  data  include 
range  of  depth  of  village  wells,  source,  and  yield;  the  deep-well  data, 
depth,  source,  head,  yield,  quality,  and  uses;  and  the  spring  data,  tem- 
perature, quality  (including  analyses),  yield,  source,  uses,  etc. 

208  Hamlin  (Homer).     Water  resources  of  the  Salinas  Valle}",  v_yali- 

fornia. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  89,  91  pp., 
1904. 

Discusses  underground  waters  under  economic  geology  (pp.  21-23). 
Wells  of  stream  deposits  (p.  16);  well  statistics,  including  uses  for  irriga- 
tion, etc.  (pp.  21-31);  well  records  (pp.  31-32);  and  pumping  from 
wells  (pp.  82,  87)  are  other  subjects  considered. 

209  Harris    (Gilbert  Dennison),  Dall   (William  Healey)  and.     Cor- 

relation papers.     Neocene. 
See  Dall  (William  Healey)  and  Harris  (Gilbert  Dennison). 

210  Harris  (Gilbert   Dennison).     Underground  waters  of   southern 

Louisiana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  101,  pp. 
11-73,  1904. 

The  paper  includes  discussions  of  the  origin  of  underground  waters 
(pp.  12-14);  stratigraphy  of  southern  Louisiana,  including  Oligocene, 
Miocene,  and  Quaternary  horizons  (pp.  17-26);  well  statistics  and 
records  (pp.  30-61);  variation  in  flow  and  head  (pp.  61-67);  jetting  and 
rotary  processes  of  well  drilling  (pp.  68-71);  analyses  of  well  waters 
(pp.  44,47-48);  blowing  wells  (pp.  60-61);  and  pumping  and  use  of 
screens  (pp.  71-73).  A  brief  account  of  certain  Mississippi  wells  is 
included  (pp.  30-33). 

211  Hawkins  (R.).     Water  suppl}'  of  Livingston  County  [Missoui'i]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
410-416,  1904. 

Discusses  the  underground  water  conditions  and  gives  detailed  well 
records,  etc. 


FULLER.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  37 

212  Haworth    (EIrasmus).      Undero-round    waters    of    southwosteni 

Kansas, 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  <>,  j)p.  65, 
1897. 

This  paper  discusses  the  original  sources  (p.  11),  available  amounts 
(p.  14),  and  geological  conditions  of  ground  water  in  general  (p.  15), 
and  describes  the  types  and  methods  of  locating  ground  waters  (p.  18). 
The  descriptions  of  the  geography  and  geology  of  the  area  (pp.  19-37) 
are  followed  by  a  consideration  of  the  source,  occurrence,  properties, 
flow,  etc.,  of  the  waters  of  the  Dakota  sandstone  (pp.  38-43),  and  of  the 
Tertiary  formations  (pp.  43-57).  The  numerous  and  relatively  shallow 
wells  frequently  used  for  irrigation  and  the  springs  of  Meade  County 
are  considered  (pp.  48-56).  The  writer  concludes  that  there  is  an 
abundant  supply  both  in  the  Arkansas  Valley  and  on  the  uplands,  but 
better  means  of  raising  it  to  the  surface  are  needed  (p.  62). 

213  Hay  (Robert).      A   geological    reconnaissance   in    southwestern 

Kansas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  57,  pp.  49,  1890. 

Notes  occurrence  of  sulphate  of  lime  in  waters  of  Medicine  River 
Valley,  and  describes  the  occurrence  of  water  in  the  Dakota  sandstone 
and  in  the  Tertiary  grits.  Deep  salt  wells  and  borings  (pp.  25-26)  and 
artesian  wells  (pp.  13,  30,  48)  are  mentioned.  The  absorption  of  Bear 
Creek  by  its  gravels  is  described. 

214  Water  resources  of  a  portion  of  the  Great  Plains. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  16th  Ann.  Rept,  pt.  2,  pp.  535-588,  1896. 

Describes  and  gives  lists  of  springs  of  various  water  levels  (pp.  545- 
547 ) .  Other  topics  considered  are  sources,  catchment,  etc. ,  of  the  waters 
(pp.  550-557),  volume  (pp.  557-565),  artesian  flow  (pp.  565-567),  blow- 
ing wells  (pp.  567-568),  temperature  (p.  568),  geology  and  .topography 
(pp.  569-579),  water  horizons  of  the  Cretaceous,  Tertiary,  and  Pleisto- 
cene formations  (p.  580),  and  utilization  of  ground  waters  (pp.  585-586) . 
Considerable  supplies  are  obtainable,  but  not  enough  for  all  needs  of 
irrigation  and  other  purjioses  (pp.  586-588). 

215  Geolog}^  of  the  Fort  Riley  Military  Reservation  and  vicinity, 

Kansas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  137,  pp.  35,  1896. 

In  addition  to  the  topography,  geology,  paleontology,  etc.,  a  number 
of  copious  springs,  some  used  for  water  power,  the  flows  of  mineral 
waters  in  the  wells  of  Geary  County,  and  the  value  of  the  Carboniferous 
rocks.  Tertiary  gravels,  and  alluvium  as  sources  of  supplies  are  discussed 
(pp.  32-33).  The  occurrence  of  sinks  is  mentioned  (pp.  15,  16,  26, 
and  27). 

SIC)  Hayden  (F.  V.).     Administrative  report  [1S81-85]. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  6th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  48-53,  1885. 
Notes  progress  of  A.  C.  Peale  on  the  bibliography  of  mineral  waters 
and  the  preparation  of  a  statistical  paper  (p.  53). 

217  Administrative  report  [1885-86]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  7th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  85-87,  1888. 

Mentions  progress  of  work  on  mineral  springs,  and  notes  preparation 
of  a  second  statistical  jiapor  and  work  on  the  bibliography  of  mineral 
waters  bv  A.  C.  Peale. 


38  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  Tno.  120. 

218  Hayes  (C.  Willard).     Ringg'old  folio,  (icoi-<;ia-Tonnessoe. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  2,  pp.  3,  1894. 
Ascribes  the  segregation  of  hematite,  limonite,  and  manganese  ores  to 
the  action  of  percolating  underground  waters  (pp.  2-3). 

219  Kingston  folio,  Tennessee.  *- 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  4,  pp.  4,  1894. 

Notes  the  disappearance  of  streams  into  underground  channels  or 
caves,  and  discusses  the  formation  of  "coves"  or  amphitheaters  by  the 
solution  of  limestone  by  underground  waters  (p.  1). 

220  Chattanooga  folio,  Tennessee. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  6,  pp.  3,  1894. 
Disposition  of  limonite  is  referred  to  segregation  in  pockets  or  near  the 
surface  by  percolating  waters  (.p.  3). 

221  Cleveland  folio,  Tennessee. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  20,  pp.  4,  1895. 
Refers  the  disposition  of  limonite  ores  to  segregation  l)y  percolating 
waters  (p.  4). 

222  Pikeville  folio,  Tennessee. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  21,  pp.  4,  1895. 
Notes  the  occurrence  of  subterranean  channels  in  region  of  Crab 
Orchard  Mountains  (p.  1). 

223  The  Arkansas  beauxite  deposits. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  3,  pp.  435-472,  1901. 

Provisionally  ascribes  origin  of  deposits  to  waters  penetrating  to 
heated  syenite,  dissolving  parts  of  it,  and  returning  to  the  surface  as 
springs  depositing  beauxite  (pp.  461-466). 

224  Tennessee  white  phosphates. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  3,  pp.  473-485,  1901. 
Ascribes  origin  of  ores  to  deposition  from  solution  by  underground 
waters  in  limestone  cavities  (p.  479). 

225 Rome  folio.     Georgia- Alabama. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  U.  S.,  folio  no.  78,  p.  6,  1902. 

Assigns  the  derivation  of  the  limonite  ores  to  the  action  of  under- 
ground waters  upon  the  Beaver  limestone  along  its  contact  with  the 
Weisner  quartzite,  and  also  along  the  contact  of  the  Bangor  limestone 
with  the  Oxmoor  sandstone.  Some  iron  has  also  been  deposited  l)y 
thermal  springs  along  faults.  In  the  formation  of  beauxite  the  surface 
waters  i)enetrated  downward  to  the  Conasauga  shale  and,  after  dissolving 
out  aluminum  sulphate,  passed  upward  along  faults  and  deposited  piso- 
litic  grains  of  beauxite  in  springs  (p.  6). 

220  and  Kennedy  (William).     Oil  fields  of  the  Texas- Louisiana 

(Juif  Coastal  Plain. 
IJ.  S.  (Jeol.  Snrv.,  Bull.  no.  212,  p.  174,  1903. 

In  addition  to  the  discussion  of  oil  wells,  mention  or  description  is 
made  of  a  considerable  number  of  artesian  (pp.  18,  33,  87,  118,  122)  and 
thermal  wells  (pp.  60,  122).  Lists  of  wells  of  the  Jennings  district, 
Louisiana  (p.  130),  and  at  Spindletop,  Texas  (pp.  77-85,  103-104),  and 
records  of  a  large  number  of  gas,  oil,  and  water  wells  at  various  points 
are  given.  The  occurrence  of  sulphur  in  water  (pp.  17,  18)  and  the 
relaticju  of  salt  water  to  oil  (p.  119)  are  discussed.  A  description  of 
drilling  methods  is  also  given  (iij).  166-170). 


iri.LEn.l  EELATTXG    TO    T^NDEROROT^XD    WATERS.  39 

227  Hayes  (C  Wilhird).      Intioductioii.     Coiitiit)utioiis  a)  economic 
ocolooy,  1902. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Siirv.,  Bull.  no.  213,  pp.  9-14,  1903. 

Gives  a  table  of  the  geologic  folios  of  the  survey,  with  lists  of  mineral 
products,  including  underground  water,  artesian  water,  and  mineral 
spring?. 

22S  and  Eckel  (E.  C).     Iron  ores  of  the  Ctirtersville   district 

Georg'ia. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  213,  pp.  233-242,  1903. 
The  deposition  of  the  ores  is  referred  to  solutions  ascending  from  con- 
siderable depths  along  faults  and  other  lines  of  passage. 

229  Hayes  (C.   Willard).     Oil   tields  of    tiie  Texa.s-Loui.siana   Gulf 

Coastal  Plain. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  213,  pp.  345-352,  1903. 

Describes  the  occurrence  of  salt  water  in  the  Spindletop  pool  (p.  350). 

230  origin  and  extent  of  Tennessee  white  phosphates. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  213,  pp.  418-423,  1903. 
Ores  were  deposited  in  quiet  waters  in  caverns  in  the  limestone, 
sometimes  under  hydrostatic  pressure. 

231  and  Eckel  (E.  C).     Occurrence  and  development  of  ocher 

deposits  in  the  Cartersville  district,  Georgia. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  213,  pp.  427-432,  1903. 

Notes  the  admission  of  surface  waters  to  great  depths  by  faults,  and 
discusses  the  nature  and  movements  of  ^-ater  connected  with  the  forma- 
tion of  the  ores  (p.  429). 

232  and  Ulrich  (Edward  O.).     Columbia  folio,  Tennessee. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  95,  6  pp.,  1903. 

Notes  the  occurrence  of  sinks,  caves,  and  underground  streams  in  the 
St.  Louis  limestone.  Ordovician  phosphates  are  ascribed  to  leaching  of 
phosphatic  limestones  by  acid  surface  waters  along  joint  planes,  etc. 
( PP-  '"'~*^ )  •  '^h^  origin  of  blanket  deposits  througli  underground  circula- 
tion and  of  collar  deposits  through  capillary  circulation  are  also  con- 
sidered (p.  6). 

233  Hayes  (C.   Willard).     Introduction:    Contributions  to  econoniic 

geology,  1903. 

r.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp.  11-17,  1904. 

Gives  list  of  Survey  publications  and  notes  folios  in  which  discussions 
of  underground  waters  ai^pear. 

231  Herrick  (H.  N.).     Gypsum  deposits  in  New  Mexico. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  223,  pp.  89-99,  1904. 

Notes  presence  of  salt  and  hydrogen  sulphide  in  wells  penetrating 
the  gypsum  (p.  92),  and  the  occurrence  of  sinks  due  to  the  solution  of 
gypsum. 

235  Hilgard  (E.  W.).     Salines  of  Louisiana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  1882,  pp.  554-565,  1883. 
'   Considers  the  wells  and  springs  affording  brines. 


40  BTBLIOGEAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

236  Hill  (Benjamin  F.).     Gj'psiim  deposits  in  Texas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  223,  pp.  68-73,  1904. 

Notes  impregnation  of  springs  with  gypsum,  salt,  and  sulphur  (p.  71), 
and  mentions  the  filling  of  caves  by  the  former  mineral  (p.  72). 

237  Hill  (Robert  T.).     The  present  condition  of   knowledge   of   the 

geology  of  Texas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  45,  pp.  95,  1887. 

Describes  the  artesian-well  experiment  under  Capt.  John  Pope  in 
1857-8  (p.  27). 

238  Administrative  report. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  15th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  170-171,  1895. 
Describes  artesian  investigations  in  Texas  (p.  171). 

239  and  Vaughan   (T.    Wayland).     Geology   of   the   Edwards 

Plateau  and  Rio  Grande  Plain  adjacent  to  Austin  and  San 
Antonio,  Texas,  with  reference  to  the  occurrence  of  under- 
ground water. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  193-321,  1898. 

Discusses  the  geography  (pp.  201-212),  geology  (pp.  215-260),  arte- 
sian principles  (pp.  212-215),  capacity  of  formations  (pp.  260-264),  and 
the  underground  waters,  including  artesian  and  nonflowing  wells  and 
springs  of  the  Edwards  Plateau  (pp.  264-274)  and  the  Rio  Grande  Plain 
(pp.  274-321).  The  identity  of  artesian  and  fissure  spring  waters  in  the 
latter,  the  source  of  the  water,  prospecting,  chemical  analyses,  spring 
rivers,  and  fault  springs  are  also  considered,  and  the  Edwards  limestone 
and  Travis  Peak  foundation  discussed  as  sources  of  supply. 

240  and  Vaughan  (T.  Wayland).     Nueces  folio,  Texas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  42,  pp.  4,  1898. 

Describes  caverns  in  limestones  (p.  1) ,  the  honeycombed  rocks  of  the 
Edwards  formation  (pp.  2-3),  and  notes  the  occurrence  of  springs  and 
spring  rivers  throughout  the  Cretaceous  (p.  2).  Springs  are  divided 
into  two  groups,  the  fault  springs,  as  those  from  Austin  to  Del  Rio,  and 
the  gravity  springs,  as  those  of  the  Edwards  formation  (p.  3).  Mentions 
the  value  of  the  Comanche  Peak  formation  as  a  horizon  marker  in  locat- 
ing underground  waters  (p.  2).  The  Kickapoo  water  bed  at  the  base  of 
the  Edwards  formation,  the  Black  Water  Hole  beds  150  feet  higher, 
and  the  still  higher  Justice  Spring  horizon  are  described.  They  give 
nonflowing  wells  except  along  the  Balcones  fault  (p.  4).  AVater  is  pre- 
dicted in  the  Trinitv  beds  500  feet  below  the  Comanche  Peak  limestone 
(p.  4). 

241  Hill  (Rol)ert  T.).     Mineral  resources  of  Porto  Rico. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  20th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  6  cont.,  pp.  771-778,  1899. 

Reports  several  thermal  and  mineral  springs,  some  of  which  have 
l)een  improved  by  the  construc^tion  of  baths,  etc.  Sulphur  and  ferrugi- 
nous waters  are  the  most  common.  An  analysis  of  Coamo  water  is 
given  (pp.  775-776). 


FULLER.!  RELATING   TO   UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  41 

242  Hill  (Robert  T.).     Geooraph}^  and  geology  of  the  Black  and  Grand 

prairies,  Texas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  7,  pp.  1-666,  1900. 

An  elaborate  report  covering  the  geography  of  the  Texas  region, 
especially  of  the  Black  and  Grand  prairies  (pp.  25-85),  the  geology 
(pp.  86-386),  principles  of  the  occurrence  of  underground  waters  (pp. 
387-394),  the  artesian  well  systems  of  Texas  (pp.  394-451),  chemistry 
of  the  waters  (pp.  447-451),  and  the  artesian  conditions  of  Black  and 
Grand  prairies  by  counties  (pp.  452-649).  The  suppUes  are  from  the 
Cretaceous,  including  the  base  of  the  Trinity,  a  portion  of  the  Glen 
Rose,  the  Paluxy,  a  part  of  the  beds  of  the  Edwards,  Woodbine,  and 
Denison  formations  and  theCorsicana  sands  of  the  Navarro  beds  (p.  419). 

243  and  Vaughan  (T.  Wayland).     Austin  folio,  Texas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  76,  pp.  8,  1902. 

Notes  the  occurrence  of  interrupted  streams  and  describes  the  springs 
of  the  honeycombed  Edwards  limestone  (p.  2).  The  quadrangle  is 
underlain  by  the  Trinity  group,  which  should  furnish  water  rising 
600  feet  above  sea  level.  The  variations  in  depth  of  the  beds  are 
described  (p.  8). 

244  Hills  (Richard  Charles).     Elmoro  folio,  Colorado. 

U.  8.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  58,  pp.  5,  1899. 

Describes  the  artesian  waters  of  the  Dakota  sandstone,  together  with 
the  position,  thickness,  and  depth  of  that  bed.  Strong  flows  are  not 
pi'obable,  but  small  flows  can  be  obtained  in  Purgatory  Valley  and  else- 
where. The  occurrence  of  springs  is  noted.  In  addition  to  the  descrip- 
tions, a  map  showing  the  outcrop  of  the  water  horizon  and  the  extent 
of  and  depths  to  the  water  bed  in  the  flowing  and  nonflowing  areas  is 
given  (pp.  4-5). 

245  Walsenburg  folio,  Colorado. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  68,  pp.  6,  1900. 

Describes  the  Dakota  sandstone  anti  Lower  Eocene  beds  and  discusses 
the  structure  of  the  quadrangle.  The  prospects  for  flowing  and  non- 
flowing  wells  and  the  methods  and  cost  of  boring  are  considered,  and 
the  requisite  conditions  of  artesian  water  are  noted.  A  map  showing 
the  areas  of  outcrop  of  the  Dakota  sandstone  and  the  Poison  Canyon 
formation,  the  flowing,  nonflowing,  and  unproductive  areas,  and  the 
depth  to  the  Dakota  sandstone  is  given. 

246 Spanish  peaks  folio,  Colorado. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  71,  pp.  7,  1901. 

Discusses  artesian  conditions  and  the  present  and  prospective  supplies, 
and  describes  the  Dakota  sandstone  and  Poison  Canyon  formation. 
Notes  the  occurrence  of  springs.  Gives  a  map  showing  areas  underlain 
by  water-bearing  formations  and  the  depth  to  the  Dakota  sandstone.  - 

247  Hobbs  (William  Herbert).     The  Newark  system  of  the  Pompe- 
rang  Valley,  Connecticut. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  3,  pp.  7-162,  1900. 
Considers  the  rectilinear  arrangement  of  certain  springs  as  indicating 
fault  lines  (pp.  91-93). 


42  BTBLTOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

248  Holgate  (II.  L.).     The  legal  status  of  irrigation. 

r.  S.  Cieol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  ra])er  no.  93,  pp. 
l3<J6-:;00,  1904. 

Devotes  a  section  to  underground  waters,  giving  characteristic  court 
decisions  relating  thereto  (p.  299). 

249  HoUick  (Arthur).     Cretaceous  deposits  of  Staten  Island.     New 

York  Cit^y  folio.  New  York-New  Jersey. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  83,  pp.  10-11,  1902. 
Notes  the  importance  of  the  Cretaceous  beds  as  a  source  of  water  sup- 
ply, and  mentions  the  drift  and  serpentine  as  additional  sources. 

250  Hood  (Ozni  Porter).     New  tests  of  certain  pumps  and  water  lifts 

used  in  irrigation. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  14,  pp.  91, 
1898. 

A  critical  discuission  of  the  various  pumps  and  lifts  used  to  raise 
underground  waters  to  the  surface. 

251  Hoyt  (John  C).     Report  of  progress  of  stream  measurements 

for  the  calendar  year  1903.     Part  4,  Interior  Basin,  Pacific, 
and  Hudson  Bay  drainage. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  100,  i)p. 
533,  1904. 

Gives  spring  measurements  in  Nevada  (p.  227),  mentions  the  springs 
of  the  San  Francisco  district  (p.  277),  describes  briefly  underflow  and 
seepage  at  certain  points  in  southern  California  (p.  339),  and  gives  yield 
of  wells  and  pumping  plants  in  the  same  region  (pp.  355-356). 

252  Hutson  (William  Ferguson).     Irrigation  systems  of  Texas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  13,  pp.  68, 
1S9S. 

Discusses  the  pumping  of  underground  waters  for  irrigation  in  the 
East  (hilf  Coast  region  (pp.  25-27),  in  central  Texas  (p.  29),  along  the 
Colorado  River  (p.  33),  on  the  Llano  Estacado  (pp.  59-62),  and  at 
Laredo,  Hidalgo,  and  Brownsville  (pp.  58-59).  The  strong  artesian 
flows  near  San  Antonio  and  in  the  Pecos  Valley,  and  the  great  San 
Manros  and  Comal  springs,  together  with  the  smaller  springs  of  tlie 
Pecos  Valley,  are  also  des(Tibed. 

253  Hydrography,  Division  of.     Opei-ations  at  river  stations,  1899. 

l*art  2. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  36,  pp.  198, 
1900. 

(Jives  the  results  of  a  nunilicr  of  spring  measurements  in  Georgia  (pp. 
147-148). 

254  Operations  at  river  stations,  1899.     Part  3. 

r.  S.  (h'oI.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  37,  pp.  298, 
1900. 

Gives  the  result  of  spring  measurements  at  Columbus,  Nebr.  (p.  276), 
and  des(Tibes  the  big  well  at  Uvalde,  Tex.,  and  the  Las  Moras  and  San 
Keli]>e  springs,  Texas  (p.  277).  The  flow  of  the  springs  is  60  and  84 
second-feet,  respectively. 


rrr.LEi;/!  RELATINCx    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  48 

•j:>:>  Hydrography,  Division  of.     Operations  at  i-ivor  stations,  1SJ>1), 
Part  .5. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  39,  pp.  471, 
1900. 

Gives  measurements  of  the  tiows  of  artesian  wells  i«n  the  San  Benar- 
dino  Valley,  California  (p.  423). 

256  Operations  at  river  stations,  1900.     Part  'A. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  49,  pp.  292, 
1901. 

Discusses  the  underground  water  supply  of  the  South  Platte  Basin, 
Colorado  (p.  279). 

257  Operations  at  river  stations,  1900.     Part.  4. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  50,  pp.  387, 
1901. 

Discusses  seepage  in  Colorado  (pp.  299-306,  320)  and  considers  the 
underground  waters  of  Arkansas  Basin,  Colorado  (p.  320).  The  Bar- 
ton (p.  335),  San  Antonio  (p.  340),  Leona  (p.  342),  San  Felipe  (p.  345), 
Toyale  (p. 361),  Saragos.sa  (p.  362),  and  the  springs  of  Lampasas  River  (p. 
335),  Nueces  River  (p.  343),  and  Mud  Creek  (p.  345),  all  of  Texas,  are 
described  or  mentioned,  as  are  also  the  artesian  wells  of  the  San  Anto- 
nio (p.  340). 

258    Operations  at  river  stations,  1900.     Part  5. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  51,  pp.  487, 
1901. 

Gives  a  number  of  discharge  measurements  of  wells  in  California 
(pp.  482-484). 

259  Operations  at  river  stations,  1900.     Part  6. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  WaterrSupply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  52,  pp.  575, 
1901. 
Describes  the  construction  of  wells  in  southern  California  ( pp.  497-498) . 

260  Operations  at  river  stations,   1901.     Part  2  (west  of  Mis- 

sissippi River), 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paj)erno.  66,  jip.  188, 
1902. 

Notes  the  source  of  Mill  Creek,  Texas,  in  springs  (p.  62),  and 
describes  the  Carrizo  Springs  of  Texas  (p.  63)  and  the  soda  springs  near 
the  Tieton  River,  Washington  (p.  135).  An  analysis  of  the  waters  of 
the  Carrizo  Springs  (well)  is  given  (p.  63). 


261  Iddings  (Joseph  P.)  and  Weed  (Walter  H.).     Livingstone  folio, 

Montana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  1,  pp.  4,  1894. 
Describes  travertine  of  present  and  extinct  hot  springs  (p.  3). 

262  Irving  (John  Duer).     Economic  resources  of  the  northern  Black 

Hills. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Professional  Paper  no.  26,  pp.  222,  1904. 

Mentions  the  relation  of  underground  waters  to  ore  dep'osits  or  min- 
eralization (pp.  110,  136,  190),  and  gives  a  more  comi)lete  discussion  on 
pp.  155-157. 


44  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPEBS  [no.  120. 

263  Irving  (Roland  Duer).     On  secondary  enlargements  of  mineral 

fragments   in   certain    rocks:    Summary   of   general   con- 
clusions. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  8,  pp.  48-52,  1884. 

Ascribes  enlargement  of  quartz  grains  in  the  Huron,  Potsdam,  and 
St.  Peters  quartzites  to  deposition  from  interstitiallv  percolating  waters 
(p.  49). 

J. 

264  Jack  (John  G.).     Pikes  Peak,  Plum   Creek,  and   South   Platte 

[forest]  reserves. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  20tli  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  5,  pp.  39-115,  1899. 
Notes  the  springs  of  the  South  Platte  reserve  (p. 92). 

265  Johnson  (Lawrence  C.)  Smith  (Eugene  A.)  and.     Tertiary  and 

Cretaceous  strata  of  the  Tuscaloosa,  Tombigbee,  and  Ala- 
bama rivers. 

See  Smith  (Eugene  A.)  and  Johnson  (Lawrence  C. ) 

266  Johnson   (Laurence   C.)   and   Eckel   (Edwin   C).     Mississippi. 

[Well  records.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
332-357,  1904. 

Considers  briefly  the  general  underground  water  conditions  and  gives 
a  table  of  geologic  and  water  horizons  (pp.  332-333).  Tables  of  a  large 
number  of  wells,  giving  depths,  head,  quality,  supply,  geologic  horizon 
of  water,  etc.,  are  included. 

267  Johnson  (Willard  D.).     The  high  plains  and  their  utilization. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  601-741,  1900. 

Describes  their  character,  origin,  geological  structure,  and  climate 
(pp.  609-679),  and  notes  the  necessity  of  additional  water  supplies  (pp. 
680-691).  The  occurrence  of  underground  waters,  including  the  catch- 
ment through  basins,  sinks,  sod  cracks,  etc.,  resulting  from  solution  or 
caving  of  Tertiary  or  Cretaceous  beds  is  discussed,  and  the  ground 
water  conditions  of  the  Meade  artesian  basin  and  other  regions  described. 
Botli  wells  and  springs  are  considered  (pp.  702-741). 

268  The  high  plains  and  their  utilization. 

r.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  22d  Aim.  Rept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  631-669,  1901. 

(lives  a  physical  description  of  the  plains  (pp.  637-640)  and  considers 
the  occurence  and  origin  of  the  underground  waters  (pj).  640-642). 
There  appears  to  be  enough  water  for  watering  stock,  but  not  enougli 
for  extensive  irrigation,  except  in  valleys.  Tlie  importance  of  correct 
well  construction  is  emphasized  (p.  669). 


269  Keith  (Arthur).     Knoxvillc  folio,  Tennessee-North  Carohna. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  No.  16,  pp.  6,  1895. 

Describes  springs  and  other  sources  of  water  sujipiy  of  the  region  of 
the  Knox  dolomite,  and  notes  tiic  vaiur  of  spring-iVd  streams  for  water 
power. 


FULLi:i!.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  45 

270  Keith  (Arthur).     London  folio,  Tennessee. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  V.  S.,  folio  no.  25,  pp.  6,  1896. 

Describes  underground  drainage  through  sinks  into  the  Rutledge  lime- 
stone, and  in  the  Knox  dolomite  (p.  3).  States  that  the  abun<lant 
springs  of  the  region  give  rise  to  streams  affording  permanent  power 
(p.  6). 

271  — —  Morristown  folio,  Tennessee. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  27,  pp.  5,  1896. 

Mentions  the  underground  drainage  of  the  Knox  dolomite  and  that 
through  sinks  into  subterranean  channels  in  the  Rutledge  limestone  ( p.  2) . 
Steady  water  power  is  derived  from  streams  fed  chiefly  by  springs. 

272  Briceville  folio,  Tennessee. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  F.  S.,  folio  no.  32,  pp.  4,  1896. 
Describes  the  underground  drainage  and  sinks  of  the  Knox  dolomite 

(p.  2). 

273  Maynardville  folio,  Tennessee. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv., Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  75,  pp.  6,  1901. 

Notes  the  underground  drainage  and  sinks  of  the  Rutledge  limestone 
and  Knox  dolomite  (p.  2)  and  mentions  the  sulphur  springs  of  the 
Chattanooga  shale  (p.  4). 

27-i  Cranberry  folio. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  90,  pp.  9,  1903. 
Mentions  the  occurrence  of  multitudes  of  springs  feeding  the  streams, 
many  of  which  have  valuable  Avater  powers. 

275  •  Recent  zinc  mining  in  East  Tennessee. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp.  208-218,  1904. 
Notes  deposition  of  ores  by  ground  waters  and  the  occurrence  of  hot 
springs  in  limestones  (p.  212). 

276  Kennedy  (William)  Hayes,    (C.   W.)    and.     Oil    fields  of  the 

Texas-Louisiana  Gulf  Coastal  Plain. 
See  Hayes  (C.  W. )  and  Kennedy  (William). 

277  King  (Franklin  Hiram).     Principles  and  conditions  of  the  move- 

ments of  ground  water. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  59-294,  1897. 

Among  the  subjects  discussed  are  the  water-holding  capacity  of  soils 
and  rocks  (pp.  70-71);  the  gravitational,  thermal,  capillary,  and  seepage 
movements,  and  movements  due  to  crust  deformation  and  rock  consoli- 
dation (pp.  71-94);  experimental  investigations  of  movements  through 
wire  gauze,  tubes,  rocks,  sands,  soils,  etc.  (pp.  107-206);  movements 
through  sand  and  rock  in  nature  (pp.  207-292);  influence  on  flow  of 
form,  diameter,  and  arrangement  of  grains  (pp.  207-218,  228-242); 
determination  of  pore  space  and  size  of  grains  (pp.  218-228);  movements 
over  wide  areas  and  in  fissures  (pp.  245-250);  interference  of  wells  (pp. 
276-279);  flow  into  wells  (pp.  279-289);  computation  of  capacity  {pp. 
289-290);  flow  into  driven  well  points  (pp.  290-292),  and  rate  of  pump- 
ing of  different  classes  of  wells  (pp.  292-293). 


4(;  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  1120. 


278  La  Forge  (Laurence)  Crosby  (William  O.)  and.     Massachusetts. 

[Well  and  spring-  records.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
94-111,  1904. 

See  Crosby  (William  O. )  and  La  Forge  (Laurence). 

279  Lane  (Alfred  C).     Water  resources  of  the  lower  peninsula  of 

Michigan. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  30.  pp.  97, 
1899. 

Treats  of  the  uses  of  surface  and  underground  waters  (pp.  11^8),  cli- 
mate (pp.  48-57),  well  temperatures  (p.  56),  geology  and  topography, 
including  descriptions  of  shallow  wells,  methods  of  sinking  wells 
(p.  69),  deep  wells  of  the  Carboniferous,  Devonian,  and  Silurian  rocks 
(pp.  77-89),  rock  structure  (pp.  90-91),  and  prospects  in  various  dis- 
tricts (pp.  91-94). 

280  Lower  Michigan  mineral  waters.     (A  stud}-  into  the  connec- 

tion  between   their   chemical   composition   and    mode   of 
occurrence.) 

TI.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  31,  pp.  97, 
1899. 

Considers  the  economic  value  of  water  (pp.  12-14)  and  discusses 
analyses  of  the  waters  of  lakes,  streams,  w^ells,  springs,  etc.  (pp.  14-57) . 
The  chemistry  of  the  waters  of  the  various  geological  formations, 
including  the  Marshall  and  Berea  Grit  and  the  Devonian  and  Silurian 
limestones,  is  treated  at  some  length  (pp.  58-86).  Special  attention  is 
given  to  the  brines  (pp.  66-70). 

281  Langille    (H.    D.).      Forest   conditions   in   the   Cascade    Forest 

Reserve,  Oregon:  Northern  portion  of  Cascade  Range  For- 
est Reserve. 

U.  S.  Geol.  S-urv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  9,  pp.  27-69,  1903. 
Describes  hot  mineral  springs  (p.  28). 

282  Lee    (Willis   T.).      Underground   waters   of    Salt  River  Valle}- 

[Arizona]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  2d  Ann.  Kept.  Reclamation  Service,  1902-3,  pt. 
73-76,  1904. 

Describes  the  underflow  and  the  various  water  horizons.  Pumping 
for  irrigation  is  proposed. 

283  The  underground  waters  of  (Jila  Valley,  Arizona. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  104,  pp.  71, 
1904. 

Among  the  topics  discussed  are  wells  (pp.  14-23),  return  waters 
(pp.  23-25),  underflow,  including  rate  of  movement  and  volume 
dtp.  26-03,  67,68),  composition  of  ground  waters,  including  analyses 
(l)]..  15,20,  57,61),  well  descriptions  and  records  (pp.  14-23),  capacity 
of  wells  and  well  tests  (pp.  16-18),  seepage  ditches  (pp.  23-25,  51--52), 
porosity  of  gravels  (pp.  47-48),  experiments  with  underflow  (pp.  40-47), 
and  pumping  plants  (pp.  52-57). 


FULLEU.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROITND    WATERS.  47 

2S4  Leiberg  (John  B.).     Priest  River  Forest  Reserve  [Idaho]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  19th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  5,  pp.  217-252,  1898. 
In  connection  with  the  discussion  of  water  suppHes  tlie  collection  of 
water  in  fissured  granite  and  its  emergence  as  springs  is  noted  (p.  220) . 

285  Bitterroot  Forest  Reserve  [Montana]. 

U.  8.  Geol.  Surv.,  19th  Ann.  Rept,  pt.  5,  pp.  253-282,  1898. 
Springs  are  numerous  and  give  rise  to  small  streams.     It  is  thought 
that  they  might  be  used  for  irrigation  (pp.  259-260). 

286  Tiie  San  Gabriel  Forest  Reserve  [California]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  20th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  5,  pp.  411-428,  1899. 
Notes  the  absorption  of  water  into  the  rocks  and  the  reappearance  as 
springs  (p.  415). 

287  The  San  Bernardino  Forest  Reserve. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  20th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  5,  pp.  429-454,  1899. 

Notes  the  disappearance  of  streams  in  gravel  (p.  433)  and  mentions 
the  practice  of  tunneling  to  intercept  ground  water  (p.  435).  Describes 
the  artesian  basins  of  the  reserve  (p.  435). 

288  — —  Cascade  Rang'c  Forest  Reserve  [Oregon];    .Vshland  Forest 

Reserve. 
U.  S.  (leol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Rept.,  i>t.  5,  pp.  209-198,  1900. 
Notes  the  occurrence  of  large  springs  giving  rise  to  streams  (p.  225) 
and  the  presence  of  hot  springs  (p.  229).     Mention  is  made  of  the  dis- 
appearance of  streams  into  the  lava  (p.  231). 

289  Forest  conditions  in   the  Cascade  Forest  Reserve,  Oregon: 

Southern  part  of  the  Cascade  Range  Forest  Reserve. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  9,  pp.  229-289,  1903. 

Describes  springs  (pp.  239,  264,  281,  283)  and  notes  absorption  of 
water  by  pumice  (p.  234)  and  by  fissures  in  the  lava  (pp.  276,  281). 

290 Rixon    (Theodore    F.),    and   DodweU   (Arthur).     Detailed 

descriptions  [of  timber  of  townships].     Forest  conditions  in 
the  San  Francisco  Mountains  Forest  Reserve,  Arizona. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  22,  pp.  35-91,  1904. 
Gives  occasional  references  to  springs  in  connection  with  discussion 
of  forest  conditions. 

291  Leiberg  (John  B.).     Forest  conditions  in  the  Little  Belt  Mountains 

Forest  Reserve,  Montana,  and  the  Little  Belt  Mountains 
Quadrangle. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  30,  75  pp.,  1904. 

Mentions  springs  under  "Drainage  conditions"  in  some  of  the  town- 
sliip  descriptions. 

292  Leighton  (Marshall  Ora).     Sewage  pollution  in  the  metropolitan 

area  near  New  York  City  and  its  effect  on  inland  water 
resources. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  AVater-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  72,  p]).  75, 
1902. 

Discusses  the  normal  composition  of  underground  waters,  including 
the  normal  chlorine,  and  mentions  the  loss  of  mechanical  sediments 
and  gain  in  material  in  solution  in  the  jjassage  of  water  into  the  ground. 


48  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

293  Leighton  (Marshall  Ora).     Normal  and  polluted  waters  in  north- 

eastern United  States.   ' 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  79,  pp.  192, 
1903. 

Notes  the  removal  of  albuminoid  ammonia  by  natural  filtration  and 
discusses  the  normal  composition,  especially  the  chlorine  constituent  of 
ground  and  seepage  waters.  Points  out  the  necessity  of  storing  such 
waters  in  covered  reservoirs  on  account  of  the  abundant  nitrates  which 
favor  algous  growth  ( pp.  22-31 ) . 

294  Quality  of  water  in  the  Susquehanna  River  drainage  basin. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  108,  76  pp., 
1904. 

Describes  coal  mine  waters  (pp.  24-26)  and  the  underground  waters 
of  the  Chemung  Valley  of  New  York  and  Pennsylvania  (pp.  51-52), 
the  west  branch  of  the  Susquehanna  (pp.  53-56)  and  the  Juniata  (pp. 
63-65) .  Analyses  of  waters  from  mines,  springs,  wells,  and  streams  are 
given. 

295  Leith  (Charles  Kenneth),  Van  Hise  (Charles  Richard),  Clements 

(J.    Morgan)    and.      Iron-ore    deposits  of  Lake   Superior 
region. 
See  Van  Hise  (C.  R. ),  and  Leith  (C.  K. ),  and  Clements  (J.  Morgan). 

290  Leith  (Charles  Kenneth).  The  Mesabi  iron-bearing  district  of 
Minnesota. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  43,  316  pp.,  1903. 

Discusses  the  relation  of  water  level  to  ores,  waters  in  mines,  etc.  (pp. 
234-235),  the  processes  of  alteration,  including  analyses  (p.  265)  and  the 
laws  of  circulation  (pp.  265-272).  The  ores  are  considered  to  have  Ijeen 
derived  from  greenalite-bearing  sedimentarj'  rocks  or  from  carbonates 
by  the  action  of  underground  waters  (pp.  237-238),  the  alteration  taking 
place  both  above  and  below  the  water  level.  The  presence  of  phos- 
phates in  waters  from  ores  and  the  concentration  of  the  ores  by  water 
is  considered  (pp.  274-275),  and  the  influence  of  percolating  water  in 
the  formation  of  other  Lake  Superior  ores  is  noted  (pp.  277-279). 

297 Geologic  work  in  the  Lake  Superior  iron  district.  1902. 

-     U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  213,  pp.  247-250,  1903. 

Considers  the  relation  of  underground  waters  to  ore  deposition  ( pj). 
249-250). 

298  Iron  ores  in  southern  Utah. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp.  228-237,  1904. 

Notes  agency  of  percolating  waters  in  ore  deposition  (p.  235). 

299  The  Lake  Superior  iron  region  during  1903. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp.  215-220,  1904. 
Notes  deposition  of  ores  of  Menominee  district,  Michigan,  by  circulat- 
ing waters  (p.  216). 


ruLLEH.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  49 

300  Leverett  (Frank).     The  water  resources  of  Illinois. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  17th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  695-849,  1896. 

Considers  topography  and  drainage  (pp.  703-717),  rainfall  (pp.  718- 
730),  run-off  (pp.  730-742),  navigable  waters  (pp.  744-746),  water 
powers  (pp.  746-748),  drift  and  shallow  and  deep  rock  wells,  supplies  for 
towns  or  cities  (pp.  748-765),  and  rural  supplies  (pp.  765-782).  A  chap- 
ter is  devoted  to  artesian  wells,  including  a  discussion  of  the  geology  and 
of  the  altitude,  capacity,  casing,  head,  and  quality  of  water  (pp.  785- 
818).     A  considerable  number  of  analyses  are  given  (pp.  819-829). 

301  The  water  resources  of  Indiana  and  Ohio. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  419-559,  1897. 

After  considering  the  physical  features,  drainage,  lakes,  etc.,  of  the 
region  (pp.  426-474)  a  discussion  of  underground  waters,  including 
wells  of  the  drift,  shallow  and  deep  rock  wells,  subterranean  drainage 
lines,  springs,  analyses  of  the  waters,  etc.,  is  given  (pp.  474-501).  This 
is  followed  by  extended  descriptions  of  the  water  supplies  of  cities  and 
villages  (pp.  502-559). 

302  The  Illinois  glacial  lobe. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  38,  817  pp.,  1899. 

Gives  a  chapter  on  the  wells  of  Illinois  (pp.  550-787),  in  which  a  classi- 
fication of  underground  waters,  a  discussion  of  artesian  conditions,  and 
detailed  descriptions  of  the  wells  by  counties,  with  many  records,  are 
included. 

303  ^  Wells  of  northern  Indiana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  21,  pp.  82, 
1899. 

Gives  maps  showing  distribution  of  drift  and  the  relation  of  wells  to 
the  drift.  Discusses  the  general  conditions  of  underground  supplies  and 
describes  and  gives  records  of  many  wells,  both  flowing  and  nonflowing. 

304  Wells  of  southern  Indiana.    (Continuation  of  Water  Supply 

and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  21.) 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  26,  pp.  64, 
1899. 

Discusses  the  relations  of  wells  to  the  geology,  including  both  drift 
and  rock,  and  describes  and  gives  records  of  a  large  number  of  wells. 

305  Danville  folio,  Illinois-Indiana.     Underground  water. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  67,  pp.  7-9,  1900. 

Gives  a  detailed  discussion  of  underground  waters  and  of  wells, 
including  both  open  and  tubular,  flowing  and  nonflowing,  and  drift  and 
rock  types.  The  problems  of  catchment  and  head  are  considered. 
More  than  a  hundred  records  giving  altitude,  depth,  head,  etc.,  are 
included. 

306  Glacial  formations  and  drainage  features  of  the  Erie  and 

Ohio  basins. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  41,  802  pp.,  1902. 

No  special  discussion  of  the  waters  of  the  drift  is  given,  although 
many  incidental  i^eferences  to  wells  and  records  are  included,  especially 
to  the  flowing  wells  of  Ohio  (see  index  of  monograph). 
lER  120—05 4  _^ 

Of   THE 


50  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

307  Lindgren  (Waldemar)  and   Turner   (H.  W.).     Mary.sville  folio, 

California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  17,  pp.  2,  1895. 

Gives  deep-well  records  at  Marysville  Buttes  and  discusses  the  value 
of  wells  as  sources  of  w^ater  supply.  Some  of  the  water  is  charged  with 
carbonates  and  sulphates. 

308  Lindgren  (Waldemar).     The  g-old  quartz  veins  of  Nevada  Citj^ 

and  Grass  Valley  districts,  California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  17th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  1-262,  1896. 

Notes  the  occurrence  of  strong  ascending  springs  along  the  quartz 
veins  (pp.  120-124),  and  ascribes  the  deposition  of  the  ores  to  ascending 
thermal  waters  containing  carbonates,  silica,  alkaline  sulphates  and  sul- 
phides, and  metals  (pp.  173,  262).  Analyses  of  the  water  and  deposits 
show  carbonates  and  suli^hates  of  Ca,  Mg,  Mn,  As,  Fe,  Pb,  Mo,  etc., 
and  silica  (pp.  121-123).  The  amount  of  silica  is  compared  with  that 
of  waters  of  Iceland  geysers.  Steamboat  Springs,  Nebraska,  and  Yellow- 
stone National  Park  (p.  176). 

309  The  mining  districts  of  the  Idaho  Basin  and  the  Boise  Ridge, 

Idaho. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  3,  pp.  617-719,  1897. 
Notes  the  occurrence  of  a  hot  mineral  spiring  on  a  fault  at  Warm 
Spring  (p.  667). 

310  — —  Boise  folio,  Idaho. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  45,  pp.  7,  1898. 

Notes  the  use  of  springs  for  irrigation  (p.  1).  The  springs  are  esi)e- 
cially  numerous  and  copious  in  the  sheeted  granite  area.  Several  large 
springs,  some  hot  and  w'eakly  mineralized,  occur  in  the  Payette  forma- 
tion. The  artesian  wells  of  the  granite  and  of  the  Neocene  and  Pleisto- 
cene formations,  especially  the  Payette,  are  considered  and  the  best 
locations  discussed.  The  occurrence  of  hot  artesian  mineral  waters  near 
Boise  is  noted  (p.  7). 

311  The  gold  and  silver  veins  of  Silver  City,  De  Lamar,  and 

other  mining  districts  in  Idaho. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  20th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  3,  pp.  65-256,  1899. 

Describes  silicious  spring  deposits  with  some  gold  and  silver  deposited 
by  thermal  waters  at  De  Lamar  (pp.  103-104),  and  the  hydrothermal 
alteration  of  granite,  basalt,  and  rhyolite  are  discussed  from  the  chem- 
ical side  (pp.  174-186).  Notes  the  occurrence  of  hot  artesian  waters 
carrying  gold  and  silver  at  De  Lamar  (p.  187),  and  mentions  the  deposi- 
tion of  ores  })y  carbonated  waters  in  the  Wood  River  district  (p.  217). 

312  Colfax  folio,  California. 

V.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  66,  pp.  10,  1900. 

Mentions  the  numerous  and  copious  springs  of  the  igneous  rocks  and 
in  the  auriferous  Neocene  river  gravels.  They  sometimes  interfere 
seriously  with  mining  (p.  10). 

313  The  gold  belt  of  the  Blue  Mountains  of  Oregon. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  22d  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  551-776,  1901. 

Notes  the  occurrence  of  ascending  thermal  waters  (p.  615)  and 
describes  thermal  mineral  springs  and  their  dejiosits,  giving  analyses 
(pp.  641-642).  , 


lULLEu.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  51 

314  Lindgren  (Waklemar.)    The  water  resources  of  Molokai,  Hawaiian 

Islands. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper,  no.  77,  pp.  62, 
1903. 

Discusses  the  physical  conditions  (p.  9-26),  ground-water  conditions, 
quality,  etc.  (pp.  26-28),  low  and  high  level  springs  (pp.  28-30),  avail- 
able ground  water  (pp.  47-49,  59),  and  the  present  and  prospective  uses 
for  irrigation  (p.  56).  The  wells,  which  are  mostly  shallow  and  uncer- 
tain as  to  the  amount  of  water  and  as  to  the  salt  in  solution,  are 
described  (pp.  37-47). 

315  and  Drake  (N.  F.).     Nampa  folio,  Idaho-Oreo-on. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  103,  pp.  5,  1904. 

Gives  a  number  of  well  records  (p.  2),  notes  the  work  of  hot  springs 
in  lake  beds  (p.  2),  and  describes  the  general  occurrence  of  thermal 
springs,  ground  waters,  and  artesian  wells  (p.  5). 

3ir. and  Drake  (N.  F.).     Silver  City  folio,  Idaho. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  104,  pp.  6,  1904. 

Discusses  in  detail  the  occurrence  of  warm-spring  and  artesian  waters 
and  wells,  giving  a  table  of  depths  and  temperatures  of  water  of  the 
latter  (pp.  5-6). 

317  Lindgren  (Waldemar).     A  geological  reconnaissance  across   the 

Bitteroot  Range  and  Clearwater  Mountains  in  jNIontana  and 
Idaho. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  27,  pp.  116,  1904. 
Describes  the  mineral  springs  of  the  region  and  their  temperature,  and 
notes  their  use  for  bathing,  etc.  (pp.  113-114). 

318  and  Ransome  (Frederick  Leslie).     Report  of   progress   in 

the   geological    resurve}'   of    the   Cripple  Creek  district, 
Colorado. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull,  no  254,  pp.  36,  1904. 

Contains  a  section  on  underground  Waters  in  which  depth  of  ground 
water  and  oxidation,  mine  waters,  occurrence  of  water  in  joints  of  crys- 
talline rocks,  and  drainage  by  tunnels  are  considered  (pp.  31-32). 

31!»  Lippincott  (Joseph  Barlow).  Water  supply  of  San  Bernardino 
Valley. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  19th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  540-633,  1898. 

Describes  springs  and  their  flow  (pp.  563-564),  and  discusses  the 
artesian  wells  fed  by  ground  water  and  by  underflow  from  San  Antonio 
Creek  (pp.  565-566). 

320  Storage  of  water  on  Kings  River,  California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  58,  pi>.  101, 
1902. 

Discusses  the  ground  water  of  Kings  River  delta,  from  which  abundant 
supplies  are  obtained  (pp.  53-84),  and  gives  statistical  tables  giving  for 
the  wells  the  depth,  character  of  water-bearing  beds,  quality  of  water, 
methods  of  lifting,  cost,  and  the  amount,  use,  and  saline  contents  of  the 
waters.  Seepage  and  its  effect  on  ground-water  level  is  noted  (pp.  22- 
24,  80-82)  and  the  alkalinity  and  replenishment  of  the  ground  water 
described  (pp.  82-88). 


52  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    TAPERS  [no.  120. 

321  Lippincott  (Joseph  Barlow).     Development  and  application  of 

water  near  San  Bernardino,  Colton,  and  Riverside,  Cali- 
fornia.    Part  I. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  59,  pp.  95, 
1902. 

Describes  the  artesian  district  (p.  22),  the  rate  of  underflow  (p.  22), 
analyses  (p.  23),  details  of  artesian  area,  including  amount  and  penna- 
nancy  of  supply  (pp.  .38-42),  pumping  (pp.  42-46),  irrigation,  springs 
and  wells  of  Riverside  district  (p.  62),  and  wells  of  the  Gage  canal  sys- 
tem (pp.  69-78). 

322  Development  and  application  of  water  near  San  Bernardino, 

Colton,  and  Riverside,  California.     Part  II. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper,  no.  60,  pp. 
102-141,  1902. 

Discusses  the  artesian  wells  in  the  East  Riverside  district,  in  the  Red- 
lands  and  San  Bernardino  quadrangles,  in  the  vicinity  of  Rincon,  etc., 
and  gives  tables  (pp.  115-134)  showing  type  of  wells,  depth,  height  of 
water,  character  of  strata,  quality  of  water,  method  of  lifting,  quantity, 
and  cost  of  water.  Seepage  in  the  San  Bernardino  Valley  is  also  con- 
sidered (pp.  108,  113). 

323  California  hydrography. 

TJ.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  81,  pp.  488, 
1903. 

Describes  the  gravel  fan  at  the  base  of  the  mountains  at  Pasadena 
Mesa.  The  gravel  is  saturated  with  water  which  is  collected  by  wells 
and  tunnels.  Well  statistics,  including  depth,  flow,  etc.,  are  given  (pp. 
174-180). 

324  Lord  (Eliot).     Comstock  mining  and  miners. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  4,  451  pp.  1883. 

Gives  a  chapter  on  "The  contest  with  water,"  describing  the  immense 
flows  of  thermal  waters  encountered  and  the  methods  of  meeting  the 
problems  (pp.  230-244).  Other  incidental  references  to  mine  waters 
occur. 

M. 

32.5  Martin  (George  C).     Petroleum  fields  of  Alaska  and  the  Bering 
River  coal  fields. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp.  365-382,  1904. 
Notes  the  occurrence  of  oil,  gas,  and  sulpluir  springs  (pp.  368,  378), 
and  mentions  the  finding  of  large  flows  of  water  (p.  379).     Underground 
water  is  assigned  a  part  in  the  accunuilation  and  distribution  of  ore 
(p.  369). 

326  Matthes  (Gerard  H.).     Grand  River  project  [Colorado]. 

V.  S.  (Jeol.  Surv.,  Second  Ann.  Rejit.  Reclamation  Service,  1902-.3, 
pp.  210-250,  1904. 

Notes  the  settling  of  the  ground  because  of  accretions  to  the  ground 
water  through  irrigation  (pp.  213,  2.36). 


FULLER.l  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  53 

327  McCallie  (S.  W.)-     Georg-ia.     [Water  supply,  well,  and  spring- 

records,  j 

IT.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  WattT-Supitlyand  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp.  207- 
236,  190-1. 

Gives  tables  showing  the  sources  of  public  supplies  (pp.  208-221 )  and 
tables  and  notes  on  wells  (pp.  221-225)  and  springs  (pp.  227-236).  The 
data  on  public  supplies  includes  source,  quality,  special  uses,  etc.,  on 
wells,  the  depth,  head,  quality,  analyses,  and  yield;  and  on  springs, 
quality,  odor,  taste,  sediment,  mineral  deposits,  yield,  source,  uses, 
improvements,  and  analyses. 

328  McG-ee  (W  J).     The  geology  of  the  head  of  Chesapeake  Bay. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  7th  Ann.  Kept.,  pp.  537-646,  1888. 

The  investigation  was  made  to  determine  the  artesian  conditions  near 
Fishing  Battery  Station.  Reviews  the  conditions  necessary  for  artesian 
supplies  and  discusses  the  local  structure  and  displacements  in  addition 
to  a  general  consideration  of  Coastal  Plain  conditions.  A  moderate  sup- 
ply rising  nearly  to  the  surface  is  predicted  from  the  Potomac  sands 
(pp.  644-645). 

329  Administrative  report  [1886-87]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  8th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  166-173,  1889. 
Notes  bearing  of  data  collected  at  the  head  of  Chesapeake  Bay  on 
artesian  waters  along  the  fall  line. 

330  Administrative  report  [1887-88]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  9th  Ann.  Kept,  pp.  102-110,  1889. 

Mentions  the  artesian  well  prospects  of  the  Fort  Riley  Military  Reser- 
vation, Kansas  (p.  104),  and  notes  an  arrangement  with  A.  J.  Phinney 
to  collect  boring  records  in  Indiana  (p.  105). 

331  Administrative  report  [1888-89]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  10th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  148-158,  1890. 

Notes  progress  of  the  survey  of  the  Fort  Riley  Military  Reservation 
with  a  view  of  determining  the  water  supply  and  other  economic  pro- 
ducts (p.  154). 

332  The  Pleistocene  history  of  northeastern  Iowa. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  11th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  189-577,  1891. 

Describes  solution  caverns  in  the  Galena  limestone  and  their  ores 
(p.  329),  and  gives  well  sections  in  northeastern  Iowa  and  adjacent  por- 
tions of  Illinois.  They  are  mainly  geological,  but  some  notes  on  water 
are  given  (pp.  514-540). 

333  Introduction:  Rock  gas  and  related  bitumens.     The  natural 

gas  field  of  Indiana,  l)y  Arthur  John  Phinney. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  11th  Ann.  Rept,  pt.  1,  pp.  589-616,  1891. 

Notes  the  correspondence  of  laws  governing  the  accumulation  of  the 
of  lighter  hydrocarbons  and  artesian  waters  and  considers  the  reijuisites 
for  artesian  flows  (pp.  603-604). 


54  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

384  McGree  (W  J).     The  potable  waters  of  the  eastern  rnited  States. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  14th  Ann.  Kept,  pt.  2,  pp.  1-47,  189.3. 

Besides  rain  and  stream  water,  the  accumulation  and  utilization 
through  wells  or  si^rings  of  shallow  ground  water  (pp.  40-42),  and  the 
accumulation,  underground  conditions,  etc.,  of  "phreatic"  or  deep- 
seated  waters  of  thermal  springs  and  of  artesian  and  other  deep  wells 
are  considered,  and  local  statistics  given  (pj).  42-47). 

335  Administrative  report  [1892-93]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  14th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  210-244,  1893. 

Notes  work  of  the  Survey  on  potable  waters  of  wells  and  springs,  the 
occurrence  of  artesian  waters  of  District  of  Columbia,  at  Fortress  Monroe, 
and  at  Cristield,  Maryland  (pp.  216,  219),  work  on  the  artesian  waters  of 
Missouri  (p.  232),  and  studies  on  general  water  supplies,  including  wells 
(p.  237).     A  summary  of  work  on  artesian  waters  is  also  given  (p.  230). 

336  Mead  (Elwood).     Water-right,  problems  of  the  Bighorn  Moun- 

tains. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  23,  pp.  62, 
1899. 

Notes  loss  by  seepage  from  Little  Tongue  Elver  and  loss  through 
funnels,  etc.,  in  limestone  (p.  49). 

337  Means  (Thomas  H.).     The  use  of  alkaline  waters  for  irrigation. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  93,  pp.  255- 
258,  1904. 

Notes  the  use  of  highly  alkaline  artesian  waters  for  irrigation  in 
Algiers  (pp.  255,  258). 

338  Murphy  (Edward  Charles).     Windmills  for  irrigation. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  8,  pp.  49, 
1897. 

In  aildition  to  the  critical  discussion  of  the  use  of  windmills  as  a  means 
of  raising  ground  water  f(jr  irrigation,  a  brief  description  is  given  of  the 
wells  near  Garden,  Kansas  (p.  10). 

339  The  windmill:  its  etficienc}^  and  economic  ise.     Part  1. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  41,  pp.  72, 
1901. 

Discusses  the  types  and  uses  of  windmills  and  gives  the  results  of 
elaborate  tests  of  their  efficiency  in  raising  ground  water.  The  artesian 
wells  near  Garden,  Kansas  are  also  described  (pp.  22-23). 

340  The  windmill:  its  efficiency  and  economic  use.     Part  II. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  42,  pp.  73- 
147,  1901. 

Describes  further  tests  relating  to  the  efficiency  of  windmills  in  raising 
ground  water  to  the  surface. 

341  Murphy  (Edwin  C).     Destructive  floods  in  the  United  States  in 

1903. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  96,  81  pp., 
1904. 

In  connection  with  the  flood  descriptions  the  author  cunsidcrs  ground 
storage  of  water  and  its  effect  on  the  flow  of  streams  (pi..  71-73.)  Fig- 
ures as  to  amount  of  porosity  arc  given  (p.  272). 


RELATING   TO   UNDERGROUiS'D   WATERS.  55 


M'l  Newell  (Frederick  Haynes).  Hydrography  of  the  arid  regions. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Snrv./l2th  Ann.  Eept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  213-361,  1891. 
Discusses  mainly  tlie  flow  and  uses  of  surface  waters,  but  incidentally 
considers  the  wells  of  the  Eio  Grande  Valley  (pp.  247,  278),  the  large 
alkaline  springs  near  Puerto  Vie  Luna  (p.  284),  the  springs  of  Agua  Negra 
(p.  205),  Peers  (p.  285),  Berenda  (p.  286),  North  Spring,  Hondo,  Block, 
and  Seven  rivers  (p.  286),  Gallinas  springs  (p.  287),  and  springs  of  the 
San  Pedro  district  (p.  304) .  Lost  and  underground  rivers  are  noted  in 
several  instances  (pp.  232-234,  282,  287,  315). 

343  Water  supply  for  irrigation. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  13th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  3,  pp.  1-99,  1892. 

Estimates  a  total  of  8,097  artesian  wells  in  Western  United  States  in 
1890,  3,930  of  which  are  used  for  irrigating  51,896  acres.  In  addition 
there  is  a  still  greater  number  of  pumped  wells  (p.  28).  The  move- 
ment of  water  through  rock  and  sediments  and  the  use  of  underflow 
canals  is  considered  (pp.  29-30).  The  use  of  seepage  waters  for  irriga- 
tion near  the  Jefferson  River,  Montana  (p.  52),  and  the  deep  wells  at 
Helena  (p.  55)  are  described. 

344  Administrative  report. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  15th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  196-198,  1895. 
Describes  work  on  artesian  problems  (p.  196). 

345  Report  of  progress  of  the  division  of  hydrography  for  the 

calendar  years  1893  and  1894. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  131,  pp.  126,  1895. 

Contains  an  account  of  seepage  along  the  Cache  la  Poudre  River, 
Colorado,  and  the  absorption  of  water  l)y  the  bed  of  the  Platte  River 
(pp.  31-32).  Tables  of  well  records  giving  the  location,  year  completed, 
diameter,  depth,  depth  to  water,  cost  of  well  and  machinery,  etc.,  for  a 
large  number  of  wells  in  Nebraska,  Colorado,  and  Kansas  are  included 
(pp.  92-126). 

346  The  public  lands  and  their  water  supply. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  16th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  457-533,  1896. 

Gives  information  relating  to  the  deep  wells  or  springs  of  Arizona 
(p.  505),  California  (p.  509),  Colorado  (p.  511),  Idaho  (p.  512),  Indian  Ter- 
ritory (p.  512),  valley  of  the  Arkansas  in  Kansas  (p.  514),  of  North  Platte 
River,  Nebraska  (p.  517),  New  Mexico  (p.  520),  North  Dakota  (p.  521 ), 
Oklahoma  (p.  522),  South  Dakota  (p.  523),  and  of  Texas  (p.  524). 
Other  subjects  considered  are  supplies  of  streams  from  underground 
waters  (p.  470),  seepage  (pp.  471,  529),  pumping  (p.  517),  and  wells  as  a 
source  of  supply  for  irrigation  (pp.  499-502). 

347  Report  of  progress  of  the  division  of  hydrography  for  the 

calendar  year  1895. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  140,  pp.  356,  1896. 

Mentions  the  springs  of  the  sand-hill  regiou  of  North  Carolina  (p.  65) 
and  the  San  Marcos,  San  Felipe,  Las  Mosas,  Leona,  and  the  springs  of 
Comal  River  and  San  Antonio,  Texas  (pp.  83-85).  The  seepage  of  the 
Ogden  Valley,  Utah  (p.  223),  the  artesian  supply  of  Caliente  Valley, 
California  (p.  267),  the  underground  conditions  and  supply  at  Lindsay, 
California  (p.  279),  and  seepage  measurements  in  Nebraska  (pp.  347- 
349)  are  also  given. 


56  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

348  Nevrell  (Frederick  Hayne.s).  Preface.  Pumpinjy  water  for  irri- 
gation.    Bj^  Herbert  M.  Wilson. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  1,  pp.  11-13, 
1896. 

Defines  scope  and  plan  for  the  new  series  of  papers  of  which  this  is 
the  first,  and  gives  a  list  (jf  some  of  the  surface  and  underground  water 
problems  imder  investigation. 

349 Letter  of  transmittal :  H^^drography. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  vii-viii,  1897. 
Mentions  work  of  Frank  Leverett,  N.  H.  Barton,  and  F.  F.  B.  Cofiin 
on  underground  waters. 

350  Introduction:  Hydrography. 

TJ.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  4,  pp,  ix-x,  1897. 

Reviews  work  of  Survey  on  streams  and  underground  waters  from 

1888  to  1896. 

351  Letter  of  transmittal:  Underground  waters  of  southwestern 

Kansas.     By  Erasmus  Haworth. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  6,  p.  9,  1897. 
States  o))ject  of  investigatation. 

352  Letter  of  transmittal:   Seepage   Water  of  northern  Utah. 

B}^  Samuel  Fortier. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  7  (p.  9), 
1897. 

Gives  a  statement  of  the  importance  of  underground  seepage. 

353  Letter  of  transmittal:  Hydrography. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  19th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  vii-viii,  1898. 
Describes  work  and  papers  of  Edward  Orton  and  N.  H.  Darton  on 
underground  waters  of  Ohio  and  Nebraska  respectively. 

354  Report  of  progress  of  stream  measurements  for  the  calendar 

year  1897. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  19th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  Ill,  539,  1898. 

Describes  or  mentions  the  si)rings  of  Shenandoah  Valley,  Virginia, 
and  the  water  supplies  of  the  towns  (p.  136),  the  catchment  area  of  the 
Dakota  sandstone  and  the  artesian  basins  of  the  Arkansas  Valley  in 
Colorado,  as  investigated  by  G.  K.  Gilbert  (p.  352),  the  hot  springs  of 
the  Bitterroot  Forest  Reserve,  Montana  (p.  401),  the  artesian  wells  of  the 
Moxee  V^alley,  AVashington  (with  records),  and  the  large  springs  near 
the  Deschutes  River,  a  tril)utary  of  the  C'olumliia  basin,  Wa.shington 
(p.  497). 

355  Letter  of  transmittal:  Underground  waters  of  a  portion  of 

southeastern  Nebraska.     By  N.  H.  Darton. 

V.  S.  (ieol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Pa]>er  no.  12,  p.  9, 
IS98. 

Dcscrilu'S  cliaracti'r  of  tlic  work  ami  plans  for  future  investigations. 


FiLi.En.l  RELATING    TO   UNDEEGKOUND    WATERS.  57 

356  Newell  (Frederick  Haynes).     Introduction.     Irrigation  systems 

in  Texas.     By  William  Ferguson  Hutson. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  AVater-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  13,  pp.  9-16. 
1898. 

Considers  in  some  detail  the  cost,  capacity,  and  protit  of  pumping 
underground  waters  for  irrigation. 

357  Report  of  progress  of  stream  measurements  for  the  calendar 

year  1898. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  20th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  1-562,  1899. 

Gives  a  summary  of  hydrographic  investigations  (p.  19)  and  describes 
the  work  on  underground  water.?,  artesian  wells,  pumping,  and  wdnd- 
mills  (p.  44),  and  in  the  Black  Hills  and  Bad  Lands,  by  N.  H.  Darton 
(p.  252).  Other  topics  relating  to  underground  waters  which  are  con- 
sidered are  the  springs  of  Cache  La  Poudre  River  (p.  240),  artesian 
wells  of  the  Arkansas  Valley,  Colorado  (p.  340),  ground-water  condi- 
tions in  the  Mi-ssissippi  Valley  (p.  350),  use  for  irrigation  and  power  of 
the  springs  of  San  Antonio  River,  Texas  (p.  355),  the  hot  sulphur 
waters  of  Steamboat  Springs,  California  (pp.  384,  387),  undergrovind 
waters  of  the  southern  Ute  Indian  Reservation  (p.  412),  seepage  in 
Boise  Valley  (p.  484),  artesian  well  records,  artesian  wells  of  Moxee 
Valley,  Washington  (p.  508),  artesian  well  discharge  measurements 
(p.  509),  underground  water  at  Arroyo  Seco  and  Pasadena  Mesa,  Cali- 
fornia, with  records  (pp.  543-549),  and  artesian  wells  of  the  San  Ber- 
nardino Valley,  California  (p.  539). 

358 Introduction.     Experiments  with  windmills.     By  Thomas  O. 

Perry. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  20,  pp. 
11-18,  1899. 

Gives  a  general  discussion  of  the  uses  of  windmills  in  raising  under- 
ground waters  for  irrigation  and  other  purposes. 

359  Letter   of    transmittal.     Wells   of   northern    Indiana.      By 

Frank  Leyerett. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  21,  p.  7, 
1899. 

States  the  nature  of  Mr.  Leverett's  work  and  gives  reasons  for  publi- 
cation in  present  form. 

360 Letter  of  transmittal.    Wells  and  windmills  of  Nebraska.    By 

Erwin  Hinckley  Barbour. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  29,  pp. 
11-12,  1899. 

Discusses  the  value  of  windmills,  especially  the  hor.e-made  types,  in 
developing  underground  w^aters. 

361  Letter  of  transmittal.     Hydrography. 

U.  S.  (ieol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  4,  p.  7,  1900. 
Notes  the  importance  of  work  of  N.  11.  Darton  in  the  Black  Hills  region. 
South  Dakota,  and  mentions  that  of  W.  D.  Johnson  on  the  High  Plains. 


58  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [><>.  1-0. 

8<)2  Newell  (Frederick  Haynes).  Report  of  progress  of  stream  meas- 
urements for  the  calendar  j^ear  1899, 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Eept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  9-488,  1900. 

The  report  incidentally  discusses  the  work  of  the  Survey  on  under- 
ground waters  (p.  27);  the  pumping  of  underground  waters  for  irriga- 
tion in  Georgia  (p.  142);  loss  of  water  from  the  bed  of  Black  Warrior 
River,  Alabama  (p.  152);  the  work  of  A.  W.  Palmer  on  the  analysis  of 
well  and  spring  waters  of  Illinois  (p.  178);  springs  of  Yellowstone 
National  Park  (p.  190);  ground  water  at  Kearney,  Nebraska  (p.  26); 
springs  at  Mesa  Verde  and  in  cliff  and  Navajo  Canyon,  Colorado  (p. 
297);  seepage  in  Mancos  Canyon,  Colorado  (p.  294);  artesian  wells 
and  seepage  measurements  in  Arizona  (pp.  252,  376,  379) ,  and  artesian 
or  underground  water  in  the  San  Antonio  basin  and  along  Lytle  Creek 
and  San  Diego  River,  California  (pp.  481,  482,  486). 

363 Letter  of  transmittal.     Hydrography. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  22d  Ann.^Rept.,  pt.  4^  p.  7,  1901. 
Mentions  the  paper  of  W.  D.  Johnson  on  "  The  High  Plains  and  their 
Utilization." 

364  Report  of  progress  of  stream  measurements  for  the  calendar 

year  1900. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  22d  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  9-506,  1901. 

Notes  the  value  of  artesian  waters  in  desert  lands  (p.  49);  mentions 
the  springs  near  Johnson  City,  Tennessee,  and  gives  analysis  (pp.  231- 
233);  describes  the  disappearance  of  water  in  sinks  in  the  Thunder  Bay 
region  of  Michigan  (p.  261),  and  discusses  the  water  resources,  including 
artesian  and  other  underground  waters  in  southeastern  Idaho  (pp.  421- 
430),  and  in  the  Kings  River  Basin  of  California  (pp.  479-480). 

365  — —  Letter  of  transmittal.     Reconnaissance  of  Yuba  River,  Cali- 

fornia, by  Marsden  Manson. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  46,  pp.  9-10, 
1901. 

Notes  thead  vantages  of  wind  and  electric  power  in  raising  undergi-ound 
watei's. 

366  Letter  of  transmittal.     Development  and  application  of  water 

near  San  Bernardino,  Colton,  and  Riverside,  California. 
Part  1,  by  Joseph  Barlow  Lippincott. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  59,  pp.  95, 1902. 

Discusses  the  resort  to  tunnels  and  wells  for  water  supplies. 

367  Letter  of  transmittal.     The  motions  of  underground  waters. 

By  Charles  8.  Slichter. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  67,  i)p.  106, 
1902. 

States  the  object  and  scope  of  the  investigations  of  underground  waters. 

368  — —  Letter  of  transmittal.     Geology  and  water  resources  of  the 

Patrick  and  Goshen  Hole  quadrangles  in  eastern  Wyoming 
and  western  Nebraska.     By  George  I.  Adams. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  70,  p.  9,  1902. 

Points  out  the  importance  of  the  observations  in  the  two  quadrangles, 
which  are  typical  of  iimcli  of  the  i)u])lic-laiid  area  in  this  region. 


FULLER.]  RELATING    TO    UNDEEGKOUND    WATERS.  59 

3(»t>  Newell  (Frederick  Haynes).  Report  of  progress  of  stream 
measurements  for  the  calendar  year  1901. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  75,  p.  246, 
1903. 

Describes  the  discharge  of  artesian  wells  in  Moxee  Valley,  near  North 
Yakima,  Washington  (i)p.  204-205). 

370  Report  of  progress  of  stream  measurements  for  the  calendar 

3^ear  1902.     Part  1,  North  Atlantic  coast  and  St.  Lawrence 
River  drainage. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  82,  pp. 
199,  1903. 

Discusses  the  necessity  of  data  regarding  depth,  rate  of  flow,  cost,  etc., 
of  artesian  wells  (p.  9). 

371  Report  of  progress  of  stream  measurements  for  the  calendar 

year  1902.     Part  2,  southern  Atlantic,  eastern  Gulf,  and 
Great  Lakes  drainage. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  83,  pp.  304, 
1903. 

Discusses  the  storage  of  water  and  possible  loss  by  subterranean  flow 
from  sand  belt  of  the  Cape  Fear  basin.  North  Carolina  (pp.  30,  60),  the 
removal  of  ground  water  by  ditching  (p.  242),  the  ground  waters  north 
of  Saginaw  Bay,  Michigan  (p.  294),  and  the  absorption  of  water  by 
limestone  in  the  Thumler  Bay  region,  Michigan  (p.  296). 

372  Report  of  progress  of  stream  measurements  for  the  calendar 

3'ear  1902.     Part  3,  western  Mississippi  River  and  western 
Gulf  drainage. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  84,  pp.  200, 
1903. 

Describes  the  character  and  flow  of  the  large  Barton  Springs,  near 
Austin,  Texas  (pp.  152-153),  the  Sloan  Spring  at  the  edge  of  the 
Edwards  plateau,  Texas  (p.  155),  and  the  San  Felipe  Springs  at  Del 
Rio,  Texas  (p.  161). 

373  Report  of  progress  of  stream  measurements  for  the  calendar 

year  1902.     Part  4,  interior  basin,  Pacitic  coast,  and  Hud- 
son Bay  drainag":. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  85,  250  pp., 
1903. 
Mentions  inflow  of  rivers  into  Carson  Sink,  Nevada  (pp.  78-79) 

371  First  Annual  Report  of  the  Reclamation  Service. 

June  17  to  December  1,  1902,  317  pp.     Atlas,  1903. 

Quotes  old  laws  authorizing  investigation  of  underground  currents  and 
artesian  waters  (p.  36),  and  gives  section  of  reclamation  law  covering  the 
same  poiiit  (pp.  61-63).  Other  underground-water  topics  treated  are:' 
Use  of  springs  for  irrigation  in  Idaho  (p.  172),  underflow  in  Kansas  (p. 
200),  ground  waters  of  Musselshell  River  basin,  Montana  (pj).  215-220), 
artesian  investigations  in  Nebraska  (p.  220),  irrigation  by  underground 
waters  (p.  196),  springs  of  Nevada  (p.  224),  artesian  waters  of  Oregon 
(p.  273)  and  South  Dakota  (p.  278),  and  artesian  prospects  on  the 
Columbia  p  ains  of  Washington  (p.  304). 


60  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  lliO. 

37r>  Newell  (Frederick  Hajnes).     General  discussion,  organization, 
and  summary  of  work. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  2d  Ann.  Kept.  Reclamation  Service,  1901-2,  pp. 
21-70,  1904. 

Notes  limitations  imposed  on  Reclamation  Service  in  regard  to  sinking 
deep  wells  (pp.  25-27,  39),  and  mentions  pumping  from  underground 
waters  in  Kansas  (p.  59). 

376  Proceedings  of  first  conference  of  engineers  of  the  Recla- 

mation  Service    with   accompanying  papers.      Report   of 
conference. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  93,  pp. 
1-116,  1904. 

Mentions  the  work  of  Mr.  N.  H.  Darton  and  of  the  western  section 
of  hydrology  (p.  11),  and  gives  an  account  of  the  organization  of  the 
hydrologic  division  (pp.  15,  16). 

377  Noble  (T.  A.).     Investigations  in  Washington. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  2d  Ann.  Rept.  Reclamation  Service,  1902-3,  pp. 
487-498,  1904. 

Notes  underground  course  of  Crab  Creek  for  most  of  course  (p.  490). 

o. 

378  Olmstead  (Frank  H.).     Phj\sical  characteristics  of  Kern  River, 

California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  46,  pp.  11- 
38,  1901. 

Describes  the  wells  near  Bakersfield  which  are  perforated  at  each 
water  horizon  (p.  28). 

379  Orton  (Edward).     The  Trenton  limestone  as  a  source  of  petroleum 

and  inflammable  gas  in  Ohio  and  Indiana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  8th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  2  (pp.  475-662),  1889. 

Notes  the  penetration  of  surface  waters  into  oil  wells  (j).  511)  and  the 
position  of  brine  with  reference  to  oil  and  gas.  Analyses  of  salt  water 
from  the  Trenton,  Niagara,  and  Upper  Helderberg,  which  form  a  special 
type  of  "  limestone  brines,"  are  given.  Some  are  used  for  bottling  and 
medicinal  purposes  (p.  621).  Notes  the  limitation  of  progress  of  water 
and  oil  l>y  dolomitization  (p.  644). 

380  Rook  waters  of  Ohio. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  19th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  633-717,  1898. 

Discusses  the  geology  (pp.  638-650)  and  considers  the  waters  of  the 
Trenton  limestone,  the  Medina  and  Clinton  horizons,  Niagara,  Onon- 
daga, and  Corniferous  limestones,  the  Ohio  shale,  the  rocks  of  the 
Waverly  grou]),  and  the  conglomerate  and  other  Carboniferous  beds 
(pp.  65]-()96).  Flowing  rock  wells  and  artesian  wells  of  buried  glacial 
channels  are  described  (pp.  697-717). 

P. 

381  Parker  (Edward  W.).     Salt  [1892]. 

U.  S.  (Jeol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1892,  pp.  792-800,  1893. 
Gives  production  of  salt  from  wells,  springs,  and  other  sources  for  the 
year  1892. 


FULLER.]  EELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  61 

382  Parker  (Edward  W.).     Salt  [1893]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1893,  pp.  717-727,  1894. 
Gives  production  of  salt  from  wells,  springs,  and  other  sources  for  the 
year  1893. 

383  Salt  [1894]. 

U.  S.  Geo).  Surv.,  16th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  4,  cont.,  pp.  646-657,  1895. 
Gives  production  of  salt  from  wells,  springs,  and  other  sources  for  the 
year  1894. 

381  Salt  [1895]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  17th  Ann.  Rent.,  pt.  3,  cont.,  pp.  984-997,  1896. 
Gives  production  of  salt  from  wells,  springs,  and  other  sources  for  the 
year  1895. 

385  Salt  [1896]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  5,  cont.,  pp.  1273-1314,  1897. 
Gives  production  of  salt  from  wells,  springs,  and  other  sources  for  the 
year  1896. 

386  Salt  [1897]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  19th  Ann.  Rept.  pt.  6,  cont.,  pp.  587-612,  1898. 
Gives  production  of  salt  from  wells,  springs,  and  other  sources  for  the 
year  1897. 

387  Salt  [1898]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  20th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  6,  cont.,  pp.  667-688,  1899. 
Gives  production  of  salt  from  wells,  springs,  and  other  sources  for  the 
year  1898. 

388  Salt  [1899]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Rept,  pt.  6,  cont.,  pp.  531-554. 
Gives  production  of  salt  from  wells,  springs,  and  other  sources  for  the 
year  1899. 

389  Salt  [1900]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1900,  pp.  835-848,  1901. 
Gives  production  of  salt  from  wells,  springs,  and  other  sources  for  the 
year  1900. 

390  Peale  (Albert  C).     Mineral  waters. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1883-84,  pp.  978-987,  1885. 

Gives  a  list  of  mineral  spring  localities.  States  the  output  for  1883  as 
47,289,743  gallons,  with  a  value  of  t;i,139,483,  and  for  1884  as  68,720,936 
gallons,  with  a  value  of  $1,665,490.  Statistics  of  imports  and  exports 
are  included. 

391  Mineral  waters. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1885,  pp.  536-543,  1886. 

A  list  of  mineral  spring  localities  and  statistics  of  production,  exports, 
and  imports  are  given.  The  outimt  for  the  year  is  given  as  9,148,401 
gallons,  with  a  value  of  $1,312,845.  The  decrease  in  production  is  due 
to  the  exclusion  of  the  artesian  wells  used  for  the  public  supply  at  Mad- 
ison, Wisconsin. 


62  BIBLIOGKAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

392  Peale  (Albert  C).     Lists  and  analyses  of  the  mineral  springs  of 

the  United  States  (a  preliminary  study). 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  .32,  pp.  2.35,  1886. 

Discusses  the  flow,  temperature,  classification,  and  composition  of  657 
springs  from  405  localities.  One  hundred  and  eighty-seven  analyses  are 
given.  Seventy-four  springs  are  developed  as  resorts  and  72  are  used 
commercially. 

393  Mineral  waters. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1886,  pp.  715-721,  1887. 

Includes  the  usual  list  of  spring  localities  and  statistics  of  production, 
imports,  and  exports.  The  total  output  for  1886>  is  given  as  8,950,317 
gallons,  with  a  value  of  $1,284,070. 

394  Mineral  waters. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1887,  pp.  680-687,  1888. 

Spring  localities  are  listed  and  statistics  of  production,  import,  and 
export  given.  The  output  for  the  year  is  placed  at  8,259,609  gallons, 
with  a  value  of  $1,261,473. 

395  Administrative  report  [1886-87]. 

V.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  8th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  146-148,  1889. 
Details  progress  of  work  on  mineral  waters  and  mentions  papers  pub- 
lished during  the  year. 

396  Administrative  report  [1887-88]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  9th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  111-114,  1889. 
Notes  the  preparation  of  a  third  paper  on  the  statistics  of  mineral 
waters. 

397  Administrative  report  [1888-89]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  10th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  130-132,  1890. 
^lentions  the  work  of  Charles  W.  Redmond  on  mineral  waters  (p.  132). 

398  Mineral  waters. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1888,  pp.  623-630,  1890. 

The  production  for  1888  is  stated  as  9,578,648  gallons.  Its  value  was 
$1,679,302.  Both  production  and  value  show  an  increase  over  previous 
year.     Other  statistics  and  a  list  of  springs  are  given. 

399  Administrative  report  [1889-90]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  11th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  p.  82,  1891. 
INIentions  his  assignment  to  the  Eleventh  Census  to  take  charge  of 
mineral  waters. 

400  Administrative  report  [1890-91]. 

U.hS.  Geol.  Surv.,  12th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  91-92,  1891. 
Describes  work  on  mineral  waters  for  the  Survey  and  for  the  Eleventh 
Census. 

401  - —  Administrative  report  [1891-92]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  i;Uh  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  p.  124,  1892: 
Describes  work  on  mineral  water  statistics. 


FiLLEK.]  KELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  63 

402  Peale  (Albert  C.)-     Mineral  waters. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1889-90,  pp.  521-536,  1892. 

The  number  of  springs  reporting  in  1889  was  258,  their  product 
12,780,471  gallons,  and  the  value  of  the  water  $1,748,458.  In  1890,  273 
springs  reported  an  output  of  13,907,418  gallons,  with  avalue  of  $2,600,750. 
Other  statistics  and  lists  of  springs  are  given. 

403  Mineral  waters, 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1891,  pp.  601-610,  1893. 
This  year  288  springs,  with  a  production  of  18,392,732  and  value  of 
$2,996,259,  reported.    Lists  of  springs  and  detailed  statistics  are  presented. 

404  Mineral  waters. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1892,  pp.  823-834,  1893. 

In  1892  aggregate  sales  amounting  to  21,876,604  gallons,  with  a  value 
of  14,905,976,  were  reported  by  283  springs.  The  usual  statistics  and 
lists  of  springs  are  included  in  the  jiaper. 

405  Mineral  waters. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1893,  pp.  772-794,  1894. 

The  number  of  springs  reporting  sales  in  1893  was  330;  the  total 
amount  sold,  23,544,495  gallons,  and  the  value,  $4,246,743.  In  addition 
to  the  usual  statistics  and  list  of  commercial  springs  a  list  of  springs  used 
as  resorts  is  given. 

406  Natural  mineral  waters  of  the  United  States. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  14th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  49-88,  1894. 

Discusses  the  history  (pp.  53-57) ,  origin  (pp.  58-59),  flow  (pp.  59-61), 
source  of  mineralization  (p.  61),  relation  to  geology  and  geologic  struc- 
ture (pp.  62-64),  classification  (pp.  64-68),  temperature  (p.  68),  compo- 
sition (pp.  69-73),  distribution  (pp.  73-80),  and  uses  of  springs  (pp. 
80-81),  and  their  development  as  resorts  (pp.  81-88). 

407  — -  Mineral  waters  [1894]. 

V.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  16th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  707-721,  1895. 

A  large  falling  off  of  production  due  to  business  depression  is  recorded. 
Total  shipments  in  1894"  were  21,-569,608  gallons,  with  a  value  of  $3,741,- 
846.  Statistics  of  production,  with  summaries  of  exports  and  imports, 
are  given. 

408  Three  Forks  folio,  Montana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  24,  pp.  5,  1896. 

Describes  sulphated  alkaline  saline  thermal  waters  at  Ferris  Hot 
Springs,  which  resemble  the  Carlsbad  Sprudel  Springs.  Other  hot 
springs  are  mentioned  (p.  5). 

409  Mineral  waters  [1895]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  17th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  3,  cont.,  pp.  1025-1044,  1896. 

Gives  product  for  1895  as  21,463,543  gallons,  a  loss  of  106,665  gallons 
from  that  of  the  previous  year.  The  value,  however,  increased  from 
$3,741,846  to  $4,254,237.  The  product  by  States  from  1883  to  1895  (pp. 
1026-1031),  lists  of  commercial  springs  (pp.  1031-1040),  and  statistics  of 
imports  and  exports  (pp.  1043-1044)  are  also  given. 


64  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

410  Peale  (Albert  C).     Mineral  waters  [1896]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18th  Ann.  Kept,  pt.  5,  cont.,  pp.  1369-1389, 1897. 

The  statistics  of  production  are  given  by  States.  The  total  sales  in 
1896  amount  to  25,795,312  gallons,  with  a  value  of  $4,136,192.  These 
figures  show  a  marked  increase  in  volume,  but  a  slight  decrease  in 
value.  Lists  of  commercial  springs  and  figures  showing  exports  and 
imports  are  presented. 

Ml  Mineral  waters  [1897]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  19th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  6,  cont.,  pp.  659-685,  1898. 

The  year  1897  showed  the  largest  number  of  springs  yet  reported, 
namely,  381.  The  production  was  23,255,911  gallons,  a  slight  decrease; 
but  the  value,  which  was  $4,599,106,  showed  an  increase  over  1896. 
Production  by  States  and  districts,  lists  of  commercial  springs,  and 
exports  and  imports  are  also  given. 

412  Mineral  waters  [1898]. . 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  20th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  6,  cont.,  pp.  747-769,  1899. 

The  output  in  1898  is  given  as  28,853,464  gallous,  with  a  value  of 
$8,051,833,  a  large  increase  over  1897.  Statistics  of  production  by  States, 
exports,  imports,  and  lists  of  commercial  springs  are  given. 

413  Mineral  waters  [1899]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  6,  cont.,  pp.  597-622,  1900. 

Gives  the  product  for  1899  as  39,562,136  gallons,  with  a  value  of 
$6,948,030;  an  increase  of  10,708,672  gallons  and  decrease  of  $1,103,803. 
The  products  by  States  and  districts,  lists  of  commercial  springs, 
imports,  and  exports  are  given. 

414  Mineral  waters. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1900,  pp.  899-905,  1901. 

Gives  statistics  of  production,  export  and  import,  placing  the  total 
output  as  47,558,784  gallons,  with  a  value  of  $6,245,172.  The  number  of 
springs  reporting  was  491. 

415  [ ]  Mineral  waters. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1901,  pp.  961-966,  1902. 

Gives  statistics  of  production  and  of  exports  and  imports.  The  total 
output  for  the  year  is  given  as  55,771,188  gallons,  with  a  value  of 
$7,586,962.     The  number  of  springs  reporting  was  659. 

416  [ ]  Mineral  waters  [1902.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.  for  1902,  pp.  993-1002,  1904. 

Gives  product  for  1902  as  64,859,451  gallons,  with  a  value  of  $8,793,761. 
The  number  of  springs  (721),  output,  and  value  all  show  an  increase 
over  the  previous  year. 

417  [ ]  Mineral  waters  [1903.] 

U.  S.  'Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.  for  1903,  pp.  1137-1162,  1904. 

The  production  of  725  springs  is  estimated  at  51,242,757  gallons, 
valued  at  $9,041,078.  The  number  of  springs  and  value  is  the  greatest 
ever  recorded.     A  list  of  the  springs  of  the  United  States  is  given. 

418  Penrose,  Jr.  (K.  A.  F.).     Mining  g'eolog}'  of  the  Cripple  Creek 

district,  Colorado. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  16th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  111-209,  1896. 
Considers  the  part  of  underground  waters  in  ore  deposition  (p.  160). 


FILLER.]  RELATING   TO   UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  65 

419  Peppel  (S,  V.).     Gypsum  deposits  in  Oiiio. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  223,  pp.  38^4,  1904. 
Notes  sulphuratted  hydrogen  in  gypsum  mines  and  bore  holes  (p.  39), 
and  gives  record  of  boring  (p.  43). 

420  Perkins  (George  H.).    Vermont.    [Town  water  suj)plies,  analyses, 

and  well  and  spring  records.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102, 
pp.  73-93,  1904. 

Gives  tables  showing  sources  of  water  of  towns  and  cities  (pp.  73-76), 
a  large  number  of  sanitary  analyses  of  public  and  other  supplies 
(pp.  77-81),  tables  and  notes  relating  to  wells  (pp.  83-87),  and  to 
springs  (pp.  87-93).  The  well  data  includes  quality,  yield,  source  of 
supply,  and  records;  the  spring  data,  yield,  quality,  source  of  water, 
temperature,,  and  uses. 

421  Perry  (Thomas  O.).     Experiments  with  windmills. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  20,  pp.  97, 
1899. 

A  general  description  of  experiments  resulting  in  several  improve- 
ments in  the  methods  of  raising  ground  water  by  windmills. 

422  Phinney  (Arthur  John).     The  natural-gas  field  of  Indiana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  11th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  579-742,  1891. 

Gives  a  large  number  of  boring  records,  mainly  geological.  Discusses 
the  relation  of  water  to  oil  and  gas,  noting  the  rise  of  salt  water  to  an 
average  level  of  600  feet  (pp.  654-655),  and  ascribes  the  change  of  surface 
waters  to  brines  (p.  656).  The  Trenton  limestone  is  a  great  reservoir 
for  water  under  hydrostatic  pressure  (pp.  656-663) ,  the  flow  depending 
on  porosity  (pp.  657-658).     A  table  of  water  pressures  is  given  (p.  663). 

423  Pirsson  (Louis  Valentine),  Weed  (Walter  Harvey)  and.     Geology 

of  the  Castle  Mountain  mining  district,  Montana. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  139,  p.  104,  1896. 
See  Weed  (Walter  H.)  and  Pirsson  (Louis  Valentine). 

424  Weed  (Walter  Harvey)  and.    Geology  and  mineral  resources 

of  the  Judith  Mountains  of  Montana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  3,  pp.  437-616,  1897. 
See  Weed  (Walter  Harvey)  and  Pirsson  (Louis  Valentine). 

425  Plummer  (Fred    G),     Mount    Rainier    Forest   Reserve,    Wash- 

ington. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  5,  pp.  81-143,  1900. 
Describes  soda-iron-sulphur  springs,  giving  analysis  (pp.  94-96). 

426  Forest  conditions  in  the  Cascade  Range,  Washington. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  6,  p.  42,  1902. 

Describes  a  number  of  important  common  and  hot  soda  and  sulphur 
springs  and  gives  an  analyses  of  the  water.  Hotels  using  the  waters  for 
medicinal  and  bathing  purposes  are  located  at  Hot  Springs  and  Madison 
(pp.  37-39). 

IRR  120—05 5 


66  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

427  Plummer  (Fred  G.).     Forest  conditions  in  the  Cascade  Forest 

Reserve,  Oregon :  Central  portion  of  Cascade  Range  Forest 
Reserve. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  9,  pp.  71-146,  1903. 

Describes  Breitenbush  Hot  Springs,  Belknap  Springs,  and  other  hot 
and  sulphur  springs  used  for  bathing,  etc.  The  spring  deposits  are  also 
described  and  an  analysis  of  the  water  given  (pp.  77-78). 

428  Introduction:  Forest  conditions  in  the  San  Francisco  Moun- 

tains Forest  Reserve,  Arizona. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  22,  pp.  11-35,  1904. 
Mentions  the  sparing  occurrence  of  springs  and  the  absorption  of 
water  by  the  lava  beds  (pp.  16,  31). 

429  and  GowseU  (M.    G.).     Forest  conditions  in  the  Lincoln 

Forest  Reserve,  New  Mexico. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  33,  47  pp.,  1904. 
Mentions  mineral  wells  (p.  17)  and  contains  important  references  to 
common  wells  at  a  number  of  places. 

430  PoweU  (John  Wesley).     Report  of  the  Director  [1883-84]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  5th  Ann.  Kept.,  pp.  i-xxxvi,  1885. 
Mentions  the  work  of  Dr.  A.  C.  Peale  on  the  preparation  of  a  bibli- 
ography of  thermal  springs. 

431  Report  of  the  Director  [1885-86]:  Work  in  the  Division  of 

Mining  Statistics  and  Technology. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  7th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  38-39,  1888. 

The  output  of  mineral  waters  in  1885  is  given  as  9,148,401  gallons, 
with  a  value  of  $1,312,845. 

432  Report  of  the  Director  [1886-87]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  8th  Ann.  Kept.,  pp.  1-93,  1889. 

Designates  the  work  of  Gooch  and  Whitfield  on  the  mineral  waters  of 
the  Yellowstone  National  Park  as  "  the  mo^t  complete  study  of  mineral 
waters  of  any  locality  with  special  reference  to  their  agency  in  mineral 
formation  ever  placed  on  record  "  (p.  84).  Gives  the  product  of  mineral 
waters  for  1886  as  8,950,317  gallons,  with  a  value  of  $1,284,070  (p.  86). 

433  Report  of  the  Director  [1887-88], 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  9th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  1-46,  1889. 

Notes  the  progress  of  work  in  the  Yellowstone  National  Park  (p.  16), 
and  mentions  the  work  of  A.  C.  Peale  on  mineral  waters  (p.  21).  The 
product  of  mineral  waters  for  1887  is  stated  as  8,259,609  gallons,  with  a 
value  of  $1,261,473  (p.  26). 

434  Report  of  the  Director  [1888-89]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  10th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  3-80,  1890. 

Describes  the  work  in  Yellowstone  National  Park  and  notes  changes 
and  irregularites  of  geyser  action.  The  discovery  of  the  sulphide  of 
arsenic  in  the  spring  waters  is  announced  (pp.  24-25).  The  extravasa- 
tion of  thermal  waters  in  Florida  is  mentioned  (p.  33).  The  product  of 
mineral  waters  for  1888  is  given  as  9,628,568  gallons,  with  a  value  of 
$1,709,302. 


FULLER.  I  RELATING   TO   UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  67 

435  Powell  (John  Wesley.)     United  States  Irrigation  Survey,  First 
Annual  Report,  1888-89. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  10th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  123,  1890. 
Describes  the  transfer  of  surface  streams  to  underground  courses 
(p.  26). 

436 Report  of  the  Director  [1889-90]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  llth  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  1-30,  1891. 

Gives  the  product  of  mineral  waters  in  1889  as  20,000,000  gallons,  with 
a  value  of  $3,000,000  (p.  20).  Notes  the  discovery  of  oil  and  gas  by 
borings  suggested  by  the  escape  of  gas  from  springs  (p.  26). 

437  United  States  Irrigation  Survey,  Second  Annual  Report, 

1889-90. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  llth  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  395,  1891. 

Mentions  and  defines  artesian  reservoirs  and  "sand  reservoirs"  of 
underground  waters  (pp.  204-205).  Notes  the  disappearance  by  absorp- 
tion of  Saginaches  River  of  the  Rio  Grande  Basin  (p.  216).  Describes 
the  basins,  water  horizons,  conditions,  and  sources  of  water  of  the 
artesian  wells  of  the  Dakotas  (pp.  257-260),  and  makes  a  prediction  that 
artesian  reservoirs  will  not  furnish  important  supplies  for  irrigation 
(p.  260).  General  artesian  conditions,  the  Denver  Basin  of  Colorado, 
the  Dubuque  wells  of  Iowa,  the  Chicago  and  Rockford  wells  of  Illinois, 
the  wells  of  Ohio  and  of  Alabama  are  also  considered  (pp.  260-262). 
Other  subjects  discussed  are  irrigation  from  wells  in  Algeirs  and  other 
foreign  countries,  and  the  Dakota  sandstone  as  a  source  of  artesian 
waters.  Lists  of  wells  in  Minnesota,  North  Dakota,  South  Dakota, 
Nebraska,  Kansas,  and  Texas  are  given  and  the  prediction  made  that 
pump  wells  will  prove  of  more  ultimate  value  than  artesian  wells. 

438  Report  of  the  Director  [1890-91], 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  12th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  1-19,  1891. 
The  output  of  mineral  waters  for  1890  is  stated  as  14,000,000  gallons, 
with  a  value  of  $2,000,000  (p.  15). 

439  Report  of  the  Director  [1891-92]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  13th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  1-66,  1892. 

Describes  investigations  of  temperatures  in  deep  well  at  Wheeling, 
West  Virginia  (p.  37),  and  mentions  work  on  underground  waters  in 
Colorado,  Florida,  Iowa,  Kansas,  Louisiana,  Montana,  New  Jersey, 
South  Dakota,  Texas,  Virginia,  and  Washington  (pp.  33-34).  The 
output  of  mineral  waters  for  1891  is  given  as  18,392,732  gallons,  with  a 
value  of  $2,996,2-59  (pp.  45,  51). 

440  Report  of  the  Director  [1892-93]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  14th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  1-165,  1893. 

Mentions  the  work  of  F.  H.  Newell  on  artesian  and  underground  waters 
in  South  Dakota,  Nebraska,  and  Kansas  (p.  20),  and  of  A.  C.  Peale  on 
thermal  and  mineral  springs  (p.  25).  The  work  of  the  Survey  on 
geysers  and  hot  springs,  and  on  temperature  observations  in  the  Wheel- 
ing deep  well  is  described  (pp.  158-159).  The  unreliability  of  under- 
flow is  pointed  out  (p.  47). 


68  BIBLIOGKAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPEES  [no.  120. 

441  PoweU  (John  Wesley).     Report  of  the  Director  [1893-94]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  15th  Ann.  Kept.,  pp.  1-108,  1895. 

Gives  the  production  of  mineral  waters  for  1893  as  23,544,495  gallons, 
with  a  value  of  $4,246,734  (p.  72).  Contains  an  abstract  of  Bull.  no.  108, 
"A  geological  reconnaissance  in  central  Washington,  by  Israel  C.  Eussel" 
(p.  101). 

442  Pressey,  (Henry  Albert).     H3^drography  of  the  southern  Appa- 

lachian Mountain  Kegion.     Part  1. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  62,  pp.  95, 
1902.    - 

Describes  or  mentions  springs  of  Grandfather  Mountain,  North  Caro- 
lina (p.  19),  Holsten  River  region,  Tennessee  (p.  40),  Indian  Creek, 
Tennessee  (p.  54),  Mill  Creek,  Virginia  (p.  68),  Hogthief  Creek,  Vir- 
ginia (p.  74),  and  Watauga  River,  Tennessee  (p.  82).  The  springs  of 
Indian  Creek  are  used  for  power  (p.  54).  An  underground  lakelet  and 
sinks  in  the  Watauga  River  region  (p.  82)  and  sinks  along  Buffalo 
Creek,  Tennessee  (p.  87),  are  mentioned. 

443  Hydrography    of    the     southern     Appalachian     Mountain 

Region.     Part  2. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  63,  pp.  190, 
1902. 

Notes  common,  hot,  and  mineral  springs,  and  sinks  of  the  French 
Broad  in  North  Carolina  and  Tennessee  (pp.  116-122)  and  describes  the 
Piedmont  mineral  springs  and  others  of  Upper  Creek,  North  Carolina 
(p.  156).  Also  refers  to  springs  of  Grandfather  Mountain,  North  Caro- 
lina (p.  158). 

444  New  York  City  folio,  New  York-New  Jersey.     Water  supply 

of  New  York  City. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  83,  pp.  17-19,  1902. 

Gives  a  history  of  the  development  of  the  public  supplies,  including 
descriptions  of  the  early  wells.  Mentions  the  well  supply  of  Elizabeth 
and  notes  the  occurrence  of  strong  wells  in  the  Newark  formation,  as  at 
Pattison.  Describes  the  ground-water  well  supplies  of  Brooklyn  and 
the  boroughs  of  Queens  and  Richmond,  and  discusses  the  availability  of 
the  ground  water  and  streams  of  Long  and  Staten  islands  as  sources  of 
additional  supplies. 

445  Prosser  (Charles  8.)   and   Beede  (J.   W.).     Cottonwood   Falls 

folio,  Kansas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  LI.  S.,  folio  no.  109,  pp.  6,  1904. 
Describes  springs  of  Wriford  limestone  (p.  3). 

416  Purdue  (A.  H.).     Arkansas.     [Well  and  spring  records.] 

I'.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Sui){)ly  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
374-388,  1904. 

Discusses  the  general  underground  water  conditions  (pp.  374-375)  and 
gives  tables  and  notes  on  wells  (pp.  376-384)  and  springs  (pp.  385-388). 
The  well  statistics  include  depth,  head,  yield,  quality  (including  analy- 
ses), records,  and  uses;  the  spring  data,  temperature,  quality  (including 
analyses),  yield,  source,  uses,  etc. 


PlTLLER.l  RELATING   TO   UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  69 

447  Purington  (Chester  Wells).     Preliminaiy  report  of  the  mining- 
industries  of  the  Telluride  quadrangle,  Colorado. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18tli  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  3,  pp.  745-850,  1897. 

Discusses  the  origin  of  heated  waters  and  their  work  in  vein  formation 
(pp.  819-824),  and  considers  the  relation  of  ground- water  level  to  min- 
ing (p.  826).  Springs  depositing  iron  oxides  at  Ophir  Valley  and  in 
the  La  Plata  Mountains  are  described  (pp.  826-827). 

R. 

44S  Raborg  (William  A.).     Salt. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.,  1886,  pp.  628-641,  1887. 
The  brines  of  the  wells  of  Michigan  and  the  springs  and  wells  of  New 
York  are  discussed. 

449 Salt. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.,  1887,  pp.  610-625,  1888. 
The  brines  of  the  wells  of  West  Virginia  and  Ohio  and  of  the  springs 
and  wells  of  New  York  are  considered  and  analyses  given  of  the  Ohio 
waters. 

450  Salt. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.,  1888,  pp.  597-612,  1890. 
Salt  wells  of  New  York  and  Kansas  are  listed  and  described  and  the 
composition  of  brines  discussed. 

451  Salt. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.,  1889-1890,  pp.  483-492,  1892. 
Gives  information  pertaining  to  the  salt  wells  of  Michigan  and  New 
York. 

452  Rafter  (George  W.)     Sewage  irrigation. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  3,  pp.  100, 
1897. 

Discusses  removal  of  suspended  matter  and  bacteria  of  sewage  waters 
in  passage  downward  into  the  earth. 

453  Sewage  irrigation.     Part  2. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  22,  pp.  100, 
1899. 

Gives  mechanical  analyses  of  sands  in  relation  to  their  water-holding 
capacities  (pp.  31-33). 

454  Water  resources  of  the  State  of  New  York.     Part  1. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  24,  pp.  99, 
1899. 

Discusses  the  relation  of  character  of  rock  to  absorption  of  rainfall 
(pp.  21-22)  and  describes  big  springs  near  Morris  Run,  Wyoming 
County,  and  Canada  way  Creek,  Chautauqua  County  (pp.  93-94). 

455  Water  resources  of  the  State  of  New  York.     Part  2. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  25,  pp. 
100-200,  1899. 

Describes  leakage  from  Glen  Falls,  feeder  of  Erie  Canal,  into  lime- 
stone, amounting  to  53  per  cent  of  volume  (pp.  159-160),  and  discusses 
the  loss  of  water  by  absorption,  etc.,  from  artiticial  channels  (pp.  173- 
178).  Describes  the  wells  of  Long  Island,  both  deep  and  shallow,  in- 
cluding the  flowing  wells  of  the  Brooklyn  Water  Company  and  the 
wells  of  the  sand  areas  (pp.  191-198). 


70  BIBLIOGRAPHIC   REVIEW   OF   PAPERS  [no.  120. 

456  Rafter  (George  W.).     The  relation  of  rainfall  to  run-off. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  80,  pp. 
104,  1903. 

Discusses  the  variations  of  level  of  ground  water  (p.  17),  storage  of 
water  in  soils,  and  feeding  of  streams  (pp.  43-45)  and  movements  of 
underground  waters  (p.  45).  Underground  streams  or  channels  are 
noted  in  Mammoth  and  Lauray  caves,  and  near  Toyah  Creek,  Texas, 
an<l  in  the  upper  Mohawk  region  in  Schoharie  County,  New  York. 

457  Ransome  (Frederick  Leslie),  Turner  (H.  W.)  and.     Sonora  folio, 

California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  41,  pp.  7,  1897. 
See  Turner  (H.  W. )  and  Ransome  (F.  L.). 

458  Ransome  (Frederick  Leslie).     Some  lava  flows  of  the  western 

slope  of  the  Sierra  Nevada,  California. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  89,  pp.  74,  1898. 
Describes  strong  springs  from  andesitic  breccias  (p.  22). 

459  and  Turner  (H.'  W.).     Big  trees  folio,  California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  51,  pp.  8,  1898. 
See  Turner  (H.  W. )  and  Ransome  (F.  L. ). 

460  Ransome   (Frederick  Leslie).     The   ore   deposits   of   the   Rico 

Mountains,  Colorado. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  22d  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  229-397,  1901. 

Regards  the  ores  to  have  been  derived  from  the  rocks  by  percolating 
thermal  waters  (p.  302)  and  considers  their  deposition  in  blankets  to 
have  taken  place  when  there  was  solution  and  caving  of  the  gypsum 
beds,  etc.  (pp.  294-303). 

461  A  report  on  the  economic  geology  of  the  Silverton  quad- 

rangle, Colorado. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  182,  pp.  265,  1901. 

Assigns  the  deposition  of  ores  to  ascending  mineralized  waters 
along  fissures  (p.  133)  and  discusses  the  descending  sulphurous  waters 
of  the  Red  Mountain  region  (p.  135),  the  relation  of  ground  waters  to 
milling  (p.  141),  the  mineral  waters  of  mines  (p.  113),  and  the  ferrugi- 
nous springs  of  the  region.  The  limonite  deposits  of  the  last  are 
described  and  an  analyses  of  the  waters  given  (pp.  113-114). 

462  Geology  of  the  Globe  copper  district,  Arizona. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Professional  Paper  no.  12,  pp.  168,  1903. 

Ascribes  origin  of  ore  to  deposition  by  ascending,  originally  meteoric, 
solutions.  Original  sulphides  were  later  enriched  by  oxidation  by 
superficial  waters  (pp.  128-132). 

463  The   geology  and   ore   deposits  of   the   Bisbee  quadrangle, 

Arizona. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Professional  Paper  no.  21,  pp.  168,  1904. 

Gives  a  number  of  well  sections  (pp.  74-75),  notes  trouble  with  mine 
waters  (p.  119),  and  iliscusses  the  relation  of  ground  water  to  oxidation 
(pp.  145-146)  and  to  ore  deposition  (pp.  134,  153-154). 


FtTLLER.]  RELATING   TO   UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  7l 

463a  Ransome  (Frederick  Leslie).     Globe  folio.     Arizona. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  Ill,  pp.  17,  1904. 
Notes  the  relation  of  underground  waters  to  ore  deposition  (p.  16),  and 
describes  the  absorption  of  streams  and  the  occurrence  of  springs  and 
wells  (p.  17). 

404  Lindgren  (Waldemar)  and.     Report  of  progress  in  the  geo- 

looical  resurvey  of  the  Cripple  Creek  district,  Colorado. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  254,  pp.  36,  1904. 
See  Lindgren  (Waldemar)  and  Ransome  (Frederick  Leslie). 

4(55  Ransome  (Frederick  Leslie)  Bisbee  folio.     Arizona. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  112,  pp.  17,  1904. 

Considers  ground  water  and  its  relation  to  alteration  of  ores,  discusses 
the  part  of  water  in  ore  formation,  and  describes  the  artesian  waters, 
wells,  and  springs  of  the  vicinity  (pp.  16-17). 

466  Reed  (W.  M.).     Water  storage  on  Hondo  River,  New  Mexico. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  2d  Ann.  Kept.  Reclamation  Service,  pp.  380-387, 
1904. 
Notes  importance  of  springs  and  artesian  waters  (p.  381). 

467  Richardson  (George  B.).     Indiana  folio.     Pennsylvania. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  102,  pp.  7,  1904. 
Gives  deep-well  record  (p.  2),  describes  the  occurrence  of  artesian 
waters  in  synclines  and  their  use  for  town  supplies,  etc.  (p.  7). 

468  Ries  (Heinrich).     The  clays  of  the  United  States  east  of  the  Mis- 

sissippi River. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  11,  298  pp.,  1903. 

Gives  a  number  of  sections  of  rocks,  including  clay  shales  in  Pennsyl- 
vania, Ohio,  West  Virginia,  and  Virginia,  some  apparently  being  based 
in  whole  or  in  part  on  borings. 

469  Rixon   (Theodore  F.),  Dodwell   (Arthur)   and.      Forest  condi- 

tions in  the  Cascade   Forest   Reserve,  Oregon;    Cascade 
Range  Forest  Reserve  between  townships  18  and  29  south. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  9,  pp.  147-227,  1903.     See  Dodwell 
(Arthur)  and  Rixon  (Theodore  F. ). 

470  Rixon   (Theodore),  Leiberg  (John  B.),  and  Dodwell  (Arthur). 

Detailed  description  [of  timber  of  townships].  Forest  con- 
ditions in  the  San  Francisco  Mountains  Forest  Reserve, 
Arizona. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  22,  pp.  35-91,  1904. 

See  Leiberg  (John  B.),  Rixon  (Theodore),  and  Dodwell  (Arthur). 

471  Rizer  (H.  C.)     The  United  States  Geological  Survey;  its  origin, 

development,  organization,  and  operations. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  227,  205  pp.,  1904. 

Notes  the  work  of  the  section  of  chemistry  on  spring  waters  (p.  51), 
and  gives  an  account  of  the  early  work  of  the  Survey  on  underground 
waters  and  the  organization  and  present  work  of  the  division  of  hydrol- 
ogy (pp.  84-88).  Mention  is  made  of  work  in  New  York,  New  Jersey, 
Georgia,  Louisiana,  Arkansas,  Missouri,  Minnesota,  Wisconsin,  Arizona, 
California,  and  the  Dakotas.     A  list  of  survey  pul)lications  is  appended. 


72  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS 


[NO.  120. 


472  Robbins  (S.    B.)     Reconnaissance  on   Musselshell  River,  [Mon- 
tana]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  2d  Ann.  Kept.  Reclamation  Service,  pp.  252-254, 
1904. 

Mentions  the  occurrence  of  springs,  underflow,  and  waters  available 
for  shallow  wells  (p.  353). 

578  Ross  (D.  W.).     Investigations  in  Idaho. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv., Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  93,  pp.  174- 
176,  1904.. 

Notes  the  absorption  of  streams  by  great  lava  flows  and  the  breaking 
out  of  springs  in  canyons  (p.  174). 

474  Russell  (Israel  Cook).     Sketch  of  the  geological  history  of  Lake 

Lahontan. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  3d  Ann.  Kept.,  pp.  189-237,  1883. 

Discusses  the  theoretical  structure  of  spring  deposits  as  compared  with 
Lake  Lahonton  deposits  (p.  219). 

475  A  geological  reconnaissance  in  southern  Oregon. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  4th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  431-464,  1883. 

Describes  the  association  of  hot  springs  and  faults  in  the  Stein  Moun- 
tains at  Warner  and  Sumner  lakes,  and  in  Surprise  Valley.  Regards 
high  temperature  to  have  resulted  from  the  arrested  motion  of  oro- 
graphic blocks,  and  that  hot  springs  outside  the  volcanic  areas  may  be 
taken  as  indicating  recent  faults  (pp.  445-452). 

476  Geological  history  of  Lake  Lahontan,  a  Quaternary  lake  of 

northwestern  Nevada. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  II,  pp.  288,  1885. 

Discusses  recent  and  extinct  springs  at  some  length  (pp.  47-54), 
describing  hillside  and  fissure  types,  hot  springs  and  their  deposits,  tem- 
perature of  springs,  and  composition  (including  analyses).  The  occur- 
rence of  springs  on  fault  lines  is  noted  (pp.  53,  276,  279,  283)  and  springs 
in  lakes  described  (pp.  220-222).  The  chemistry  of  spring  water  and 
their  gases,  including  analyses,  is  considered  (pp.  175-178),  and  the  tufa 
deposits  mentioned  (pp.  187,  220-222).  Brines  of  wells  and  springs  are 
also  treated  (pp.  232-235). 

477  Quaternary  history  of  Mono  Valle}^,  California. 

U.  .S.  Geol.  Surv.,  8th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  261-394,  1889. 

Describes  the  numerous  and  copious  cold  and  warm  springs  of  the 
ordinary  and  of  the  fissure  or  fault  type,  giving  analyses.  The  sublacus- 
tral  springs  forming  strong  eddies  in  the  lake  and  building  up  tufa  cones 
are  of  special  interest.  In  general  the  waters  are  pure  and  deposits  are 
not  now  forming.  One  spring  is  frequently  sufficient  to  irrigate  several 
acres.  The  hot  springs  are  taken  to  indicate  that  the  volcanic  energy 
which  resulted  in  the  extrusion  of  the  Mono  craters  is  not  yet  entirely 
dissipated  (pp.  285,  287,  292,  373). 

478  Subaerial  decay  of  rocks  and  origin  of  the  red  color  of  cer- 

tain formations. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  52,  pj).  65,  1889. 

The  hard  and  brackish  quality  of  water  in  wells  near  trap  dikes  is 
noted  (p.  17)  and  the  action  of  percolating  waters  in  the  decay  of  rocks 
considered  (p.  30). 


FULLER.]  RELATING   TO   UNDERGROUND   WATERS.  73 

479  Russell  (Israel  Cook).     Correlation  papers.     The  Newark  S5^stem. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  85,  pp.  344,  1892. 

Gives  shaft  and  boring  sections  at  Carbon  Hill  and  Midlothian,  Vir- 
ginia (p.  39). 

480  A  geological  reconnoissance  in  central  Washington. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  108,  pp.  108,  1893. 

The  investigation  was  undertaken  to  determine  the  prospects  for  arte- 
sian waters.  The  paper  describes  the  existing  wells  and  the  stratigraphy, 
structure,  etc. ,  affecting  artesian  prospects.  The  lavas  beneath  the  clays 
are  tilted  and  broken,  and  broad  basins  are  impossible,  although  local 
basins  in  or  above  the  basalt  are  described.  The  water  beds  are  also 
tapped  occasionally  by  drainage.  Among  the  topics  considered  are  flow- 
ing and  deep  wells  (pp.  13,  39,  44),  well  sections  (p.  56),  fissures  and 
faults  in  relation  to  springs  and  artesian  wells  (pp.  35,  40,  59),  principles 
of  artesian  water  (pp.  32-36),  artesian  prospects  (pp.  39,  50,  63,  66), 
putrefaction  by  percolating  waters  (p.  47),  location  of  test  wells  (p.  50), 
artesian  water  of  Moxee  Valley  and  its  source  (pp.  53-60),  temperature 
of  waters  (p.  59),  and  waters  of  the  John  Day  beds  (p.  36). 

481  A  reconnoissance  in  southeastern  Washington. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  4,  pp.  96, 1897. 

Discusses  artesian  principles  (pp.  75-78)  and  local  conditions  (pp.  70, 
78),  and  describes  wells  in  basalt  (pp.  49,  79-83),  alluvium  (p.  85),  and 
the  infiltration  works  at  Walla  Walla  (p.  86).  Concludes  that  the  arte- 
sian area  in  Palouse  region  may  be  extended  westward,  but  that  success- 
ful wells  are  not  likely  in  the  uplands  south  of  Snake  River,  and  pros- 
pects are  doubtful  in  the  canyons.  The  conditiona  in  the  valley  of  the 
Walla  W^alla,  however,  are  more  favorable. 

482  Water  resources  of  a  portion  of  southeastern  Idaho. 

U.S.  Geol.  Surv.,  22d  Ann.  Rept,  pt.  4,  pp.  421-430,  1901. 

Describes  the  physical  characters  of  the  region  and  notes  the  occur- 
rence of  large  springs  (p.  427).  Discusses  the  occurrence  of  artesian 
waters  between  or  beneath  the  deformed  lava  beds  of  the  Snake  River 
region  (pp.  428-430). 

483  — —  Geology  and  water  resources  of  Nez  Perce  County,  Idaho. 

Part  1. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv. ,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  53,  pp.  85, 1901. 

This  paper  is  devoted  mainly  to  the  discussion  of  topography,  geolog}% 
and  soils.  Wells  are  described  on  pages  15,  36,  and  38,  and  springs  on 
pages  20,  27,  33,  36,  38,  39,  80,  and  81.  The  water  capacity  of  the  lava 
(p.  32)  and  the  water  sheets  are  mentioned  in  connection  with  the 
descriptions  of  the  geologic  formations,  and  the  artesian  areas  are 
defined  (pp.  35,40-42).     Solution  basins  are  mentioned  (pp.  83-84). 

484  Geology  and  water  resources  of  Nez  Perce  County,  Idaho. 

Part  2. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  54,  pp. 
54-141,  1901. 

Among  the  topics  discussed  are  springs  (pp.  96-97),  horizontal  wells 
(pp.  98-101),  artesian  well  principles  (pp.  101-104),  artesian  basins 
(pp.  104-115),  methods  of  well  construction  (pp.  109-110,  115-119), 
bibliography  of  artesian  waters  (pp.  130-131),  temperatures  (pp.  106, 
109),  and  regulation  of  flow  (pp.  118-119). 


74  BlBLlOGRAPHiC   REVIEW   OP   PAPERS  [no.  120. 

485  Russell  (Israel  Cook).     Geology  and  water  resources  of  the  Snake 
River  plains  of  Idaho, 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  199,  pp.  192,  1902. 

In  addition  to  the  geology  the  following  topics  are  considered:  (1) 
Springs,  including  spring  conditions  as  represented  by  hillside,  canyon, 
fissure,  and  cavern  types  (pp.  149-152,  162-171),  together  with  their 
temperature  and  relation  to  geology  (pp.  152-154);  (2)  artesian  condi- 
tions (pp.  156-8);  (3)  surface,  rock,  and  artesian  wells,  including  records 
and  temperature  (pp.  17.3-178),  imperfections  of  casing,  etc.  (p.  178); 
(4)  The  Lewis  artesian  basin  (p.  178);  (5)  the  Shoshone  artesian  slope 
(p.  180);  (6)  the  flowing  wells  of  the  alluvium  (p.  181);  and  the 
probable  conditions  beneath  the  eastern  portion  of  the  plains  (p.  183). 
The  full  water  supply  is  not  yet  developed,  the  streams  not  all  being 
utilized.  Wells  are  advised  in  Lewis  and  Shoshone  basins  and  at 
"Hagerman  bend,"  but  great  care  should  be  taken  to  properly  test 
each  stratum  and  to  see  that  the  wells  are  properly  cased  (p.  184-185). 

iS6  Preliminary  report  on  artesian  basins  of  southwestern  Idaho 

and  southeastern  Oregon. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  78,  pp.  53, 
1903. 

Discusses  briefly  the  essential  conditions  (pp.  10-14)  and  surface  indi- 
cations (pp.  14-15)  of  artesian  flows,  and  gives  detailed  descriptions  of 
the  wells  and  springs  of  the  Lewis,  Otis,  Harney,  and  Whitehouse  basins 
(pp.  24-44),  and  of  wells  in  alluvium  (pp.  44-45).  The  geology  of  the 
region  (pp.  16-24),  the  proper  size  and  casing  of  wells  (pp.  45-47),  and 
existing  and  proposed  laws  are  also  considered  (pp.  47-49),  and  a  bibli- 
ography of  important  papers  on  underground  waters  given  (pp.  50-51). 

487 Notes  on  the  geology  of  southwestern  Idaho  and  southeast- 
ern Oregon. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  217,  pp.  83,  1903. 

Describes  common  and  hot  springs  and  artesian  wells,  the  waters  of 
which  are  used  for  irrigation,  baths,  and  heating  purposes  (pp.  23-24). 
The  Lewis,  Otis,  Harney,  and  Whitehouse  artesian  basins  are  discussed, 
and  their  wells,  prospects,  and  the  relation  of  the  water  to  petrology 
considered  (pp.  25,69-79). 

488  Preliminary  report  on  artesian  ])asins  in  southwestern  Idaho 

and  southeastern  Oregon. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  78,  pp.  53, 
1903. 

The  springs  and  wells,  including  the  volume,  temperature,  and  use  of 
well  water  for  irrigation  are  considered  for  the  Lewis,  Otis,  Harney,  and 
Whitehouse  artesian  basins  (pp.  24-44).  Special  subjects  discussed  are 
artesian  conditions  (pp.  10-14),  surface  indications  of  water  (pp.  14-15), 
geology  of  supplies  (pp.  16-24),  artesian  wells  in  alluvium  (pp.  44-45), 
well  construction  (pp.  45-46),  necessity  of  records  (pp.  46^7),  needed 
laws  (pp.  47-49),  and  literature  relating  to  underground  waters 
(pp.  50-51). 


FtTLLER.l  RELATING   TO   UNDERGROUND   WATERS.  75 

489  Russell  (W.  G.).     Investigatioi'js  in  Kansas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  2d  Ann.  Kept.  Reclamation  Service,  1902-3,  pp.  326, 
1904. 

Describes  two  artesian  wells  at  Meade,  Kansas  (p.  1327),  and  mentions 
springs  in  Cimarron  River  Valley. 

s. 

490  Salisbury  (R.  D.)  Chamberlin  (T.  C.)  and.     Preliminary  paper 

on  the  Driftless  Area  of  the  upper  Mississippi  Valley, 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  6th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  199-322,  1885. 
See  Chamberlin  (T.  C.)  and  Salisbury  (R.  D.). 

491.  Schmeckebier  (L.  F.).     Catalogue  and  index  of  the  publications 

of  the  Haj^den,  King-,  Powell,  and  Wheeler  Surveys. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  222,  pp.  208,  1904. 

The  subject  index  includes  entries  of  water  analyses,  artesian  waters, 
artesian  wells,  springs,  and  other  subjects  relating  to  underground  waters. 

492.  Shaler    (Nathaniel   S.).     Report   on    the   geology    of    Marthas 

Vineyard. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  7th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  297-363,  1888. 
Mentions  sulphur  and  chalybeate  springs  in  the  Tertiary  clays  at  Gay 
Head  and  estimates  that  a  How  of  several  thousand  gallons  per  minute 
could  be  developed  by  proper  methods. 

493  The  geolog}'  of  Nantucket. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  53,  pp.  55,  1889. 

Mentions  the  springs  near  Polpis  Harbor  (p.  17)  and  notes  the  absorp- 
tion of  water  by  the  gravels  (pp.  14,  17,  19). 

494  The  origin  and  nature  of  soils. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  12th  Ann.  Rept,  pt.  1,  pp.  213-345,  1891. 

Among  the  points  discussed  are:  Relations  of  ground-water  to  soils 
(pp.  254-255),  formation  of  caverns  (p.  256),  hot  spring  conditions  (p. 
258),  rise  of  water  by  capillarity  (p.  259),  chemical  character  of  ground 
water  (pp.  260,  294),  effect  of  variations  of  water  level  on  soils  (pp.  261, 
341),  crusts  formed  by  the  evaporation  of  ground  water  (p.  307),  and 
contamination  of  well  supplies  (pp.  342). 

495  The  glacial  brick  clays  of  Rhode  Island  and  southeastern 

Massachusetts:  Origin  and  character  of  the  claj^s. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  17th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  957-974,  1896. 

Describes  the  mud  springs  or  mud  volcanoes  in  the  clays  and  ascribes 
them  to  the  escape  of  gases  arising  from  the  decay  of  b^iried  vegetable 
matter  (p.  971). 

496 Geology  of  the  Cape  Cod  district. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18th  Ann  Rept,  pt.  2,  pp.  497-593,  1897. 

Mentions  or  describes  the  springs  near  Woods  Holl,  and  the  wells  of 
the  outwash  plains,  especiallv  those  at  Barnstable  and  Harwich  (pp. 
529-534). 


76  BIBLIOGRAPHIC   REVIEW   OF   PAPERS  [no.  120. 

497  Shepard  (Edward  M.).     Missouri.     [Wells  and  spring  records.] 

U.  S  Geol.  Surv.,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
389-440,  1904. 

Considers  briefly  the  general  underground  water  conditions  (p.  389) 
andgivestablesandnotesonwells(pp.  390-416)  and  springs  (pp.  416— i40). 
The  well  data  include  depth,  head,  source,  temperature,  yield,  quality 
(including  analyses),  records  and  uses;  the  spring  data,  temperature, 
quality  (including  analyses),  yield,  source,  uses,  etc. 

498  Shrader  (Frank  C).     A  reconnaissance  of  a  part  of  Prince  Wil- 

liam Sound  and  the  Copper  River  district,  Alaska,  in  1898. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  20th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  7,  pp.  341-123,  1899. 

Describes  the  occurrence  at  a  Prince  William  Sound  village  of  a  spring 
containing  sulphides  of  iron,  cobalt,  and  possibly  lead  in  solution,  which 
caused  much  sickness  and  death  and  finally  led  to  the  removal  of  the 
village. 

499  Slichter  (Charles  S.).     Theoretical  investigation  of  the  motion  of 

ground  waters. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  19th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  295-384,  1897. 

This  paper  is  a  technical  discussion  of  the  movements  of  ground  water, 
including  general  laws  (pp.  329-333),  laws  of  rectilinear  flow  through 
soil  (pp.  .305-323),  motion  in  horizontal  planes  (pp.  333-344),  motion 
in  vertical  planes  (pp.  351-358),  and  flow  and  interference  of  artesian 
wells  in  groups  (pp.  358-380).  A  number  of  valuable  tables  and  a  bib- 
liography are  given. 

500  The  motions  of  underground  waters. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  67,  pp.  106, 
1902. 

The  paper  is  a  theoretical  discussion,  accompanied  by  records  of 
experiments  and  tables.  The  following  topics  are  considered:  Amount 
of  underground  waters  (pp.  13-15),  permeability  and  porosity  of  rocks 
(pp.  15-17),  cause  and  method  of  determining  flow  (pp.  17-30),  under- 
ground drainage  basins  and  shape  of  water  table  (pp.  31-38),  chlorine 
method  of  measuring  rate  of  underflow  (pp.  46-48),  electrical  apparatus 
for  determining  underflow  (pp.  48-51 ) ,  deep  water  bearing  zones,  includ- 
ing Dakota  and  Potsdam  horizons  (pp.  52-60),  recovery  of  water  by 
wells  and  springs  with  discussions  of  contamination,  variation  of  supply 
and  of  water  table  (pp.  61-73),  use  of  collecting  galleries  and  subsurface 
dams  (pp.  73-78),  and  the  capacity,  measurement  of  flow,  interference, 
and  failure  of  artesian  wells,  with  descriptions  of  the  wells  at  Savannah, 
Georgia  (pp.  79-102). 

501  Smith  (Eugene  A.)  and  Johnson  (Lawrence  C).     Tertiary  and 

Cretaceous  strata  of  the  Tuscaloosa,  Tombigbee,  and  Ala- 
bama rivers. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  43,  pp.  189,  1887. 

Mentions  or  describes  artesian  borings  at  Bladen  Springs,  Alabama 
(pp.  17,67),  Livingston,  Alabama  (pp.  18,84),  and  at  Meridian,  Missis- 
sippi (p.  17). 


FULLER.]  KELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  77 

5U2  Smith  (Eugene  A.).     Alabama.     [Well  records.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv. ,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
276-331,  1904. 

Considers  briefly  the  general  underground  water  conditions  and  gives 
a  large  amount  of  well  data,  including  records,  source,  head,  yield,  tem- 
perature, quality,  analyses,  uses,  etc. 

503  Smith  (George  Otis),  Tower  (George  Warren)  and.     Geology  and 

mining  industry  of  the  Tintic  district,  Utah. 

See  Tower  (George  Warren)  and  Smith  (George  Otis). 

504  Smith  (G^aorge  Otis).     Tintic   Special    folio,  Utah.     Geography 

and  geology. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  65,  pp.  1-4,  1900. 

Notes  the  occurrence  of  springs  and  the  underflow  supplies  of  the 
mines  and  mills  (p.  1). 

505  Geolog}^  and  water  resources  of  a  portion  of  Yakima  County, 

Washington. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water  Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  55,  pp.  68, 
1901. 

Gives  detailed  discussions  of  geology  and  geography  (pp.  12-25)  and 
considers  the  Atanum-Moxee,  Wenas-Selah,  Rye  Grass  Flat,  Coweche 
Valley,  and  other  artesian  basins  in  more  or  less  detail  (pp.  40-48). 
The  source  (pp.  55-56)  and  conditions  (pp.  37-39)  of  ground  and 
artesian  waters,  their  use  for  irrigation  (pp.  53-54),  the  transfer  move- 
ment between  basins  (p.  57),  temperature  (pp.  58-62),  permanency  of 
supply  (p.  62),  decrease  of  pressure  (pp.  62-63),  precautions  to  be 
observed  (p.  63),  and  the  occurrence  of  springs  (pp.  43,  63)  are  also 
considered. 

506  EUensburg  folio,  Washington. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  86,  pp.  7,  1903. 

Discusses  essential  artesian  conditions  and  describes  the  Atanum, 
Wide  Hollow,  and  Moxee  Valley  artesian  basins.  Good  but  not 
unlimited  supplies  can  probably  be  obtained.  The  deep  wells,  some  of 
which  are  thermal;  and  the  shallow  wells,  supplied  by  underflow  from  the 
streams,  are  considered,  as  is  also  the  occurrence  of  springs  throughout 
the  quadrangle  (pp.  6-7). 

507  Mount  Stuart  folio,  Washington. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  106,  10  pp.,  1904. 
Discusses  the  occurrence  of  ground  water  and  springs  (10.  p) . 

508  Smith  (H.  L.),  Clements   (J.   M.),   and.     Crystal   Fails   iron- 

bearing  di.strict  of  Michigan. 
See  Clements  (J.  M.),  and  Smith  (H.  L.) 

509  Smith  (William  Sidney  Tangier).     A  geological  sketch  of  San 

Clemente  Island,  California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18th  Ann.  Kept,  pt.  2,  pp.  459-496,  1897. 
Notes  the  occurrence  of  alkaline  springs  and  mentions  the  penetration 
of  sea  water  into  wells  (p.  465). 


78  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

510  Smith  (William  Sidney  Tangier).     Lead  and  zinc  deposits  of  the 

Joplin  district,  Missouri-Kansas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  213,  pp.  197-204,  1903. 

Discusses  the  relation  of  the  occurrence  of  ores  to  ground-water  level 
and  the  part  played  by  underground  waters  in  ore  deposition  (pp.  200- 
203). 

511  Lead,  zinc,  and  fluorspar  deposits  of  western  Kentuck}^:  The 

veins  and  vein  minerals. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  213,  pp.  210-213,  1903. 
Notes  the  relation  of  ground  water  to  the  ores. 

512  Hartville  folio,  Wyoming. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  91,  p.  6,  1903. 
Considers  briefly  the  prospects  for  artesian  wells  (p.  1). 

513  Darton    (N.    H.)    and.      Edgemont    folio,    South    Dakota- 

Nebraska. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  108,  pp.  10,  1904. 
See  Darton  (N.  H.)  and  Smith  (W.  S.  Tangier). 

51-1  Smith  (William  Sidney  Tangier).     Wells  of  Joplin    [Missouri] 
and  vicinity. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Pai)er  no.  102,  pp. 
404-408,  1904. 

Gives  records  and  analyses  of  waters. 

515  Smjrth  (Henr}-  Lloj'd).     The  Marquette  iron-bearing  district  of 

Michigan:  The  Republic  trough. 

U.S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  28,  pp.  525-553,  1897. 

Ores  are  considered  to  be  in  part  original  and  in  part  concentrated  from 
carbonates  by  circulating  waters  with  removal  of  silica  (pp.  551-553). 

516  Spencer  (Arthur  Coe).     Geology  of  the  Rico  Mountains,  Colo- 

rado: Erosion  of  Rico  Dome  and  recent  geological  history. 

U.S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  152-165,  1900. 

Describes  calcareous  and  ferruginous  spring  deposits  and  the  occur- 
rence of  carbon  dioxide  and  hydrogen  sulphide  gases  (pp.  163-165). 

517 The  copper  deposits  of  the  Encampment  district,  Wyoming. 

U.S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Prof.  Paper  no.  25,  pp.  107,  1904. 
Discusses  the  occurrence  of  ground  waters  in  the  mining  district  (pp. 
44-45)  and  their  relation  to  metamorphism  (p.  36)  and  to  ore  deposition 
(pp.  44,  58-60,  69-70,  80-82) . 

518  Spurr  (Josiah  Edward).     Economic  geology  of  the  Mercur  mining 
district,  Utah. 

U.S.  Geol.  Surv.,  16th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  2,  i)p.  343-455,  1896. 
Discusses  agency  of  hot  waters  and  fumerolic  gases  in  ore  deposition 
(pp. 449-453,  etc.). 


FULLER.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  79 

519  Spurr  (Josiah  Edward).     Geolog}^  of  the  Aspen  mining  district, 

Colorado,  with  atlas. 

U.  S.  Geol.Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  31,  260  pp.  1898. 

Describes  the  solution  and  alteration  of  dolomites,  etc.,  especially  the 
Weber  limestone,  by  percolating  waters  (pp.  24,  30-31 )  and  discusses 
the  action  of  ground  water  in  the  processes  of  dolomitization,  silicifica- 
tion,  and  ferration  (pp.  208-223),  Ore  deposition  is  ascribed  to  ascend- 
ing heated  waters  (p.  232).     An  analysis  of  spring  water  is  given  (p. 213. ) 

520  Ore  deposits  of  Monte  Cristo,  Utah. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  22d  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  777-865,  1901. 

Ascribes  the  ore  deposition  to  circulating  underground  waters  (p.  835), 
and  describes  the  relation  of  ground- water  level  to  ores  (pp.  858-859). 
Many  incidental  references  to  the  character  of  the  solutions  are  given. 

521  Ore  deposits  of  Tonopah  and  neighboring  districts,  Nevada. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  No.  213,  pp.  81-87,  1903. 
Describes  hot  springs  near  Silver  Peak  (p.  86). 

522  Preliminary  report  on  the  ore  deposits  of  Tonapah,  Nevada. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp.  89-110,  1904. 

Discusses  relation  of  ore  deposits  to  hot-spring  action  (p.  99),  and 
notes  the  action  of  circulating  ground  waters  on  cementation  (p.  105) 
and  oxydation  (p.  106). 

523  Stockton  (Fred).     Timbered  areas  and  water  supplv  on  head- 

waters of  Henry  Fork  and  Fall  River  [Idaho]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  2d  Ann.  Rept.  Reclamation  Service,  1902-3,  pp. 
291-295,  1904. 

Describes  character  of  springs  of  the  district  (p.  295). 

524  Stone  (George  H.).     The  glacial  gravels  of  Maine  and  their  asso- 

ciated deposits. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  34,  499  pp.,  1899. 

Discusses  the  transportation  and  erosion  of  fine  material  by  subter- 
ranean streams  and  springs,  the  development  of  "gravel  in  till,"  and 
the  erosion  about  springs  (pp.  18-20).  The  method  of  erosion  about 
springs  is  considered  (pp.  64-67),  and  its  importance  in  the  develop- 
ment of  valleys  noted.  The  effect  on  ice  sheets  of  springs  beneath  their 
base  is  discussed  (pp.  305,  307). 

525  Stone  (Ralph  W.).    Oil  and  gas  lields  of  eastern  Greene  County, 

Pennsylvania. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp.  396-112,  1904. 
Discusses  relation  of  water,  oil,   and  gas    (p.  407),   and   notes   the 
occurrences  of  salt  water  in  wells  (pp.  410-412). 

526  Storrs  (H.  A.).     Electrical  transmission  of  power  for  pumping. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  93,  pp.  237- 
240,  1904. 

Points  out  use  of  electric  power  for  pumping  from  wells  (p.  237). 


80  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

527  Storrs  (H.  A.).     Power  development. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  93,  pp.  311- 
314,  1904. 

Considers  ground  water  as  a  source  of  water  for  pumping  for  irriga- 
tion (pp.  313-314). 

528  Stout  (O.  V.  P.).     Ground  water  at  Kearney,  Nebraska. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  4,  pp.  216-217,  1900. 

Discusses  the  peculiar  variations  of  the  wells,  considering  the  influence 
of  temperature,  river  level,  direction  of  wind,  barometric  pressure,  etc. 
No  satisfactor}^  explanation  has  been  found  for  certain  of  the  variations. 

529  Reclamation  and  water  storage  in  Nebraska. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  93,  pp.  276- 
284,  1904. 

Notes  the  extensive  absorption  of  rain  water  in  the  sand-hill  region  of 
the  North  Platte  (p.  283). 

530  Struthers  (Joseph).     Salt  [1901]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1901,  pp.  853-866,  1902. 
Gives  production  of  salt  from  wells,  springs,  and  other  sources  for  the 
year  1901. 

531  —  Bromine  [1901]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  1901,  pp.  867-868,  1902. 
Gives  production  of  bromine  as  a  by-product  of  brines,  etc.,  for  the 
year  1901. 

532  Bromine. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.  of  U.  S.,  for  1902,  pp.  897-898,  1904. 
Describes  briefly  the  occurrence  of  brines  in  Michigan. 

533  Sudworth  (George  B.).      Stanislaus    and   Lake    Tahoe   Forest 

Reserves,  California  and  adjacent  territory. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  5,  pp.  499-561,  1900. 
The  failure  of  springs  and  wells  at  certain  times  is  mentioned  (p.  508) . 

53-1  Swendsen  (G.  L.).     Investigations  in  Utah. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  2d  Ann.  Rept.,  Reclamation  Service,  1902-3,  pp. 
450-486,  1904. 

Mentions  the  occurrence  of  big  springs  in  body  of  Bear  Lake  (p.  476) . 


535  Taylor  (Thomas  U.).     The  Austin  dam. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  40,  pp.  52, 
1900. 

Notes  the  passage  of  a  stream  of  water  through  the  limestone  beneath 
the  dam,  and  quotes  R.  T.  Hill  on  the  local  geology,  including  the  occur- 
rence of  limestone  cavities  and  the  passage  of  water  along  the  fault 
beneath  the  dam. 


FULLER.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  81 

636  Taylor  (Thomas  U.).     Irrig-ation  systems  of  Texas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  71,  pp.  137, 
1902. 

This  paper  gives  detailed  descriptions  of  the  Trans-Pecos,  Pecos, 
Edwards  Plateau,  San  Antonio,  Nueces,  Leona,  Rio  Grande  and  Colo- 
rado irrigation  systems,  with  special  attention  to  the  systems  used  in 
the  irrigation  of  rice.  In  connection  with  the  discussion  many  large 
springs  and  deep-flowing  and  nonflowing  wells  are  mentioned  and 
described,  especially  those  near  San  Antonio.  Among  the  large  springs 
areTayah(p.  15),San  Pedro  (p.  19),  Santa  Rosa  (p.  19), San  Saba  (p.  30), 
Connel  (p.  40),  and  the  springs  of  Big  Bend  River  (pp.  19-21),  Pecos 
Valley  (p.  21),  Edwards  Plateau  (p.  25),  Del  Rio  (p.  25),  Cienagas  and 
Mud  creeks  (p.  27),  Las  Moras  Creek  (p.  29),  Upper  Nueces  (p.  42), 
Kerr  County  (p.  42),  Bailey  Creek  (p.  46),  Kyac  Creek  (p.  46),  South 
Llano  River  (p.  48),  and  vicinity  of  San  Antonio  (p.  52). 

537  — —  The  water  powers  of  Texas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  105,  pp.  116, 
1904. 

Considers  the  artesian  wells  at  San  Antonio  (pp.  23-25)  and  describes 
in  some  detail  with  illustrations  the  numerous  large  springs  giving  rise 
to  the  streams.  Their  use  for  irrigation  and  power  is  also  considered 
and  measurements  of  flow  given. 

638  Todd  (James  Edward).     The  moraines  of  the  Missouri  Coteau  and 

their  attendant  deposits. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  144,  pp.  71,  1896. 

Notes  the  valuable  springs  of  the  Koto  Hills  (p.  20),  and  the  spring 
and  traverture  deposits  of  the  Pierre  formation  (p.  56).  A  number  of 
well  records,  mainly  shallow,  are  given  (pp.  58-61). 

639  The  moraines  of  southeastern  South  Dakota  and  their  attend- 

ant deposits. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  158,  pp.  171,  1899. 

Describes  copious  springs  of  Jerauld  County  and  considers  the  source 
of  the  water,  the  effect  of  decomposing  pyrite  on  its  character,  and  its 
association  with  landslides  (pp.  19-21).  The  flowing  wells  from  the 
gravels  near  Diana  and  Forrestburg  and  from  the  Dakota  formation  are 
discussed  (p.  125).  A  considerable  number  of  well  records,  mainly 
shallow,  are  given  (pp.  49-51,  73,  74, 120). 

640  Geology  and  water  resources  of  a  portion  of  southeastern 

South  Dakota. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  34,  pp.  34, 
1900. 

Gives  a  map  showing  depth  of  artesian  water  and  describes  the  waters 
from  the  stream  deposits,  drift,  and  Dakota  sandstone.  The  pressure 
and  variations  of  wells  through  interference,  barometric  pressure,  differ- 
ence in  depths  of  supplies,  leakage,  etc.,  are  considered  and  hints  relat- 
ing to  well  construction  and  the  securing  of  permanent  supplies  are 
given  (pp.  26-31).     A  number  of  springs  are  noted  (pp.  23, 24,  26). 

IKR  120—05 6 


82  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

54:1  Todd  (James  Edward).     Olivet  folio,  South  Dakota. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  96,  1903. 
Gives  a  number  of  well  sections  (pp.  1-2)  and  considers  surface 
waters,  springs,  and  underground  waters,  including  waters  of  the  drift 
(pp.  4—5).  The  artesian  supplies  of  the  Niobrara  and  Dakota  forma- 
tions, artesian  pressure  and  its  fluctuation,  variations  due  to  temperature, 
barometric  pressure,  and  leakage,  amount  of  flow,  future  prospects,  and 
methods  of  well  construction  are  also  treated  (pp.  5-6).  Maps  showing 
depths  of  drift,  flowing  areas  of  Pleistocene  formations,  areas  of  flowing 
and  nonflowing  rock  wells,  contours  of  water  surface,  etc.,  are  given. 

542  Parker  folio,  South  Dakota. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  97,  pp.  6,  1903. 

Gives  well  sections  (pp.  1-2).  Describes  surface  waters,  including 
streams,  springs,  and  lakes  (p.  4),  and  subterranean  waters  (pp.  4-5). 
Under  the  latter  heading  shallow  wells,  tubular  wells,  wells  of  the  drift 
and  Dakota  sandstone,  and  supplies  of  Dakota  waters,  including  flow, 
quality,  pressure,  and  decline  are  considered.  A  map  showing  depths 
of  the  drift  and  a  map  giving  areas  of  Pleistocene  flows,  of  areas,  of  flow- 
ing and  nonflowing  Dakota  water,  and  contours  of  water  surface  are 
included. 

543  Mitchell  folio.  South  Dakota. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  99,  pp.  7,  1903. 

Gives  several  well  sections  (pp.  2-3)  and  describes  surface  and  under- 
ground waters,  including  those  reached  by  shallow  and  tubular  wells. 
The  amount,  quality,  pressure,  and  decline  of  artesian  water  is  con- 
sidered, and  maps  showing  depths  of  drift,  depths  of  Sioux  quartzite, 
areas  of  flows  from  the  drift  and  from  Benton  and  Dakota  formations, 
and  contours  of  the  Sioux  quartzite  and  of  artesian  head  are  given. 

544  and  Hall  (C.  M.).     Alexandria  folio,  South  Dakota. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  100,  pp.  6,  1903. 

Gives  artesian  well  sections  (p.  2).  Considers  surface  waters,  streams, 
springs,  shallow  and  tubular  wells,  wells  of  Benton  and  Dakota  forma- 
tions, and  flow,  quality,  and  pressure  of  the  waters  (pp.  4-6).  A  drift 
map  giving  data  in  regard  to  shallow  wells,  a  map  showing  depths  to  the 
Sioux  quartzite,  and  a  map  showing  Pleistocene,  Benton,  and  Dakota 
areas  of  flowing  wells,  of  Dakota  pumping  wells,  and  contours  showing 
head  of  water  are  also  given. 

545  and  Hall  (C.  M.).     Geology  and  water  resources  of  part  of 

the  lower  James  River  Valley,  Sonth  Dakota. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  90,  pp.  47, 
1904. 

Describes  the  Dakota  (pp.  14-18),  Benton  (pp.  18-19),  and  Niobrara 
(p.  20)  water  horizons,  and  gives  a  large  number  of  well  and  other 
records  (pp.  11,  15-17,  pis.  8-21).  Springs  (pp.  35-36),  shallow  and 
pump  wells  (pp.  36-39),  flowing  wells  (pp.  39-43),  decline  in  pressure 
(pp.  42-43),  and  waste  of  water  (p.  43),  are  discussed.  Maps  showing 
the  geology,  depth  of  Dakota  sandstone,  depth  of  drift,  bed-rock  con- 
tours, and  of  flowing  and  nonflowing  areas  accompany  the  paper. 


FULLER.]  RELATING   TO   UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  83 

546  Todd  (James  E.).     Well  records  in  Lyon  County,  Minnesota. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  p.  481, 
1904. 
Gives  table  of  records,  including  depth,  head,  quality,  and  yield. 

547  Huron  folio,  South  Dakota. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  113,  pp.  6,  1904. 

Discusses  occurrence  of  underground  waters,  springs,  and  shallow, 
tubular,  and  artesian  wells  (pp.  4-5).  Waters  are  obtained  from  the 
drift,  Pierre  clay,  and  Benton  and  Dakota  sandstones.  A  section  show- 
ing the  occurrence  of  artesian  waters,  sketch  maps  showing  thickness  of 
drift  and  depth  of  Sioux  quartzite,  and  an  artesian  water-map  showing 
flowing  Dakota  and  drift  areas,  and  the  contours  of  the  Sioux  quartzite 
or  of  the  granite  are  given. 

548  Tower    (George    Warren),    Emmons  (Samuel   Franklin)  and. 

Butte  special  folio,  Montana. 
See  Emmons  (Samuel  Franklin)  and  Tower  (George  Warren). 

549  and  Smith  (George  Otis).     Geology  and  mining  industry  of 

the  Tintic  district,  Utah. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  19th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  3,  pp.  601-767,  1898. 

Considers  the  springs  of  the  district,  the  relation  of  the  mines  to 
ground  water,  and  the  water  supply  furnished  by  wells  in  alluvium. 
In  the  limestone,  fissures  conduct  water  to  the  syncline,  mines  in  the 
higher  portions  of  the  limestone  being  dry.  Water  in  monzonite  does 
not  penetrate  so  deeply  as  in  limestone  (p.  612).  The  supplies  of  the 
mills  are  from  wells  (p.  614).  The  ores,  both  in  the  sedimentary  and 
igneous  rock,  were  deposited  by  circulating  alkaline  sulphide  solutions 
with  temperatures  of  200°  (pp.  714-715).  Alteration  of  ore  deposits  by 
vadose  waters  is  considered  (p.  719). 

550  Tucker  (Frederick  de  L.  Booth).     Colonization. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  93,  pp.  122- 
126,  1904. 
Notes  utilization  of  underflow  for  irrigation  in  India  (p.  122). 

551  Turner  (H.  W.).     Jackson  folio,  California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  11,  pp.  6,  1894. 
Describes  caves  with  stalactites  (p.  3)  and  notes  a  number  of  deep 
borings  (p.  4). 

552  and  Lindgren  (Waldemar).     Marysville  folio,  California. 

See  Lindgren  (Waldemar)  and  Turner.  (H.  W. ). 

553  Downieville  folio,  California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  37,  pp.  8,  1897. 

Describes  the  occurrence  of  warm  springs  along  the  fissures  of  the 
earthquake  of  1876,  and  mentions  the  Sulphur  Spring  resort  and  the 
artesian  wells  of  the  west  side  of  the  Sierra  Valley  (p.  8). 

554  and  Ransome  (F.  L.).     Sonora  folio,  California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  41,  pp.  7,  1897. 
Notes  the  occurrence  of  solution  caverns  in  the  limestone  of  the  Cala- 
veras formation  (p.  2). 


84  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

555  Turner  (H.  W.),  and  Ransome  (F.  L.).    Big  Trees  folio,  California. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  51,  pp.  8,  1898. 
Notes  the  formation  of  salt  by  the  evaporation  of  water  seeping 
through  rock  into  glacial  pot  holes  (p.  7). 

u. 

556  Udden  (J.  A.).     On  account  of  the  Paleozoic  rocks  explored  by 

deep  borings  at  Rock  Island,  Illinois,  and  vicinity. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  17th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  829-849,  1896. 

Includes  descriptions  of  wells  in  Devonian  limestone,  Niagara  lime- 
stone, Hudson  River  shales,  Galena  limestone,  Trenton  limestone,  St. 
Peters  sandstone,  Lower  Magnesian  limestone,  and  Potsdam  formation. 

557  Ulrich  (Edward  O.).     Lead,  zinc,  and  fluor  spar  deposits  of  west- 

ern Kentucky.     Geology  and  general  relations. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.'^213,  pp.  205-210,  1903. 
Notes  the  occurrence  of  channels  of  underground  waters  along  fracture 
hnes  (p.  210). 

558  Hayes  (C.  Willard)  and.     Columbia  folio,  Tennessee. 

See  Hayes  (C.  Willard)  and  Ulrich  (Edward  O.). 

559  Upham  (Warren).     The  upper  beaches  and  deltas  of  the  Glacial 

Lake  Agassiz. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  39,  pp.  84,  1887. 

Contains  references  to  a  considerable  number  of  wells,  mainly  shallow, 
giving  information  relating  to  glacial  deposits. 

560  The  Glacial  Lake  Agassiz. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  25,  658  pp.,  1895. 

Discusses  the  common  and  artesian  wells  of  the  Red  River  A^alley 
(pp.  523-581),  considering  the  sources  of  fresh,  alkaline,  and  saline 
waters,  the  use  of  water  for  irrigation,  and  the  waters  of  the  Dakota  sand- 
stone. The  wells  in  Minnesota,  North  Dakota,  and  Manitoba  are  de- 
scribed. There  are  also  a  large  number  of  incidental  references  to  wells, 
brines,  the  Dakota  sandstone,  and  springs,  many  of  which  are  noted  in 
the  index.     The  occurrence  of  gases  in  water  is  mentioned  (pp.  553-569) 


561  Van  Hise  (Charles  Richard).  Principles  of  pre-Cambrian  North 
American  geology. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  16th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  I,  pp.  571-874,  1896. 

Notes  the  closing  of  physical  pores  in  rocks  by  pressure  below  depths 
of  10,000  meters,  but  states  that  rock-inclosed  liquid-filled  cavities  can 
exist  at  an  indefinite  depth,  or  at  least  to  a  depth  where  the  liquid  and 
rock  are  miscible  in  all  proportions  (pp.  589-593). 

662  The  Marquette  iron-bearing  district  of  Michigan.     Lower 

Marti uctte  series. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Hon.,  vol.  28,  pp.  221-407,  1897. 

The  iron  ores  are  regarded  as  in  part  original  and  in  part  derived 
through  secondary  enrichment  by  downward  moving  waters  of  lean, 
cherty  carbonate  of  lime,  the  silica  being  removed  (pp.  401-405). 


FULLER.]  RELATING   TO   UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  85 

563  Van  Hise  (Charles  Richard),  Leith  (C.  K.),  and  Clements  (J.  Mor- 
gan).    Iron-ore  deposits  of  Lake  Superior  region. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  3,  pp.  305-434,  1900. 

The  accumulation  of  the  Lake  Superior  iron  ores  is  attributed  to 
descending  underground  waters  (pp.  226-228,323,419),  the  action  of 
water  in  the  ore  accumulation  in  the  different  ranges  being  considered, 
as  follows:  Penokee-Gogebic  (pp.  348-351),  Mesabe  (pp.  367-369), 
Marquette  (pp.  381-383),  Menominee  (pp.  396-400),  and  Vermilion 
(pp.  407-408). 

564:  Van  Hise  (C.  R.).  Preliminar}^  report  on  the  lead  and  zinc 
deposits  of  the  Ozark  region.     Introduction. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  22d  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  33-60,  1901. 

Ascribes  the  segregation  of  zinc  in  the  Silurian  limestones  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi Valley  and  in  Missouri  and  Arkansas  to  artesian  circulation, 
deposition  taking  place  in  crevices,  joints,  and.  cavities.  The  nature  of 
the  solutions  is  discussed. 

565  A  treatise  on  metamorphism. 

LT.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  47,  pp.  1286,  1904. 

In  this  elaborate  treatise,  ground  waters  and  their  part  in  metamor- 
phism are  considered  at  great  length.  The  crust  is  divided  into  two 
great  zones  according  to  nature  of  metamorphism,  the  first  known  as 
the  zone  of  katamorphism  and  the  second  as  the  zone  of  anamorphism. 
The  zone  of  katamorphism  is  further  divided  into  an  upper  belt  of 
weathering  and  a  lower  belt  of  cementation.  Among  the  special  points 
considered  are  (1)  rock  openings,  including  bedding  planes,  joints, 
faults,  fissility,  spaces  in  fragmental  rocks,  and  openings  in  lavas;  (2) 
waters  of  the  belt  of  weathering,  including  a  discussion  of  the  water 
table,  amount  and  source  of  water  circulation,  and  fluctuations  depend- 
ing on  barometric  pressure,  temperature,  precipitation,  seepage,  evapora- 
tion, uplift,  subsidence,  influence  of  man,  etc.;  (3)  waters  of  the  belt  of 
cementation,  including  circulation,  temperature,  and  work;  (4)  waters 
of  the  zone  of  anamorphism,  including  quality,  circulation,  limits  of 
depth,  and  work;  (5)  the  part  of  water  in  ore  formation;  and  (6) 
source  of  subterranean  gasses  associated  with  waters.  The  portions 
bearing  on  the  circulation  are  especially  pertinent. 

566  Vaughan  (Thomas  Wayland)  HiU  (Robert  T.)  and.     Nueces  folio, 

Texas. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  42,  pp.  4,  1898. 
See  Hill  (Robert  T.)  and  Vaughan  (T.  Wayland). 

567  Geology  of  the  Edwards  Plateau  and  Rio  Grande  Plain  adja- 

cent to  Austin  and  San  Antonio,  Texas,  with  reference  to 
the  occurrence  of  underground  water. 
See  Hill  (Robert  T.)  and  Vaughan  (T.  Wayland). 

568  Vaughan  (Thomas  Wayland).     Reconnaissance  in  the  Rio  Grande 

coal  fields  of  Texas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  164,  pp.  100,  1900. 

Notes  the  relation  of  the  San  Felipe  Spring  to  joints  (p.  16).  De- 
scribes or  gives  section  of  artesian  wells  or  borings  at  Santo  Tomas, 
Carrizb  Springs,  and  near  the  Rio  Grande  (pp.  25,  37,  41-44,  50-51). 
The  Carrizo  sand  as  a  source  of  water  is  mentioned  (p.  37). 


86  BIBLIOGRAPHIC   REVIEW    OF   PAPERS  [no.  120. 

569  Vaughan  (Thomas  Wayland).     Uvalde  folio,  Texas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.  folio,  pp.  7,  no.  64,  1900. 

Mentions  the  caves  of  the  Edwards  limestone  (p.  1)  and  describes  the 
numerous  springs  at  the  base  of  the  Leona  formation.  The  waters  are 
used  for  irrigation.  The  springs  are  not  associated  with  faults  (p.  6). 
There  are  at  present  no  artesian  wells,  but  artesian  water  may  possibly 
be  found  in  the  Glen  Rose  formation,  but  the  absence  of  springs  makes 
this  seem  improbalile.  The  wells  in  the  surficial  deposits,  basalt,  and 
in  the  sedimentary  formations  including  the  Glen  Rose,  Edwards,  and 
Myrick  are  discussed  (pp.  5-6). 

570  HiU  (Robert  T.)  and.     Au.stin  folio,  Texas. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  "Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  76,  pp.  8,  1902. 
See  Hill  (Robert  T.)  and  Vaughan  (T.  Wayland). 

W. 

571  Walcott  (Charles  Doolittle).     Administrative  report  [1893-94]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  15th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  129-144,  1895. 
Mentions  work  of  G.  K.  Gilbert  on  artesian  waters  of  Pueblo  quadrangle 
of  Colorado  (p.  136). 

572  Report  of  the  Director  [1894-95]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  16th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  1-130,  1896. 

Notes  the  work  of  N.  H.  Darton  on  artesian  prospects  of  the  Atlantic 
Coastal  Plain  (p.  23);  of  Frank  Leverett  on  the  water  supply  of  the 
drift;  of  R.  T.  Hill  on  the  artesian  waters  of  Texas  (pp.  27,  48) ;  of  Law- 
son  on  those  of  San  Francisco  Bay,  and  of  F.  H.  Newell  on  artesian  wells 
in  general  (p.  45).  Investigations  of  artesian  waters  and  springs  in  the 
Nepesta  and  Apeshapa  quadrangles,  Colorado  (p.  25-26)  and  in  the  deep 
wells  of  North  Dakota  (p.  48)  are  also  mentioned.  The  laws  governing 
artesian  investigations  are  quoted  (p.  43),  and  the  measurement  of  springs 
in  Texas  mentioned  (p.  48).  The  output  of  mineral  waters  is  given  as 
21,569,608  gallons,  with  a  value  of  $3,741,846. 

573  Report  of  the  Director  [1895-96]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  17th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  1-200,  1896. 

Notes  the  results  of  work  by  G.  K.  Gilbert  on  artesian  waters  and 
underflow  of  the  Arkansas  Basin  and  Pueblo  and  Apeshapa  sheets  in 
Colorado  (pp.  32,74,80),  of  R.  T.  Hill  on  the  underground  waters  of 
Texas  (pp.  .35,36,80),  of  N.  H.  Darton  on  those  of  North  and  South 
Dakota  (pp.  37,  73,  80),  of  A.  C.  Lawson  in  California  (p.  48),  of  Frank 
Leverett  in  Illinois,  and  of  E.  H.  Barbour  in  Nebraska  (p.  73).  The  gen- 
eral work  of  the  Division  of  Hydrography  on  underground  waters  is 
described  (pp.  70-71)  and  an  analysis  of  a  boring  sample  from  well  at 
Key  West,  Florida,  made  by  the  chemical  department,  noted  (p.  70). 
The  product  of  mineral  waters  is  given  as  21,463,543  gallons,  with  a 
value  of  $4,254,237. 

574  Report  of  the  Director  [1896-97]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18th  Ann.  Rept,  pt.  1,  pp.  1-130, 1897. 

Gives  allotment  for  artesian  work  (p.  20)  and  describes  work  on  arte- 
sian and  other  underground  waters  by  N.  H.  Darton  in  District  of 
Columbia,  Maryland,  and  Virginia  (p.  32),  in  South  Dakota  and 
Nebraska  (p.  73),  by  T.  W.  Vaughan  in  Texas  (pp.  36,  75),  R.  T.  Hill  in 
Texas    (pp.  37,  75),  R.  C.  Hills  in  Colorado  (p.  40),  Frank  Leverett  in 


FULLER.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  »Y 

Ohio  and  Indiana  (pp.  55,57,  72),  A.  C.  Lane  in  Michigan  (p.  72),  E.  J 
Babcock  in  North  Dakota  (p.  73),  E.  H.  Barbour  in  Nebraska  (p.  74), 
and  Erasmus  Haworth  and  \V.  D.  Johnson  in  Kansas  (p.  74).  The 
work  of  WiUiam  Hullock  on  temperatures  of  the  mile-deep  well  near 
Pittsburg  (p.  60)  and  of  E.  C.  Murphy  and  O.  P.  Hood  on  windmills 
and  pumps  is  also  mentioned  (p.  74).  A  summary  of  the  work  of  the 
Division  of  Hydrography  on  artesian  problems  (pp.  70-71) ,  and  statistics 
of  wells  in  the  Mississippi  Valley  are  given.  The  product  of  mineral 
waters  for  1895  is  stated  as  25,795,312  gallons,  with  a  value  of  $4,136,192. 

575  Walcott  (Charles  Doolittle).     Report  of  the  Director  [1897-98]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  19th  Ann.  Eept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  1-143, 1898. 

Describes  the  work  of  N.  H.  Darton  and  F.  H.  Ainsworth  on  well 
temperatures  in  western  Nebraska;  of  E.  T.  Hill  in  the  underground 
waters  of  Black  and  Grand  Prairies,  Edwards  Plateau,  and  Rio  Grande 
Plain  in  T^xas,  and  of  the  Division  of  Hydrography  on  general  under- 
ground investigations.  The  relation  of  ground  water  level  to  the  oxi- 
dation of  ores  in  the  Tintic  district  is  mentioned.  The  product  of  min- 
eral waters  for  1897  is  stated  as  23,255,911  gallons,  with  a  value  of 
$4,599,106. 

576  Report  of  the  Director  [1898-99]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  20th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  11-209, 1899. 

Describes  work  on  underground  waters  by  N.  H.  Darton  in  District 
of  Columbia,  Maryland,  Virginia,  South  Dakota,  and  Texas;  of  R.  C. 
Hills  in  Colorado,  of  Frank  Leverett  in  Indiana,  of  A.  C.  Lane  in  Mich- 
igan, and  of  E.  J.  Babcock  in  North  Dakota.  The  product  of  mineral 
waters  for  1898  is  given  as  28,853,467  gallons,  with  a  value  of  $8,051,833. 
(See  index  of  report.) 

577   Report  of  the  Director  [1899-1900]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  11-204,  1900. 

Gives  a  summary  of  publications  of  the  Survey  relating  to  artesian 
waters,  1879-1900  (pp.  31-32),  and  mentions  the  work  of  the  division 
of  Hydrography  on  underground  waters  (p.  43).  The  allotment  for 
such  work  is  stated  (p.  64).  The  work  of  N.  H.  Darton,  C.  C.  O'Harra, 
and  J.  E.  Todd  on  the  underground  waters  of  the  Great  Plains  and  Black 
Hills;  of  N.  H.  Darton  in  South  Dakota  and  Wyoming;  of  R.  T.  Hill  in 
the  Black  and  Grand  Prairies,  Texas;  of  W.  H.  Weed  on  the  Boulder 
Hot  Springs  of  Montana,  of  W.  A.  Setchell  on  plant  life  of  hydro-ther- 
mal waters  of  the  Yellowstone  National  Park  (p.  80),  and  of  C.  M.  Hall 
in  South  Dakota,  is  reviewed.  The  output  of  mineral  waters  for  1899  is 
given  as  39,562,136  gallons,  with  a  value  of  $6,948,030. 

578  Report  of  the  Director  [1900-1901]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  22nd  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  3-207,  1901. 

Describes  work  on  underground  waters,  by  Frank  Leverett,  in  Mich- 
igan; N.  H.  Darton,  W.  S.  T.  Smith,  J.  E.  Todd,  C.  M.  Hall,  E.  H.  Bar- 
bour, and  C.  C.  O'Harra  in  the  region  including  North  Dakota,  South 
Dakota,  Colorado,  Kansas,  Nebraska,  and  Wyoming;  and  G.  O.  Smith 
and  F.  C.  Calkins  in  Washington;  I.  C.  Russell  in  Idaho;  C.  S.  Shchter 
(underflow  measurements)  in  the  Mississippi  Valley.  Also  notes  work 
of  William  Hallock  on  the  physics  of  geysers,  and  of  N.  H.  Darton  on 
deep  wells  and  their  relation  to  health.  The  product  of  mineral  waters 
for  1900  is  given  as  47,558,784,  with  a  value  of  $6,245,172.  (See  index 
01  report). 


88  BIBLIOGKAPHIC    EEVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

578a  Walcott  (Charles  Doolittle).    Report  of  the  Director  [1901-1902]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  23rd  Ann.  Kept.,  pp.  206,  1902. 

Notes  the  work  on  underground  waters,  by  N.  H.  Darton,  in  Arizona; 
J.  E.  Todd,  in  the  James  River  Valley,  in  South  Dakota;  of  C.  M.  Hall  in 
the  Red  River  Valley,  and  of  N.  H.  Darton  on  the  Great  Plains  and 
Black  Hills  (pp.  40-41 ) .  The  work  of  N.  H.  Darton  on  deep  well  records 
and  underground  temperatures  (p.  41),  of  C.  S.  Slichter  on  movements  of 
water  in  sands  and  gravel  (p.  101),  of  Arnold  Hague  and  AVilliam  Hal- 
lock  on  geysers  and  hot  spring  phenomena  of  the  Yellowstone  National 
Park  (p.  46),  and  of  W.  H.  Weed  on  the  Hot  Springs  of  Arkansas  (p.  62) 
is  also  mentioned.  A  list  of  survey  publications  of  the  year  relating  to 
underground  and  surface  waters  is  given  (pp.  118-119).  The  produc- 
tion of  mineral  waters  for  1901  is  given  as  55,771,188  gallons,  valued  at 
$7,586,962. 

579  Letter  of  transmittal:  FirstAnnual  Report  of  the  Reclamation 

Service,  June  17  to  December  1,  1902. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  1st.  Ann.  Rept.  Reclamation  Service,  1902,  pp. 
12-14,  1903. 

Mentions  deep  well  problems  in  western  Kansas,  western  Nebraska, 
and  in  central  Oregon  (p.  13). 

580 Report  of  the  Director  [1902-1903]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  24th  Ann.  Rept,  pp.  302,  1904. 

Gives  an  account  of  the  organization  of  the  Division  of  Hydrology 
and  the  scope  of  its  work  (pp.  180,  196-213),  and  of  the  Hydro-Economic 
Division  (pp.  213-214).  The  production  of  mineral  waters  for  1902  is 
stated  as  64,859,451  gallons,  with  a  value  of  $8,793,761.  Work  in  the  fol- 
lowing States  is  described:  Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Vermont,  Massa- 
chusetts, Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Georgia, 
Florida,  Minnesota,  Wisconsin,  INIichigan,  Iowa,  Missouri,  Arkansas, 
Louisiana,  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Mississippi,  Alabama,  Arizona,  Cali- 
fornia, Colorado,  Idaho,  Kansas,  Nebraska,  New  Mexico,  North  Dakota, 
Oklahoma,  Oregon,  South  Dakota,  Texas,  Washington,  and  Wyoming. 
Details  of  the  work  of  the  following  men  on  underground  waters  are 
also  given:  N.  H.  Darton,  M.  L.  Fuller,  Arnold  Hague,  WaldmarLind- 
gren,  I.  C.  Russell,  AV.  C.  Alden,  W.  S.  Bayley,  J.  M.  Boutwell,  G.  H. 
Perkins,  W.  O.  Crosby,  Laurence  La  Forge,  H.  E.  Gregory,  A.  C. 
Veatch,  C.  S.  Slichter,  F.  B.  Weeks,  G.  N.  Knapp,  S.  W.  McCallie,  C. 
W.  Hall,  A.  R.  Shultz,  W.  F.  Cooper,  W.  H.  Norton,  E.  M.  Shepard, 
A.  H.  Purdue,  L.  C.  Glenn,  E.  A.  Smith,  L.  C.  Johnson,  G.  B.  Rich- 
ardson, W.  C.  Mendenhall,  W.  T.  Lee,  C.  A.  Fisher,  Homer  Hamlin, 
G.  E.  Condra,  C.  M.  Hall,  D.  E.  Willard,  C.  N.  Gould,  I.  C.  Ru.ssell, 
J.  E.  Todd,  and  C.  C.  O'Harra.  Investigations  on  the  measurement 
of  underflow,  by  C.  S.  Slichter,  on  the  water  .supplies  of  Molokai, 
Hawaiian  Islands,  by  W.  Lindgren,  and  on  the  question  of  diminution 
of  geyser  action  in  the  Yellowstone  National  Park,  are  also  noted. 

581  Warman  (Philij)  Crevelino-).  Hi])lioo-raph3'  and  index  of  the 
pii])licati()ns  of  the  United  States  Geological  Survey,  with 
the  laws  governing-  their  printing  and  distribution. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  100,  pp.  495,  1893. 

Gives  list  of  Survey  publications  to  date  of  issue,  with  tables  of  con- 
tents. The  index  contains  references  to  most  of  the  more  important 
discussions  or  descriptions  relating  to  underground  waters. 


FULLER.  1  RELATING   TO   UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  89 

582  Warman  (Pliilip  Creveling).     Catalogue  and  index  of  the  publi- 

cations of  the  United  States  Geological  Survey,  1880-1901. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  177,  pp.  858,  1901. 

Gives  lists  of  the  Survey  publications,  with  tables  of  contents  of  some. 
Has  an  extended  index  containing  references  to  a  large  number  of 
descriptions  or  discussions  bearing  on  underground  waters. 

583  Catalogue  and  index  of  publications  of  the  United  States 

Geological  Survey,  1901-1903. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  215,  pp.  234,  1903. 

Brings  the  list  of  publications  and  index  of  Survey  papers  to  date, 
being  supplementary  to  Bulletins  100  and  177. 

584  Weed  (Walter  Harvey).     Formation  of  travertine  and  siliceous 

sinter  by  the  vegetation  of  hot  springs. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  9th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  613-676,  1889. 

Among  the  subjects  discussed  are  the  following:  Vegetable  growth  in 
hot  springs  (pp.  620-628),  the  Mammoth  Hot  Springs  and  the  waters  of 
the  Upper  Geyser  Basin  of  Fire  Hole  River,  vegetable  and  chemical 
ingredients  of  the  water,  form,  composition  (with  analyses),  weathering, 
etc.,  of  the  travertine  deposits,  and  analyses  of  hot-spring  waters  and  of 
siliceous  sinter.  Concludes  that  plant  life  of  Mammoth  Hot  Springs 
causes  deposition  of  travertine,  and  that  vegetation  of  hot  alkaline 
waters  of  Geyser  Basin  eliminates  silica  from  the  water  by  the  vital 
growth  and  produces  deposition  of  siliceous  sinter.  The  same  principles 
probably  apply  to  the  sinters  of  Steamboat  Springs,  Nevada,  in  the 
Azores,  and  possibly  in  Iceland  and  New  Zealand. 

585  Iddings  (Joseph  P.)  and.     Livingston  folio,  Montana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  1,  pp.  4,  1894. 
See  Iddings  (Joseph  P.)  and  Weed  (Walter  H.). 

586  and  Pirsson   (Louis    Valentine).     Geology   of    the    Castle 

Mountain  mining  district,  Montana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  139,  pp.  104,  1896. 

Notes  the  occurrence  of  springs  and  the  disappearance  of  streams  into 
gravel  and  limestone  (p.  20).  Describes  caves  and  abandoned  subter- 
ranean channels  in  the  carboniferous  limestone  (p.  40).  The  White 
Sulphur  Hot  Springs,  temperature  125°,  from  the  Miocene  lake  beds,  is 
also  discussed.  The  heat  is  supposed  to  be  from  igneous  intrusions. 
Flow,  1,300  gallons  per  hour.  Spring  is  surrounded  by  sulphur  deposits. 
Hotels  and  a  park  have  been  built  (pp.  150-151). 

587  Yellowstone  National  Park  folio.     Sedimentary  rocks. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  30,  pp.  4-5,  1896. 

Describes  calcareous  deposits  of  hot  springs  and  the  formation  of  sili- 
ceous sinter  through  agency  of  algous  life.  Mentions  the  leaching,  etc., 
by  solfataric  springs  giving  rise  to  the  "paint  pots." 

588  and  Pirsson  (L.  V.).     Geology  and  mineral  resources  of  the 

Judith  Mountains  of  Montana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  18th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  3,  pp.  437-616,  1897. 

Notes  the  common  occurrence  of  springs,  including  large  and  power- 
ful ones  in  shale  and  limestones,  some  of  which  give  rise  to  large  streams 
at  once  (pp.  447,  452-454).     The  springs  of  the  Benton  shale  (p.  513)  and 


90  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

of  the  Cretaceous  beds  (p.  525)  are  described.  The  occurrence  of  under- 
ground drainage  (p.  529)  and  of  deposits  of  limonite  formed  by  waters 
from  the  porphyry  ( p.  152 )  are  noted.  The  ores,  both  original  and  replace- 
ment, are  supposed  to  have  been  deposited  by  ascending  waters  and 
vapors  through  limestone  or  along  faults  (pp.  594-596). 

589  Weed  (Walter  Harvey).     Siliceous  sinter.     The  educational  series 

of  rock  specimens  collected  and  distributed  by  the  United 
States  Geological  Survey. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  150,  pp.  91-93,  1898. 

Describes  character  and  method  of  formation  through  algous  agenc^ 
of  siliceous  sinter  from  the  Yellowstone  National  Park,  and  gives  an 
analysis. 

590  Traverture.     The  educational  series  of  rock  specimens  col- 

lected and  distributed  by  the  United  States  Geological 
Survey. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  150,  pp.  99-101,  1898. 
Explains  origin  and  gives  analysis  of  traverture  from  the  Yellowstone 
National  Park. 

591  Geology  of  the  Little  Belt  Mountains,  Montana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  20th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  3,  pp.  257^61, 1899. 

Mentions  the  interrupted  streams  of  the  limestone  areas  (p.  275),  the 
springs  of  Judith  region  (p.  311 ),  and  notes  theascending  hot  carbonated 
and  sulphide  waters  of  the  Neihart  district  (pp.  420-423). 

592 Hague,  Arnold  [and].     Descriptive  geology  of  Huckleberry 

Mountain  and  Big  Game  Ridge:  Snake  River,  Hot  Springs. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  .32,  pt.  2,  pp.  177-178,  1899. 
See  Hague  (Arnold),  [and  Weed  (W.  H.  )]. 

593  Weed  (Walter  Harvey).     Fort  Benton  folio,  Montana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.  folio  no.  55,  pp.  7,  1899. 

Notes  the  passage  of  Belt  Creek  through  local  underground  passages 
(p.  1).  States  that  the  rocks  underlying  the  flat  areas  between  the 
mountains  would  probably  afford  artesian  waters.  The  surface  supply 
is  insufficient  (p.  6). 

594  Little  Belt  Mountains  folio,  Montana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Geol.  Atlas  of  U.  S.,  folio  no.  56,  pp.  9, 1899. 

Streams  are  reported  dry  in  summer  because  of  absorption  into  under- 
ground passages  of  the  limestones.  Descrilies  the  White  Sulpnur  group 
of  9  springs.  The  water  is  warm  and  has  medicinal  properties,  being 
used  at  the  near-by  hotels  and  baths.     An  analysis  is  given  (p.  8). 

595  Mineral  vein  formation  at  Boulder  Hot  Springs,  Montana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  21st  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  227-255, 1900. 

Describes  ore  deposition  at  Steamboat  Springs,  Nevada,  and  Sulphur 
Bank,  California.  Boulder  Hot  Springs  are  now  depositing  both  vein 
and  surface  deposits,  including  some  gold  and  silver  (pp.  233-235).  The 
waters  have  a  temperature  up  to  164°  and  have  altered  the  adjacent 
granites,  but  although  algfe  are  present  little  silica  is  deposited  (p.  237). 
Surface  waters  penetrated  to  heated  rhyolite  intrusions  and  on  rising  the 
dissolved  minerals  were  deposited  by  cooling  and  release  of  pressure 
(pp.  249-251). 


iTLLER.l  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  91 

596  Weed  (Walter  Harvey).     Ore  deposits  at  Butte,  Montana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  213,  pp.  170-180, 1903. 
Ascribes  ore  deposition  to  hot  solutions  ascending  along  fractures  in 
the  granite  (p.  177). 

597  Gypsum  deposits  in  Montana. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  223,  pp.  74-75, 1904. 

Notes  the  presence  of  gypsum  in  hot  spring  waters  and  the  deposition 
of  gypsum  and  stilbite  in  old  hot  spring  fissures. 

598  Notes  on  the  copper  mines  of  Vermont. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  225,  pp.  190-199, 1904. 

Discusses  the  limits  of  ground  waters  in  certain  of  the  mines  (p.  192). 

599  "Weeks   (Fred  Boug-hton).     Bibliography   and  index   of   North 

American  geolog}',  paleontology,  petrology,  and  mineralogy 
for  1802  and  1893. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  130,  pp.  210, 1896. 

Artesian  wells  are  listed  under  "  Economic  products  described." 

600  Bibliograph}'  and  index  of  North  American  geology,  pale- 

ontology, petrology,  and  mineralogy  for  the  year  1894. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull  no.  135,  pp.  141, 1896. 
Artesian  wells  are  listed  under  "Economic  products  described." 

601  Bibliography  and  index  of  North  American  geology,  paleon- 

tology, petrolog3%  and  mineralogy  for  1895. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  146,  pp.  130,  1896. 

Artesian  wells  and  water  supply  are  listed  under  "  economic  products 
described." 

602  Bibliography  and  index  of  North  American  geology,  paleon- 

tology, petrology,  and  mineralogy  for  1896. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  149,  pp.  152,  1897. 

Artesian  wells,  mineral  water,  and  water  supply  are  listed  under 
"economic  ^^roducts  described." 

603  Bibliograph}"  and  index  of  North  American  geolog}^  paleon- 

tology, petrology,  and  mineralogy  for  1897. 

U.  S^  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  156,  pp.  130,  1898. 

Water  analyses  are  listed  under  "chemical  analyses,"  and  artesian 
water,  artesian  wells,  and  water  supplies  under  "economic  products 
described." 

604  Bibliography  and  index  of  North  American  geology,  paleon- 

tology, petrology,  and  mineralogy  for  1898. 

U.  S^  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  162,  pp.  163,  1899. 

Artesian  water,  artesian  wells,  and  water  supply  are  listed  under  "eco- 
nomic products  described." 

605  Bibliography  and  index  of  North  American  geology,  paleon- 

tology, petrolog}^  and  mineralogy  for  the  j^ear  1895. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  172,  pp.  146,  1900. 

Artesian  water,  artesian  wells,  mineral  waters,  and  water  supply  are 
listed  under  "economic  products  described,"  while  analyses  are  li.sted 
under  "chemical  analyses." 


92  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    REVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

606  Weeks   (Fred    Boughton).     Bibliography   of    North   American 

geology,  paleontology,  petrology,  and  mineralogy  for  the 
years  1892-1900,  inclusive. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  188,  pp.  717,  1902. 

Papers  relating  to  underground  waters  and  springs  are  catalogued 
under  authors. 

607  ^ Index  to  North  American  geolog}^,  paleontology,  petrology, 

and  mineralogy  for  the  years  1892-1900,  inclusive. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  189,  pp.  337,  1902. 

Artesian  water,  artesian  wells,  mineral  water,  and  water  supply  are 
listed  under  "economic  products  described,"  while  analyses  are  listed 
under  "chemical  analyses." 

608  Bibliography  and  index  of  North  American  geology,  pale- 

ontology, petrology,  and  mineralogy  for  the  year  1901. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  203,  pp.  144,  1902. 

Artesian  water,  artesian  wells,  and  water  supply  are  listed  under 
* '  economic  products  described. ' ' 

609  Bibliography  and  index  of  North  American  geology,  pale- 

ontolog}^,  petrology,  and  mineralogy  for  the  yeav  1902. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  221,  200  pp.,  1903. 

Papers  relating  to  underground  waters  are  listed  under  "economic 
products  described"  and  under  "chemical  analyses." 

610  New  York.     [Well  and  spring  records.] 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  102,  pp. 
169-206,  1904. 

Discusses  thegeneral  underground  water  conditions  (pp.  169-171)  and 
gives  tables  and  notes  relating  to  wells  (pp.  172-198)  and  springs  (pp. 
199-206).  The  well  data  include  source,  temperature,  yield,  quality, 
use,  records,  and  analyses;  the  spring  data  temperature,  quality,  yield, 
source,  and  uses. 

611  Bibliography  and  index  of  North  American  geolog}^,  paleon- 

tology, petrology,  and  mineralogy  for  the  3'ear  1903. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  240,  243  pp.  1904. 

Waters  are  more  carefully  indexed  than  in  preceding  volumes,  being 
listed  under  "  chemical  analyses, "  "  economic  products  described,"  etc. 

612  "Whistler  (John  T.).     Investigations  in  Oregon. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  2d  Ann.  Kept.  Reclamation  Service,  1902-3,  pp. 
433-440,  1904. 

Notes  occurrence  of  large  springs,  some  thermal,  at  Bonanza  (p.  439). 

610  White  (Charles  A.).     Correlation  Papers.     Cretaceous. 

U.-S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  82,  pp.  273,  1891. 

Discusses  artesian  water  of  the  Dakota  formation  (p.  171)  and  refers 
to  wells  or  gives  records  of  borings  in  New  Jersey  (p.  79)  Virginia 
(p.  90)  and  elsewhere. 

611  White  (Israel    C).     Stratigraphy  of  the  bituminous  coal  held  of 

Pennsylvania,  Ohio,  and  West  Virginia. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  65,  pp.  212,  1891. 

Gives  several  sections  made  up  in  whole  or  in  part  of  well  borings. 


FULLER.]  RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS.  93 

615  Whitfield  (James  Edward),  G-ooch  (Frank  Austin)  and.     Analy- 

sis of  waters  of  the  Yellowstone  National  Park  with  an 
account  of  the  methods  of  analysis  employed. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  47,  pp.  84,  1888. 

See  Gooch  (Frank  Austin)  and  Whitfield  (James  Edward). 

616  [Williams,  J.  Albert].     Salt. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.,  1882,  pp.  532-553,  1883. 

Gives  the  number,  average  depth,  and  strength  of  brines  of  wells  of 
different  States  (p.  532),  with  more  specific  references  on  subsequent 
pages  to  the  salt  wells  of  Michigan,  New  York,  West  Virginia,  Ohio,  etc. , 
and  to  the  saline  springs  of  New  York,  Montana,  Dakota,  Colorado, 
Pacific  coast,  Nevada,  California,  Oregon,  Idaho,  and  Arizona  (pp. 
535-550). 

617  Sulphur. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.,  1882,  pp.  578-579,  1883. 
Mentions  sulphur  springs  of  the  Rocky  Mountains. 

618  Administrative  report  [1884-85]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  6th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  88-93,  1885. 

In  a  summary  of  mineral  products  of  the  United  States  the  outputs  of 
mineral  waters  for  1883  and  1884  are  given  as  47,289,743  and  68,720,936 
gallons,  with  values  of  $1,139,483  and  $1,665,490,  respectively. 

619  Salt. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Min.  Res.,  1883-84,  pp.  827-850,  1885. 

Gives  more  or  less  descriptive  matter  relating  to  the  salt  wells  or  bor- 
ings of  Michigan,  New  York,  Ohio,  Virginia,  Illinois,  Indiana,  Ken- 
tucky, Tennessee,  Kansas,  California,  and  Nebraska,  and  to  saline 
springs  of  New  York,  Illinois,  Indiana,  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Kansas, 
Nebra.ska,  Montana,  South  Dakota,  and  Colorado. 

620  Administrative  report  [1885-86]. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  7th  Ann.  Rept.,  pp.  130-134,  1888. 

Gives  the  product  of  mineral  waters  for  1885  as  9,148,401  gallons,  with 
a  value  of  $1,312,845.  The  decrease  is  due  to  the  exclusion  of  certain 
Wisconsin  artesian  wells. 

621  Wilson  (Herbert  M.).     Irrigation  in  India. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  12th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  2,  pp.  363-561,  1891. 

Describes  pump  wells  (p.  369)  and  wells  for  irrigation  (pp.  415,  496). 
Underground  seepage  waters  are  sometimes  valuable  for  irrigation  where 
labor  is  cheap,  but  it  is  doubtful  if  they  will  ever  be  extensively  used  in 
America  (p.  415).  Methods  of  pumping,  including  several  depending 
on  animal  power,  are  considered  (pp.  423-425).  Loss  from  streams  by 
percolation  and  absorption  is  described  (pp.  431-434) . 

622  American  Irrigation  Engineering. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  13th  Ann.  Rept.,  pt.  3,  pp.  101-350,  1892. 

Considers  springs,  ground  water,  artesian  water,  etc.,  as  sources  of 
supply  (pp.  113-114),  and  discusses  seepage  (p.  114).  Detailed  descrip- 
tions of  subsurface  supplies  and  the  methods  of  collecting  by  submerged 
dams,  collecting  canals,  tunnels,  etc.,  are  given  (pp.  327-330).  The 
"duty"  of  well  water  in  Utah  (p.  157),  the  volume  and  movement  of 
ground  water  (p.  328),  and  pumping  and  lifting  methods  (pp.  162,  332- 
328)  are  also  considered. 


94  BIBLIOGRAPHIC    EEVIEW    OF    PAPERS  [no.  120. 

623  Wilson  (Herbert  M.).     Pumping  waters  for  irrigation. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  1,  pp.  56, 
1896. 

Contains  a  discussion  of  the  kinds  of  pumps  (p.  17),  including  animal 
motive  powers  (pp.  20-25),  windmills  (pp.  25-35),  water  wheels  and 
hydraulic  rams  (pp.  35-15),  hot  air  and  gasoline  pumps  (pp.  45-46), 
steam  pumps  (pp.  46-50),  centrifugal  and  rotary  pumps  (pp.  50-51), 
and  mechanical  and  siphon  elevators  (pp.  51-54).  The  relative  effici- 
ency and  cost  are  given  (pp.  15,  16,  19,  etc.).  The  descriptions  of  the 
methods  of  ancient  or  semicivilized  peoples  are  of  special  interest. 

624  Irrigation  in  India. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  AVater-Supply  and  Irrigation  Paper  no.  87,  pp.  238, 
1903. 

This  is  a  revised  edition  of  paper  on  same  subject  appearing  in  the 
Twelfth  Annual  Report.  Very  few  new  facts  relating  to  underground 
waters  are  presented. 

625  Winslow  (Artliur).     The  disseminated  lead  ores  of  southeastern 

Missouri, 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  132,  pj).  31,  1896. 

Contains  a  number  of  boring  records  and  notes  on  fissure  and  crevice 
systems  in  their  relation  to  the  deposition  of  the  ores  by  circulating 
waters. 

626  Woodworth  (Jay  Backus).     The  glacial  brick  clays  of  Rhode 

Island  and  southeastern  Massachusetts:  Geology  and  geog- 
raphy of  the  clays. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  17th  Ann.  Kept.,  pt.  1,  pp.  975-988,  1896. 

Describes  the  mud  springs  or  mud  volcanoes  in  the  clays  at  Barring- 
ton,  Rhode  Island,  and  at  Titicut,  Massachusetts.  They  are  thought  to 
be  due  to  water  passing  downward  beneath  the  clay  through  the  fore- 
sets  of  adjacent  sand  plains  and  forcing  its  way  upward  through  the  clay 
(p.  988). 

627  Geology  of  the  northern  and  eastern  portions  of  the  Narra- 

gansett  Basin. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Mon.,  vol.  33,  pp.  91-214,  1899. 
Gives  records  of  deep  borings  in  Rhode  Island  (pp.  161  and  171)  and 
in  Massachusetts  (pp.  170,  198). 

628  Wright  (George  Frederick).     The  glacial  boundary  in  western 

Pennsylvania,  Ohio,  Kentucky,  Indiana,  and  Illinois. 

U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  58,  pp.  39-110,  1890. 
Describes  an  artesian  well  at  Oberlin,  Ohio  (p.  47),  and  mentions  a 
number  of  surface  wells. 


CLASSIFIED  KEY  TO  PRINCIPAL  SUBJECT  ENTRIES  IN  INDEX. 


Absorption  of  water  by —  Page. 

Fissures 101 

Granite 101 

Gravel 101 

Lava 101 

Limestone 101 

Pumice 101 

Rocks  in  general 101 

Sand  hills 101 

Sinks 101 

Absorption  of  water  of— 

Canals 101 

Rainfall 101 

Streams,  including  lost  rivers  and  intermittent  streams 101 

General 101 

Analyses - 101 

Brines 101 

Mine  waters 102 

Public  supplies 102 

Spring  deposits 102 

Spring  waters 102 

Well  incrustation 102 

Well  waters 102 

Work  of  United  States  Geological  Survey  on 102 

General  paper 102 

Artesian  requisites  and  conditions,  general 103 

Bibliographies  containing  reference  to  underground  waters 103 

Breathing  or  blowing  wells 103 

Brines  and  salt  waters 103 

Descriptions 103 

General 103 

Capacity  of  materials 104 

Circulation  and  movements  of  underground  waters 104 

Causes 104 

Descriptions 104 

Classification 104 

Springs 104 

Underground  waters 104 

Composition  or  quality 105 

Springs 105 

AVells  and  underground  waters 105 

General  papers 106 

Contamination 106 

Springs 106 

Wells 106 

Cost  of  pumping 106 


96      '  CLASSIFIED    KEY    TO    THE    INDEX.  [no.  120. 

Page. 

Cost  of  wells 106 

Deposits  by  underground  waters 106 

Cave  waters 106 

Ground  waters 106 

Mine  waters 106 

Springs 106 

Wells 106 

General  papers 106 

Discharge 106 

Springs 106 

Decrease 107 

Measurements 107 

Statistics  107 

Wells 107 

Decrease 107 

Failure 107 

Fluctuations 107 

Measurements 107 

Regulation 107 

Statistics 107 

General 107 

Experiments •. 107 

Flow  of  water  in  porous  media 107 

Motion  of  underground  waters 107 

Faults,  relation  of  springs  to 107 

Faults,  relation  of  wells  to 108 

Fissures 108 

Absorption  of  water  by 108 

Movement  of  water  in 108 

Relation  of  springs  to 108 

Waters  of 108 

Fluctuations  of  groundwater  level 108 

Barometric  pressure,  effect  of 108 

Causes  of 108 

Descriptions  or  discussions ^ 108 

Folds,  relation  of  springs  to 108 

Geysers 108 

Geyser  action 108 

Hydrologic  work  on  underground  waters 109 

Individuals 109 

United  States  Geological  Survey 109 

Instruments  for  measuring  underflow Ill 

Joints,  relation  of  springs  to Ill 

Joints,  waters  in HI 

Laws  relating  to  underground  water HI 

Mine  waters 1 13 

Deposits 113 

Descriptions 1 1-3 

Use  for  water  supply 113 

Mineral  waters 113 

Bibliography 113 

Economic  [iroducts 113 

Production  in  the  United  States 113 


FULLEH.J                          CLASSIFIED    KEY    TO    THE    INDEX.  97 

Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in  formation  of —  Page. 

General  relations 116 

Localities 116 

Porosity 117 

Rocks 117 

Sands 117 

Soil 117 

General 117 

Public  supplies  from  underground  sources 117 

Pumping  and  other  methods  of  lifting  water 117 

Cost 117 

Descriptions 117 

Pumping  machinery 117 

Efficiency 117 

Types 117 

Turbines 117 

Windmills 117 

Records 117 

Geologic 117 

Borings  and  wells 117 

Statistical 118 

Springs 118 

Wells 118 

Seepage 118 

Solution  by  underground  waters,  work  of - 118 

Basins 118 

Caves  and  caverns 118 

Channels 118 

Coves 118 

Fissures 118 

Sinks 118 

General 118 

Springs _ 119 

Classification 119 

Descriptions 119 

Springs  in  general 119 

Localities 119 

General  papers 120 

Types  of  waters 120 

Alum 120 

Brine 120 

Chalybeate 120 

Oil  and  gas 120 

Sulphur 120 

Solfataras 120 

Thermal  springs 120 

Structures 121 

Collecting  ditches 121 

Collecting  galleries 121 

Collecting  and  drainage  tunnels 121 

Infiltration  works 121 

Subsurface  dams 121 

Underflow  canals 121 

IRR  120—05 7 


98                                   CLASSIFIED    KEY    TO    THE    INDEX.                         [no.  120. 

Page. 

Temperature 121 

Springs 121 

Wells 121 

General  papers 121 

Underground  water,  movements  of 122 

Underground  waters,  occurrence  of - 122 

Formations - 122 

Arikaree , 122 

Benton 122 

Berea  grit - 122 

Blackwater  hole  bed 122 

Brule  clays , 122 

Calaveras 122 

Chadron 123 

Chattanooga  shale 123 

Chesapeake 123 

Chester  Valley  limestone • 123 

Chickies  quartzite 123 

Clinton 123 

Columbia 123 

Comanche  Peak 123 

Corniferous  limestone 123 

Corsicana 123 

Cretaceous  marl 123 

Dakota  sandstone 123 

Denison 1 23 

Devonian  limestone 1 23 

Edwards  limestone - 123 

Galena  limestone 1 23 

Gering 123 

Glen  Rose - 1 23 

Hudson  River  shales 1 23 

John  Day - 123 

Knox  dolomite 123 

Lafayette 1 23 

Lakota  sand.stone 123 

Laramie 123 

Leona 123 

Lower  Magnesian  limestone 123 

Magophy 123 

Manasquan 123 

Marshall 123 

Matawan ]  23 

Medina 123 

Middle  marl 123 

Minnekahta 123 

Minnelusa 1 23 

Monmouth - 1-3 

Myrick -■ 123 

Navesink 123 

Newark 1 23 

Newman  123 

Niagara  limestone .-  123 


iLiLi,i:i{.]                          CLASSIFIED    KEY    TO    THE    INDEX.  99 

Uuderground  waters,  oc;currence  of — Continued.                                           _  Page. 

Formations — Continued. 

Niobrara 123 

Ogallala 1 23 

Ohio  shale 123 

Onandaigua 123 

Pahasapa ^ 123 

Paluxy 123 

Pamunkey 123 

Payette 124 

Pierre  shales 124 

Poison  Canyon 124 

Potomac 124 

Potsdam  sandstone 124 

Rancocas 124 

Raritan 124 

Red  Bank 124 

Rutledge  limestone : 124 

St.  Peter  sandstone 124 

Severn  124 

Shark  River 124 

Sioux  quartzite 124 

Travis  Peak 124 

Trenton  limestone 124 

Trinity : 124 

Upper  Heldeberg  limestone 124 

Waverly 124 

Wissahickon  gneiss 124 

Woodbine 124 

Materials 124 

Alluvium 124 

Andesite 124 

Basalt 124 

Crystalline  rocks 124 

Delta  deposits .- 124 

Dolomites 124 

Drift 124 

Dune  sands 124 

Granite ^ 124 

Gravel  124 

Igneous  rocks 124 

Lava ...  124 

Limestone 124 

Sand 124 

Sandstone 124 

Serpentine 124 

Shale 124 

Stream  deposits 124 

Structures 124 

Earthquake  fissures 124 

Faults 124 

Fissile  rocks 124 

Fissures 124 

Joints 124 


100  CLASSIFIED    KEY    TO    THE    INDEX.  [no.  120. 

Underground  waters,  occurrence  of — Continued.  Page. 

Structures — Continued. 

Underground  channels 124 

Vesicules 124 

Systems 125 

Silurian 125 

Devonian 125 

Carboniferous 125 

Cretaceous _ 125 

Tertiary 125 

Eocene 125 

Miocene 125 

Neocene 125 

Oligocene 125 

Quaternary 125 

Pleistocene 125 

Underground  waters,  work  of 125 

Alteration  of  rocks 125 

Cementation 125 

Dolomitization 125 

Enlargement  of  quartz  grains 125 

Ferration 125 

Landslides 125 

Metamorphism 125 

Oxidation 1 25 

Petrifaction 125 

Silicification 125 

Weathering 125 

United  States 125 

Principal  survey  publications  on  underground  waters 125 

Uses  of  underground  waters 125 

Springs 125 

Bathing 125 

Heating 125 

Irrigation ]  25 

Medicinal 125 

Power 1 25 

Resorts 125 

Public  supplies 125 

General 125 

Wells 126 

Bathing - 126 

Heating 126 

Irrigation 126 

Lake  supi)lies 126 

Power 1 26 

Water  supplies 126 

(General 126 

Wells  and  borings 127 

Construction 127 

Arrangement 127 

Drilling  and  casnig 127 

Testing 1 27 

Contamination  of 127 

Interference  of 1 27 


INDEX 


[The  numbers  refer  to  entries  in  the  liibliographic  review.] 


Absorption  of  water  by — 
Fissures,  284. 
Granite,  284. 

Gravel,  Massachusetts,  493. 
Lava: 

Arizona,  428. 

Idaho,  473. 

Oregon,  289. 
Limestone: 

Montana,  336. 

New  York,  455. 
Pumice,  Oregon,  289. 
Rocks  in  general: 

California,  286. 

Colorado,  149. 
Sand  hills,  Nebraska,  529. 
Sinks: 

General,  500. 

Michigan,  364. 
Absorption  of  water  of — 

Canals  (see  also  Seepage),  New  York,  465. 
Rainfall,  149,  454. 

Streams,  including  lost  rivers  and  intermit- 
tent streams: 

Alabama,  362. 

Arid  regions,  342. 

Arizona,  127,  128,  463a. 

California,  287. 

Colorado,  175,  345. 

India,  621,  624. 

Kansas,  213. 

Michigan,  371. 

Montana,  10,  586,  591,  598,  594. 

Nebraska,  273. 

North  Carolina,  371. 

Oregon,  288,  289. 

Rio  Grande  Basin,  437. 

Tennessee,  219. 

Texas,  243. 

General,  435. 
General,  Nebraska,  100. 
Alabama. 

Absorption  of  water  from  rivers,  362. 
Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  225. 
Principal  survey  publications  (well  records), 
502. 


Alabama— Continued. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392. 
Descriptions,  392. 
Measurements,  204. 
Quality,  392. 
Use,  392,  406. 
Yield,  392,  406. 
Underground  waters,  437,  502. 
Wells  and  borings: 
Analyses,  59,  502. 
Descriptions,  502. 
Quality,  502. 
Records,  501,  502. 
Temperature,  95,  502. 
Uses,  502. 
Yield,  502. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,  580. 
Alaska. 

Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  325. 
Springs: 

Deposits,  70. 
Descriptions: 

Mineral,  392,  498. 
Oil,  gas,  and  sulphur,  325. 
Sulphur,  70. 
Quality,  392. 
.  Temperature,  392. 
Use,  392. 
Yield,  392. 
Algiers. 

Wells,  use  for  irrigation,  337. 
Alluviuin,  occurrence  of  waters  in,  101,  215,  549. 
Alteration  of  rock.«  by  springs,  201,  311,  587,  595. 
Analyses. 
Brines: 

England,  131. 
France,  131. 
Michigan,  131. 
New  York,  131. 
Ohio,  449. 
Ontario,  131. 
Pennsylvania,  131. 
South  Dakota,  102. 
United  States,  120. 
Virginia.  131. 
West  Virginia,  131. 
Wyoming,  102. 

101 


102 


INDEX    TO    PAPERS 


[NO.  120. 


Analyses— (.'olitinued. 
Mine  waters: 
Colorado,  144. 
Nevada,  20. 
Pennsylvania,  294. 
Public  supplies: 

Vermont,  420. 
Spring  deposits: 

Siliceous  sinter,  Montana,  589. 
General,  260. 
Spring  waters: 
Alabama,  392. 
Alaska,  392. 

Arkansas,  59,  60,  392,  446. 
California,  53,  60,  308,  392,  477. 
Colorado,  60,  392,  461,  .519. 
Connecticut,  183,  392. 
Dakot<as,  392. 
Delaware,  392. 
Florida,  169,  392. 
Georgia,  327,  392. 
Idaho,  392. 
Illinois,  60,  392. 
Indiana,  392.    ■ 
Indian  Territory,  392. 
Iowa,  392. 
Kansas,  392. 
Kentucky,  392. 
Louisiana,  392. 
Maine,  18,  392. 
Maryland,  392. 
Massachusetts,  73,  139,  392. 
Michigan,  71,  280,  392. 
Minnesota,  207,  392. 
Mississippi,  392. 
Missouri,  62,  63,  392,  497. 
Montana,  53,  54,  55,  392,  594. 
Nebraska,  392. 
Nevada,  53,  392,  476. 
New  Hampshire,  29,  392. 
New  Jersey,  392. 
New  Mexico,  55,  59,  64,  392. 
New  York,  64,  392. 
North  Carolina,  60,  392. 
Oregon,  53,  313,  392,  427. 
Pennsylvania,  294,  392. 
Porto  Rico,  241. 
Rhode  Island,  74,  392. 
South  Carolina,  392. 
South  Dakota,  89,  392. 
Tennessee,  61,  364,  392. 
Te.\as,  392. 
United  States,  392. 
Utilh,  .53,  56,  392. 
Vermont,  392,  420. 
Virginia,  .53,  54,  56,  392. 
Wasliiiigtoii,  392,  426. 
West  Virginia,  392. 
Wisconsin,  392. 
Wyoiiuiig,  54,  58,  65,  178,  392. 
Yellowstone   National   Park,  .54,  58,  178, 
191,  393. 
Well  incrustations,  Pennsylvania,  55. 
Well  waters: 

Alabama,  59,  .502. 
Arizona,  283. 
•  Arkansas,  446. 


Analyses— Continued. 

Well  waters— Continued. 
Colorado,  138,  174. 
Connecticut,  183. 
Florida,  61, 169. 
Georgia,  59,  327. 
Illinois,  9,  300. 
Indiana,  9,  301. 
Iowa,  56. 

Kentucky,  61,  177. 
Louisiana,  210. 
Maine,  IS. 

Massachusetts,  61,  73,  139, 140. 
Michigan,  71,  280. 
^Missouri,  60,  514. 
Nebraska,  103. 
New  Hampshire,  29. 
New  Y'ork.  610. 
North  Carolina,  97. 
Pennsylvania,  294. 
Rhode  Island,  74. 
South  Dakota,  89.  102,  103. 
Texas,  239. 
Vermont,  420. 
Virginia,  97. 
Wyoming,  58,  102. 
Work  of  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey  on,  57, 

167,  168. 
General  paper: 

Methods  of  analysis,  57. 
Andesite,  occurrence  of  waters  in,  458. 
Anticlines,  relation  of  springs  to,  in  Wyoming, 

136. 
Arid  regions,  absorption  of  streams,  342. 
Arikaree  formation,  occurrence  of  waters  in,  90, 

101. 
Arizona. 

Absorption  of  streams,  127,  128,  463a. 

Brines,  616. 

Mine  waters,  463. 

Mineral  w'aters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  462,  463,  463a,  465. 
Porosity  of  gravel,  283. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 
Irrigation  near  Phoenix,  106. 
Underground  waters  of  Gila  Valley,  283. 
Underground  waters  of  Salt  River  Val- 
ley, 251. 
Water  resources  of  Salinas  Valley,  208. 
Seepage,  106,  362. 
Seepage  ditches,  283. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392. 

Descriptions,  127,  128,  290,  :»2,  428. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Use,  392,  406. 
Y'ield,  392,  406. 
Underground  waters: 
Circulation,  283. 
Composition,  25. 
Descriptions,  106,  282,  283,  465. 
Evaporation,  84. 
Experiments  on  motion,  283. 
Movements,  283. 


FrT.LER.] 


KELATING   TO   UNDERGKOUND    WATERS. 


103 


Arizona — Continned. 
Wells: 

Capacity,  283. 
Composition,  283. 

Descriptions,  283,  346,  362,  463a,  465. 
Irrigation,  107,  282. 
Pumping,  106,  282,  283. 
Records,  283,  463. 
Statistics,  106. 
Tests,  283. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  104,  471,  580. 
Arkansas. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  5,  6,  11,  223,  564. 
Principal  Survey  publication  ( well  and  spring 

records),  446. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  59,  60,  392,  446. 
Descriptions,  1,  392,  446. 
Quality,  392,  446. 
Temperature,  392,  446. 
Uses,  392,  406,  446. 
Yield,  392,  406,  446. 
Underground  waters: 
Circulation,  5,  6,  11. 
Occurrence,  446. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  446. 
Descriptions,  446. 
Quality,  446. 
Records,  446. 
Temperature,  95. 
Yield,  446. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167, 471,  580. 
Artesian  requisites  and  conditions,  general,  45, 
138,  242,  245,  328,  333,  334,  437,  480,  481,  484,  488, 
500,  506,  561.- 
Artesian  waters.    See  Underground  waters. 
Ai-tesian  wells.    See  Wells. 
Atlantic  Coastal  Plain,  general. 
Underground  waters,  86. 
Water  horizons,  86. 
Wells,  86. 

Work  of  tlie  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  572. 
Azores,  springs,  584. 
Basalt,  occurrence  of  water  in,  569. 
Bathing,  use  of  wells  and  springs  for,  148,  317,  426, 

4,S7,  594. 
Bedding  planes,  waters  in,  565. 
Benton  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  543, 

544,  545,  588. 
Berea  grit,  occurrence  of  water  in,  280. 
Bibliographies  containing  references  to  >mder- 
ground  waters — 
Geology,  78,  79,  80,  81,  85,  599,  600,  601,  602,603, 

604,  605,  606,  607,  609,  611. 
Groundwater  movements,  499. 
Hayden,    King,    Powell,  and    Wheeler  sur- 
veys, 491. 
Irrigation  literature,  32. 
Survey  publications,  lists  of,  166,  227,  233,  577, 

578a,  581,  582,  583. 
Underground  waters,  general,  484,  488,  677. 
Boring,  methods  of.    See  WeUs  and  borings,  con- 
struction. 


See  Records;  also  Wells. 
Breathing  or  blowing  wells. 
Great  Plains,  214. 
Nebraska,  14. 
Brines  and  salt  waters. 
Descriptions: 
Arizona,  616. 

California,  112,  134,  616,  619. 
Colorado,  616,  619. 
Dakotas,  616. 
Idaho,  112,  616. 
Illinois,  619. 
Indiana,  379,  422,  619. 
Kansas,  213,  450,  619. 
Kentucky,  619. 
Louisiana,  226,  235. 

Michigan,  112,  280,  448,  4.51,  532,  616,  619. 
Minnesota,  560. 
Montana,  616,  619. 
Nebraska,  4,  14,-  619. 
Nevada,  112,  616. 

New  York,  112,  448,  449,  4.50,  451,  616,  619. 
North  Dakota,  560. 
Ohio,  108,  379,  449,  616,  619. 
Pennsylvania,  525. 
South  Dakota,  102,  619. 
Tennessee,  619. 
Texas,  226,  229. 
Virginia,  131,  619. 
Western  Gulf  coast,  2. 
West  Virginia,  108,  449,  616. 
Wyoming,  4,  102. 
General: 

Brines  as  a  source  of  bromine.  111,  118. 
Brines  as  a  source  of  iodine,  109. 
Brines  as  a  source  of  potassium  salts,  120. 
Brines  as  a  source  of  salt,  381,  382,  383, 384, 

385,  386,  387,  388,  389,  616. 
Brines,  origin  of,  422. 
Brines,  chemistry  and  production  of,  51. 
Relations  of  salt  water  to  the  occurrence 
of  oil  and  gas,  150,  226,  525. 
Bromine  from  mineral  waters,  111,118. 
Brui^  shale,  occurrence  of  water  in,  4,90,101. 
Calaveras  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  554. 
California. 

Absorption  of  streams,  281. 

Brines,  112,134,616,619. 

Caves,  551,554. 

Geysers,  121. 

Mine  waters,  312. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formtion  of,  22, 308, 595. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 

Development  and  application  of  water 
near  San  Bernardino,  Colton,  and  River- 
side, 321, 322. 
California  hydrography,  323.. 
Irrigation  near  Bakersfield,  187. 
Irrigation  near  Fresno,  188. 
Storage  of  water  on  Kings  River,  320. 
Water  storage.  Cache  Creek,  49. 
Water  supply  of  San  Bernardino  Valley, 
319. 
Pumping,  general,  365. 


104 


INDEX    TO    PAPERS 


[NO.   120. 


California— Continued. 
Seepage,  188, 320, 322. 
Solfataras,121. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  53, 60, 308, 392, 477. 

Brine,  134. 

Composition,  22, 308, 392, 477. 

Deposits,  67, 121, 308, 477. 

Descriptions,  22,  105,  121, 134,  148,  170,  251, 

286, 307, 312, 319, 321, 392, 458, 477, 509. 
Failure,  533. 
Occurrence  on— 

Earthqualje  fissure,  477, 553. 
Faults,  477, 553. 
Temperature,  392. 
Thermal,  22, 121, 553. 

Bathing,  148. 
Irrigation,  477. 
Resorts,  406. 
General,  392. 
Yield,  392, 406. 
Tunnels,  collecting,  287, 323, 366. 
Underground  waters: 

Absorption  by  rocks,  286. 

Circulation,  321. 

Composition,  320. 

Descriptions,  105, 188, 208, 287, 321, 347, 362. 

Movement  of  underflow,  rate  of,  321. 

Occurrence: 

Delta  deposits  and  gravel  fans,  320, 

323. 
Stream  deposits,  208. 
General,  364. 
Raising  of,  322. 
Rise  of,  by  irrigation,  187. 
Temperature  due  to  igneous  action,  477. 
Work  of  solution,  651, 554. 
Water  horizons,  554. 
Wells: 

Brines,  112. 

Composition,  307,  320,  322. 
Construction,  258,  259,  378. 
Cost,  49. 

Descriptions,  208,  285,  307,  553. 
Discharge,  49,  251,  255,  319,  322,  378. 
Failure,  533. 

Irrigation,  49,  187,  208,  321. 
Penetration  of  sea  water  into,  .509. 
Pumping,  49,  187,  208,  251,  320,  322,  365. 
Records,  208,  307. 
Statistics,  320,  322,  323. 
Temperature,  95. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  104,  471,  572, 
573,  580. 
Canada  (  Manitoba),  wells  and  springs,  560. 
Canal  waters,  ab.sorption  of,  in  New  York,  455. 
Capacity  of  materials.    See  also  Porosity. 
Rocks,  277,  499,  500,  565. 
Sands,  362,  463,  456,  499,  500. 
Soils,  277,  362,  499,  500. 
Capacity  of  .springs  and  wells.    See  Discharge. 
Carboniferous  waters.    See  Underground  waters, 

occurrence  of,  systems. 
Cascade  Mountains,  springs,  129. 
Catchment  conditions.    See  Artesian  requisites. 
Caves  and  caverns.     See  Solution,  caves   and 
caverns. 


Cave  waters,  deposits  of,  122, 263. 
Cementation  by  underground  waters,  522, 565. 
Chadron  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  90. 
Channels.     See  Solution,  channels. 
Chattanooga  shale,  occurrence  of  water  in,  272. 
Chemistry  of  underground  waters.    See  Compo- 
sition and  quality. 
Chesapeake  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in, 

86,  87. 
Chester  Valley  limestone,  occurrence  of  water 

in,  16. 
Chickies  quartzite,  occurrence  of  water  in,  16. 
Cinnabar,  deposits  of,  from  springs,  23. 
Circulation   and    movements    of    underground 
waters. 
Causes: 

Capillarity,  277. 
Deformation,  277. 
Gravity,  277. 
Heat,  277. 

Rock  consolidation,  277. 
General.    See  Artesian  requisites  and  con- 
ditions. 
Descriptions: 
Arizona,  283. 
Arkansas,  6, 6, 11. 
California,  321. 
Florida,  77. 
Minnesota,  296. 
Missouri,  11. 
Tennessee,  272. 
Washington,  505. 
Wyoming,  517. 
Fissures,  movement  of  water  in,  277. 
Limits  of  depth,  600, 561, 665. 
Porous  media,  circulation  in,  277. 
Principles  of  (see  also  Artesian  requisites),  11, 

45. 
General,  45,  343,  456,  499,  565,  622. 
Classification. 

Springs,  392,  406: 
Underground  waters,  302. 
Clinton  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  280. 
Collecting  ditches,  galleries,  and  tunnels.    See 

Structures. 
Colorado. 

Absorption  of  rainfall  by  rocks,  149. 
Absorption  of  streams,  175,  345. 
Brines,  616,  619. 
Caves  in  limestone,  141. 
Mine  waters: 
Analyses,  144. 
Composition,  144. 
Deposits,  144. 

Descriptions,  144,  318,  447,  461. 
Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 
formation  of,  141,  142,  144,  414,  447,  460,  461, 
619. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 
Elmoro  folio,  244. 
Geology  of  Denver  Basin,  138. 
Irrigation  near  Greeley,  230. 
Pueblo  folio,  176. 
Spanish  Peaks  folio,  246. 
Underground  waters  of  Arkansas  Valley, 
174. 


DULLER.] 


RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS. 


105 


Colorado — Continued . 

Principal  Survey  i)Ubli(;ations— Continued. 

Walsenburg  folio,  245. 

Water  resources,  149. 
Seepage,  142,  149,  257,  345,  362. 
Settling  of  ground  due  to  ground  water,  326. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  60,  392,  519. 

Composition,  75,  392,  516. 

Deposits,  137,  142,  447,  461,  516. 

Descriptions,  137,  141,  142,  244,  264,  357, 
362,  392,  461,  516. 

Gases  of,  516. 

Temperature,  392. 

Thermal,  137,  142,  357. 

Uses,  392. 

Yield,  392,  406. 
Tunnels,  drainage,  102. 
Underground  waters: 

Analyses,  174,461. 

Artesian  basins,  354. 

Association  with  oil,  150. 

Descriptions,  102, 105,  138,174,244,256,257, 
354,437. 

Landslides  caused  by  ground  water,  75. 

Legal  decisions  relating  to,  31). 

Occurrence  in— 
Dune  sand,  174. 
Gravel,  174. 

Prospects,  174. 

Work  of  solution,  141,  519. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  138. 

Construction,  methods  of,  245. 

Cost,  245, 345. 

Descriptions,  30, 150, 346, 357. 

Statistics,  345. 

Temperature,  95. 

Thermal,  150. 
Water  horizons,  174, 175, 244, 245, 246. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  104, 173,;?28, 
439,471,572,573,574,578. 
Columbia  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  78, 

86, 87, 94, 97. 
Comanche  Peak  formation,  occurrence  of  water 

in,  240. 
Composition  or  quality.    See  also  Analy.ses  and 
Springs. 
Gas  associated  with  ground  waters,  436, 516,565. 
Mine  waters,  Colorado,  144. 
Springs: 

Alabama,  392. 

Alaska,  392. 

Arizona,  392. 

Arkansas,  392-446. 

California,  22,  308,  392,  477. 

Colorado,  75,  392,  516. 

Connecticut,  183,  392. 

Dakotas,  392. 

Delaware,  392. 

Florida,  169,  392. 

Georgia,  327,  392. 

Idaho,  392. 

Illinois,  392. 

Indiana,  392. 

Indian  Territory,  392. 


Composition  or  qualitj-— Continued. 
Springs— Continued. 
Iowa,  392. 
Kansas,  392. 
Kentucky,  392. 
Louisiana,  392. 
Maine,  18,  392. 
Maryland,  392. 
Massachusetts,  73,  392. 
Michigan,  71,  280,  392. 
Minnesota,  207,  392. 
Mississippi,  392. 
Missouri,  63,  392,  497. 
Montana,  145,  392,  591. 
Nebraska,  392. 
Nevada,  392,  477. 
New  Hampshire,  29,  392. 
New  Jersey.  392. 
New  Mexico,  392. 
New  York,  392,  610. 
North  Carolina,  392. 
Ohio,  392. 
Oregon,  392. 
Pennsylvania,  392. 
Porto  Rico,  241,  392. 
Rhode  Island,  74,  392. 
South  Carolina,  392. 
South  Dakota,  392,  .539. 
Tennessee,  392. 
Texas,  392. 

United  States,  95,  96,  392. 
Utah,  392. 
Vermont,  392,  420. 
Virginia,  392. 
Washington,  392. 
West  Virginia,  392. 
Wisconsin,  392. 
Wyoming,  392. 
Yellowstone  National  Park,  178,  192,  194, 

199,  392,  434. 
General,  406. 
Wells  and  underground  waters: 
Alabama,  502. 
Arizona,  283. 
Arkansas,  446. 
California,  277,  307,  320. 
Connecticut,  183. 
Dakotas,  84. 
Florida,  169. 
Kansas,  213. 
Kentucky,  177. 
Louisiana,  164,  210. 
Massachu.setts,  73. 
Michigan,  71,  280. 
Minnesota.  207,  546. 
MissLssippi,  26(i. 
Missouri,  497. 
Molokai,  314. 
New  Hampshire,  29. 
New  Mexico,  234,  429. 
New  York,  610. 
Ohio,  419. 
Rhode  Island,  74. 
Tennessee,  176. 
Texas,  236,  242. 
Vermont,  420. 


106 


INDEX    TO    PAPERS 


[No.  120 


Composition  or  quality— Continued. 
General  papers; 

Composition  near  trap  dikes,  478. 
Compo.sition  in  relation  to  petrology,  487. 
General  composition  of  ground  waters, 
292,  293,  494. 
Connecticut. 

Principal  Survey  publications: 

Additional  well  records,  48, 181. 
Well  and  spring  records,  183. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  183,  392. 
Descriptions,  183,.  892. 
Occurrence  on  faults,  247,  500. 
Quality,  183,  392. 
Temperature,  183,  392. 
Uses,  183, 392, 406. 
Yield,  183, 392, 406. 
Underground  water  conditions,  183. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  183. 
Cost,  48. 

Descriptions,  48, 181, 183. 
Quality,  183. 
Temperature,  183. 
Uses,  183. 
Yield,  48,  181,  183. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey  167,  580. 
Contamination. 
Springs,  500. 

Wells,  494,  500,  509.  __ 

Corniferous  limestone,  occurrence  of  water  in,  380. 
Corsicana  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  242. 
Cost  of  pumping,  etc.,  320,  356. 
Cost  of  wells. 
California,  49. 
Colorado,  345. 
Connecticut,  48. 
Kansas,  345. 
Massachusetts,  47. 
Nebraska,  345. 
Coves.    See  Solution,  Coves. 
CraterletB  formed  by  underground  waters  during 

Charleston  earthquake,  130. 
Cretaceous  waters.    See  Underground  waters,  oc- 
currence of,  systems. 
Crystalline  rocks,  occurrence  of  water  in,  318. 
Dakotas.     See  a.\no  North  and  South  Dakota. 
Artesian  conditions,  81. 
Brines,  616. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 

Artesian  waters  of  a  portion  of  the  Da- 
kotas, .84. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392. 
Descriptions,  392. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Uses,  392. 
Yield,  392. 
Underground  waters: 
Comj)ositioii,  84. 
Irrigation,  84. 
Power,  use  for,  84. 
Pressure  and  head,  84. 
Volume,  84. 
Well  construction,  84. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  471. 


Dakota  sandstone,  occurrence  of  water  in,  84, 90, 
91, 93, 98, 100, 101, 173, 174, 175, 212,  213, 244, 245, 246, 
354, 500, 539, 542, 543, 544, 560, 613. 
Decay  of  rock  due  to  percolating  waters,  47s. 
Dela-ware. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Springs: 

Quahty,  392. 
Use,  392. 
Water  horizons,  86. 
Wells: 

Descriptions,  86. 
Prospects,  86. 
Records,  77. 
Temperature,  86. 
Delta  deposits,  occurrence  of  water  in,  320. 
Denison  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  242. 
Deposits  by  underground  waters- 
Cave  waters: 
Texas,  236. 
Utah,  146. 
General,  122. 
Ground  waters: 

Crusts  by  evaporation  of,  494. 
Underground  deposition  of  gypsum,  Kan- 
sas,  184. 
Mine  waters,  Colorado,  144. 
Springs: 

Cinnibar,  23. 
Salt,  555. 
Sulphur: 

Alaska,  70. 
California,  121. 
Wyoming,  201. 
Tufa,  travertine,  siliceous  sinter,  etc.: 
California,  308, 477. 
Colorado,  137, 447, 461, 516. 
Georgia,  48. 
Idaho,  311. 
Indiana,  159, 162. 
Montana,  145, 261, 588, 589, 595, 597. 
Nebraska,  103. 
Nevada,  7,476,521. 
North  Dakota,  538. 
Oregon,  313, 427. 
South  Dakota,  103, 538. 
Texas,  260. 
Wyoming  and  Yellowstone  National 

Park,  137, 192, 193, 194, 199, 584,  .587. 
General,  590. 
Well  incrustations,  Pennsylvania,  .55. 
General  papers:  • 

Antiquity  of  geyser  and  hot  springs  of 

Yellowstone  National  Park,  199. 
E.\hibit  of  hot  spring  dep(  sits  at  the  Chi- 
cago Worid's  Fair,  198. 
Mud  cones,  Rhode   I.sland    and    Massa- 
chusetts, 626.  • 
Theoretical  structure  of  spring  deposits 
as  compared  with  deposits  of  Lake  La- 
honton,  474. 
Devonian  limestone,  occurrence  of  water  in,  556. 
Devonian  waters.    See  Underground  waters,  oc- 
currence of,  systems. 
Discharge. 
Springs: 

Decrease  of,  Georgia,  105. 


I'T'LLEi:.] 


RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS. 


107 


Discharge— Continued. 
Springs— Continued. 
Measurements: 
Alabama,  204. 
Florida,  203. 

Georgia,  111,  202,  253,  327. 
Nebraska,  254. 

Texas,  252,  254,  267,  260,  347,  357,  372, 
392,  536,  537,  568,  572. 
Statistics: 

Alabama,  392,406. 
Alaska,  392. 
Arizona,  392. 

Arkansas,  392, 446. 

California,  406. 

Colorado,  392. 

Connecticut,  183,  392. 

Dakotas,  392. 

Delaware,  392. 

Florida,  169,  203,  392. 

Georgia,  202.  327,  392,  406. 

Idaho,  392,  406. 

Illinois,  392,  406. 

Indiana,  392,  406. 

Indian  Territory,  392,  406. 

Iowa,  392,  406. 

Kansas,  392,  406. 

Kentucky,  392,  406. 

Louisiana,  392,  406. 

Maine,  18,  392,  406. 

Maryland,  392,  406. 

Massachusetts,  73,  392,  406. 

Michigan,  71,  392,  406. 

Minnesota,  207,  392,  406. 

Mississippi,  392,  406. 

Missouri,  392,  406,  497. 

Montana,  392,  406. 

Nebraska,  406. 

Nevada,  392. 

New  Hampshire,  29,  392,  406. 

New  Jersey,  392,  406. 

New  Mexico,  392,  406. 

New  York,  392,  406,  610. 

North  Carolina,  392,  406. 

Ohio,  406. 

Oregon,  392. 

Pennsylvania,  406. 

Rhode  Island,  73,  392,  406. 

South  Carolina,  406. 

South  Dakota,  406. 

Tennessee,  392,  406. 

Texas,  372,  392,  406. 

Utah,  392,  406. 

Vermont,  392,  400,  420. 

Virginia,  392,  400. 

Washington,  392,  406. 

West  Virginia,  392,  406. 

Wisconsin,  392,  406. 

Wyoming,  392. 

Yellowstone  National  Park,  392. 
Wells: 

Decrease  of: 

California,  533. 

Georgia,  105. 

Illinois,  19. 

Kansas,  346. 

South  Dakota,  545. 

General,  45,  500. 


Discharge — Continued. 
Wells — Continued. 
Failure,  45. 
Fluctuations,  210. 
Measurements,  277,  600. 
Regulation  of,  484. 
Statistics: 

Alabama,  602. 
Arizona,  283. 
Arkansas,  446. 
California,  255,  258. 
Connecticut,  48,  181,  183. 
Dakotas,  84. 

District  of  Columbia,  94. 
Delaware,  86. 
Florida,  169. 
Georgia,  327. 
Kentucky,  177. 
Maine,  18. 
Maryland,  86. 
Massachusetts,  47,  73. 
Michigan,  71. 
Minnesota,  207,  546. 
Mississippi,  266. 
Missouri,  497. 
Ne\r  Hampshire,  29. 
New  Jersey,  86. 
New  York,  610. 
North  Carolina,  86. 
Rhode  Island,  73. 
South  Carolina,  86. 
United  States,  95,  96. 
Vermont,  420. 
Virginia,  86. 
Washington,  309. 
General,  45,  277,  500. 
District  of  Columbia. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

water. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 

Artesian-well  prospects  in  the  Atlantic 

Coastal  Plain,  86. 
Washington  folio,  94. 
Underground  waters,  86,  94,  335. 
Water  horizons,  86,  94. 
■  Wells: 

Descriptions,  86,  94. 
Records,  86-94. 
Temperature,  86. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  574,  576. 
Dolomite,  occurrence  of  water  in,  5. 
Dolomitization  by  underground  waters,  519. 
Drift,  occurrence  of  water  in,  9,  162,  249,  300,  301, 

302, 303, 304, 305,.380, 547. 
Drilling,  methods  of.    See  Well  construction. 
Dune  sands,  occurrence  of  water  in,  174. 
Edwards  limestone,  occurrence  of  water  in,  2:59, 

240,  242,  243,  569. 
Enlargement  of  quartz  grains  by  underground 

waters,  263. 
Erie-Ohio  Basin. 

Underground  waters  and  wells,  306. 
Experiments. 

Flow  of  water  in  porous  media,  277,  499,  500. 
Motion  of  underground  waters  in  Arizona,  283. 
Faults,  relation  of  springs  to. 
California,  477,  653. 
Connecticut,  247,  500. 


108 


INDEX    TQ    PAPERS 


[no.  120. 


Faults,  relation  of  springs  to— Continued. 
Idalio,  308. 
Nevada,  476. 
Oregon,  475. 
Texas,  239,  240,  569. 
Utah,  170. 
Faults,  relation  of  wells  to,  Massachusetts,  140. 
Ferration  by  underground  waters,  519. 
Filtration,  natural,  during  absorption  of  water, 

452. 
Fissility,  relation  of  waters  to,  565. 
Fissures. 

Absorption  of  water  by,  284. 
Movement  of  water  in,  277. 
Relation  of  spring  to: 
Nevada,  476. 
Texas,  239,  240,  569. 
Waters  of,  239,.  277,  284,  480. 
Florida. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 

Measurement  of  springs  in  Florida,  203. 
Well  and  spring  records,  169. 
Sinks,  77. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  169,  392. 
Descriptions,  77,  169,  203,  392. 
Measurements,  203. 
Quality,  169,  392. 
Temperature,  169,  392. 
Thermal,  434. 
Uses,  169,  392. 
Yield,  169,  202,  392,  406. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  61, 169. 
Descriptions,  159. 
Quality,  169. 
Records,  77,  169. 
Temperature,  95-169. 
Uses,  95,  169. 
Yield,  169,  203. 
Underground  waters: 
Circulation,  77. 
Conditions,  169. 
Temperature,  484,  485. 
Work  of  solution,  77. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,  439,  580. 
Fluctuations  of  ground-water  level. 
Barometric  pressure,  effect  of,  56.5. 
Causes  of,  in  Nebraska,  528. 
Descriptions  or  discussions: 
Nebraska,  14,  528. 
South  Dakota, 540. 
General,  456,  565. 
Folds,  relation  of  springs  to,  136. 
Galena  formation,  occtirrencc  of  water  in,  332, 556. 
Gases  of  underground  waters.    See  Composition. 
Georgia. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  218, 225, 228, 230, 231. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 
Measurement  of  springs,  202. 
Water-supply,  well,  and  spring  records, 


Georg-ia— Continued. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  327, 392. 
Descriptions,  105, 327, 392. 
Deposits,  327. 

Measurements,  111,202,2-53,327. 
Quality,  327, 392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Uses,  327,  392, 406. 
Yield.  202, 327, 392, 406. 
Underground  water  conditions,  327. 
Water  horizons,  86. 

Water  supplies  from  underground  sources,  327. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  59, 327. 
Descriptions,  86,327,500. 
Irrigation  from,  362. 
Pumping  from,  362. 
Quality,  327. 
Records,  86. 
Temperature,  95. 
'  Yield,  202,327. 

Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,471,580. 
Gering  formation,  occurence  of  water  in,  90. 
Geysers. 

California,  121. 
Iceland,  21. 

Yellowstone  National  Park: 
Action  in,  192, 193,  194,  195. 
Antiqixity  of  action,  199. 
Changes  in  action,  434. 
Deposits,  exhibit  of,  at  Chicago  World's 
Fair,  198. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  189, 190,  192, 
193,  194,  195,  196. 
Geyser  action. 

Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey  on,  190,  191. 
Glen  Rose  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  242, 

569. 
Granite,  absorption  of  water  by,  284. 
Granite,  occurrence  of  water  in,  310. 
Gravel,  absorption  of  water  by,  In  Massachusetts, 

493. 
Gravel,  occurrence  of  water  in,  174,  283,  323. 
Great  Plains. 

Principal  Survey  publications: 

Water  resources  of  a  portion  of  the  Great 
Plains,  214. 
Springs,  214. 
Water  horizons,  214.' 
Wells: 

Blowing,  214. 
Irrigation  from,  72. 
Pumping  from,  72. 
Temperature,  211. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  677. 
Ground  water.    See  Underground  waters. 
Head,  general  discussions  of,  45, 500. 
Head,  influence  of  heat  on,  565. 
Health,  relation  to  deep  wells,  578. 
Keating',  use  of  springs  for,  487. 
Heating,  use  of  wells  for,  487. 
High  Plains. 

Principal  Survey  publications: 

High  plains  and  their  utilization,  267, 268. 
Sinks,  267. 
Springs,  267. 


lULLKIt.] 


RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS. 


lOV) 


High  Plains— Continued. 
Underground  water: 

Catchment  conditions,  267. 
Descriptions,  267,  268. 
Work  of  solution,  267. 
Water  horizons,  267. 
Wells: 

Construction,  267. 
Description,  267. 

Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  361. 

Hot  springs.    See  Springs. 

Hudson  River  shales,  occurrence  of  water  in, 

Hydrologic  work    on    underground  waters, 

eluding  analyses.    (See  also  State  entries.) 

Individuals: 

Ainsworth,  P.  H.,  575. 
Alden,  W.  C,  .580. 
Anderson,  J.  A.,  167. 
Babcock,  E.  J.,  .574, .57.5. 
Barbour,  E.  H.,  104,573,574,578. 
Bayley,  W.  S.,  167, 580. 
Benton,  S.  S.,  .547. 
Boutwell,  J.  M.,  167,  .580. 
Calkins,  F.  C,  578. 
Chatard,  T.  M.,  61. 
Clarke,  F.  W.,  55,59,  60,  63,  64. 
Coffin,  F.  F.  B.,  349. 
Condra,  G.  E.,  104,  580. 
Cooper,  W.  F.,  167,  580. 
Crosby,  W.  O.,  167,580. 
Darton,  N.  H.,  104,  .349,  353,  357,  361, 
572,  573,  574,  575,  576,  577,  578,  578a, 
Eakins,  L.  G.,  60. 
Fisher,  C.  A.,  104,  580. 
Fuller,  M.  L.,  167,  580. 
Gilbert,  G.  K.,  354,  571,  .573. 
Glenn,  L.  C,  167,  580. 
Gooch,  F.  A.,  57,  58,  65,  1S9,  190,  191, 

194,  432. 
Gould,  C.  N.,  104,  580. 

Gregory,  H.  E.,  167,  580. 

Hague,  Arnold,  .578a,  .580. 

Hall,  C.  M.,  104,  577,  578,  678a,  580. 

Hall,  C.  W.,  167,  .580. 

Hallock,  William,  190,  .574,  578. 

Harris,  G.  D.,  167. 

Hayworth,  Erasmus,  674. 

Hillebrand,  W.  F.,  62. 

Hills,  R.  C,  .574,  .575. 

Hill,  R.  T.,  572,  573,  674,  675,  677. 

Hodges,  R.  S.,  167. 

Hollick,  Arthur,  167. 

Homer,  Hamlin,  680. 

Hood,  O.  P.,  574. 

Howard,  E.  S.,  62. 

Johnson,  L.  C,  167,  .580. 

Johnson,  W.  D.,  361,  363,  574. 

Keyes,  C.  R.,104. 

Knapp,  G.  N.,  167,  580. 

I,a  Forge,  Laurence,  580. 

Landes,  Henry,  104. 

Lane,  A.  C,  574,  57.5. 

Lawson,  A.  C,  572,  573. 

Lee,.  W.  T.,  104,580. 

Leverett,  Frank,  349,  359,  572, 673,  574, 
678. 

Lindgren,  Waldemar,  .580. 

Lord,  L.  G.,  167. 


Hydrologic   work    on  underground  waters,   in- 
cluding analyses— Continued. 
Individuals— Continued. 
Lovelace,  B.  F.,  167. 
McCallie,  S.  W.,  167,  580. 
Mendenhall,  W.  C,  104,  580. 
Murphy,  E^  C,  574. 
Newell,  F.'h.,  440,  572. 
Norton,  W.  H.,  167,  580. 
O'Harra,  C.  C,  104,  577,  578,  580. 
Orton,  Edward,  3.53. 
Palmer,  A.  W.,  362. 
Peale,  A.  C,  189,  216,  217,  4;M,  433,  440. 
Perkins,  G.  H.,  167,  580. 
Phinney,  A.  J.,  330. 
Purdue,  A.  H.,  167,  580. 
Redmond,  Charles  W.,  393. 
Richardson,  G.  B.,  104,  .580. 
Riggs,  R.  B.,  55,  .56,  59,  60. 
Russell,  I.  C,  104,  441,  .578,  580. 
Shepard,  E.  M.,  167,  580. 
Shultz,  A.  R.,  167,  .580. 
Siebenthal,  C.  E.,  104. 
Sitchell,  W.  A.,  ,577. 
Slichter,  C.  S.,  167,  578,  .578a,  580. 
Smith,  E.  A.,  167,  .580. 
Smith,  G.  O.,  167,  580. 
Smith,  W.  S.  T.,  578. 
Todd,  J,  E.,  104,  677,  578,  578a,  580. 
Vaughan,  T.  W.,  574. 
Veatch,  A.  C,  167,  680. 
Washburn,  W.  C,  167. 
Weed,  W.  H.,  189,  192,  193,  194,  195,  196, 

577,  578a. 
Weeks,  F.  B.,  167,  580. 
Whitfield,  J.  E.,  65,  57,  .58,  60,  65,  191,  192, 

194,  432. 
Wilder,  F.  A.,  104. 
Willard,  D.  E.,  104,  .580. 
United  States  Geological  Survey: 

Analyses,  collection  of,  by,  167,  168. 
Artesian  waters,  work  on,  335.  344,  853, 356, 

3.57,  672. 
Bibliography  of  springs,  430. 
Composition  of  underground  waters,  471. 
Division  of  hydrology,  work  of,  167,  471, 

580. 
Drift,  work  on  waters  of,  672. 
General  hydrologic  work, 573, 574,. 575, 577. 
Health,  relation  of  deep  wells  to,  678. 
Mineral  waters: 

Eleventh  Census,  399,  400. 
Publications,  395,  396,  397,  400,  401. 
General,  395,  396,  397. 
Spring  data,  collection  of,  167,  168. 
Spring  waters,  189. 

Underground  waters  in  general,  .see  also 
under  States,  104,  166,  167,  173,  3.50,  353, 
3.54,  3.55,  357,  361,  362,  375,  376,  471,  572, 
573,  680. 
Water-supply  data,  collection  of,  167, 168. 
Well  data,  collection  of,  167,  168,  335. 
Iceland. 

Geysers,  21. 
Springs,  584. 
Idaho. 

Brines,  112,  616. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 
waters. 


110 


INDEX    TO   PAPERS 


[NO.  120. 


Idaho — Continued. 

Ore  deposits,  pari  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  311. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 

Artesian  basins  of   southwestern  Idaho 

and  southeastern  Oregon,  386,387,388. 
Geology  and  water  resources  Nez  Perce 

County,  383,384. 
Geology  and  water  resources  of   Snake 

River  Plains,  485. 
Nampa  folio,  315. 
Silver  Cily  folio,  316. 

Water  resources  of  southeastern  Idaho, 
482. 
Seepage,  105. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392. 
Deposits,  311. 
Descriptions,  284,  310,  311,  317,  392,473,482, 

483,484,487,488,523,524. 
Occurrence  on  faults,  308. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  316, 392. 
Thermal,  311. 
Uses: 

Irrigation,  310, 374. 
Resorts,  406. 
General,  392. 
Work  of,  alteration  of  granite,  311. 
Yield,  392,  406. 
Thermal  springs: 
Composition,  310. 
Descriptions,  309,  315,  316,  533. 
Underground  waters: 

Descriptions,  364,  482,  483,  484, 485,  487, 488. 
Occurrence  in: 

Fissures  in  granite,  284. 
Lava  beds,  473,  482,  483. 
Uses,  487. 

Work  of,  solution  basins,  483. 
Water  horizon.«,  310. 
Wells: 

Brine,  112. 

Descriptions,  315,  316,  346,  483,  488. 
Discharge,  regulation  of,  484. 
Record.s,  315. 
Temperature,  95. 
Thermal,  310. 
Uses  for  irrigation,  357. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  575,  .580. 
Igneous  intrusions,  relation  of  thermal  springs 

to,  145,  586,  595. 
Igneous  rocks,  occurrence  of  water  in,  312. 
Illinois. 

Artesian  conditions,  302. 

Brines,  619. 

Mine  waters,  12. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  jmrt  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  12,  13. 
Principal  Survey  puljlications: 
Chicago  folio,  9. 
Danville  folio,  305. 
Patoka  folio,  162. 
Water  resources  of  Illinois,  300. 
Rainfall,  300. 


Illinois — {Continued. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  60,  392. 
Descriptions,  392. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Uses,  392,  406. 
Yield,  392,  406. 
Underground  waters: 
Analyses,  300. 
Classification,  302. 
Decrease  in  flow,  9. 
Descriptions,  300. 
Occurrence  of— 
Drift,  9,  300,  305. 
Potsdam  sandstone,  9. 
St.  Peter  sandstone,  9. 
General,  437. 
.    Use  for  public  supplies,  301. 
Water  horizons,  556. 
Wells: 

Descriptions,  302. 
Occurrence  in- 
Carboniferous  rocks,  162. 
Drift,  37,  162. 
Records,  9,  37. 
Temperature,  95. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  362,  573. 
India. 

Absorption  of  streams,  621,  624. 
Pumping  underground  waters,  621,  624. 
Seepage,  621,  624. 

Wells  used  for  irrigation,  550,  621,  624. 
Indiana. 

Artesian  conditions,  305. 

Brines,  379,  422,  619. 

Mineral  water,  production  of.     See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 
Chicago  folio,  9. 
Danville  folio,  305. 
Patoka  folio,  162. 
Water  resources  of   Indiana   and  Ohio, 

301. 
Wells  of  northern  Indiana,  303. 
Wells  of  southern  Indiana,  304. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392. 
Deposits,  159,  162. 
Descriptions,  161,  162,  301,  392. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Uses,  392,  406. 
Yield,  392,  406. 
Underground  waters: 
Analyses,  301. 
Descriptions,  301. 
Occurrence  in: 

Drift,  301,  303,  304,  305. 
Rock,  301. 
Subterranean  drainage,  301. 
Use  for  water  supplies,  301. 
Water  horizons,  379,  422. 
Wells: 

Brines,  379. 
Decrease  of  flow,  ".). 
Descriptions,  9,  37,  3.3.  :J01.  :'.(I5. 


RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS. 


Ill 


Indiana— Continued. 
Wells— Continued. 
Occurrence  in: 

Carboniferous  rocks,  162. 
Drift,  162. 
Records,  37,  158,  159,  303,  304,  305,  422. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  330,  574,  576. 
Indian  Territory. 
Springs: 

Description,  392. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Use,  392. 
Yield,  392. 
Infiltration  works,  481. 
Instriftnents  for  measuring  underflow,  500. 
Interference  of  wells,  277,  499,  500,  540. 
Intermittent  streams.    See  Ab.sorption  of  streams. 
Iodine  from  mineral  waters,  109. 
Iowa. 

Caverns,  332. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  332. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392. 
Descriptions,  392. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Uses,  392,  406. 
Yield,  392,  406. 
Underground  waters: 
Descriptions,  307,  332. 
Work  of  solution,  3:32. 
Water  horizon,  Galena  limestone,  332. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  56. 
Records,  31,  332. 
Temperature,  95. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological    Survey,  107,  439, 
5.S0. 
Irrigation,  use  of  wells  and  springs  for.    See  Uses 

of  underground  waters. 
John  Day  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  480. 
Joints,  relation  of  springs  to,  in  Texas,  568. 
Joints,  waters  in,  565. 
Kansas. 

Absorption  of  streams,  213. 

Brines,  213,  450,  619. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  510. 
Principal  Survey  publication: 

Underground    waters    of     southwestern 
Kansas,  212. 
Sinks,  215. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392. 

Descriptions,  184,  212,  215,  392,  445,  489. 

Quality,  392. 

Temperature,  392. 

Uses: 

Power,  215. 
Resorts,  406. 
General,  392. 
Yield,  392,  406. 


Kansas— Continued. 

Underground  waters: 

Deposition  of  gypsum  by,  184. 
Descriptions,  212,  330,  331,  437. 
Methods  of  locating,  212. 
Work  of  solution,  215. 
Water  horizons,  212,  213,  215. 
Wells: 

Brines,  450. 
Composition,  213. 
Cost,  345. 

Descriptions,  213,  338,  339,  346,  489. 
Mineral,  215. 
Problems,  579. 
Prospects,  212. 
Pumping  from,  §75. 
Statistics,  345. 
Use  for  irrigation,  212. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  104,  439,  440 
574,  578,  580. 
Kentucky. 

Brines,  619. 

Caves,  sinks,  and  channels,  34,  35,  557. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  511. 
Principal  Survey  publications. 

Well  records,  177. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392. 
Descriptions,  34,  35,  392. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Uses,  392,  406. 
Yield,  392,  406. 
Underground  water  conditions,  177. 
Underground  water,  solution  by,  34,  35,  320. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  61,  177. 
Descriptions,  177. 
Quality,  177. 
Records,  177. 
Uses,  177. 
Yield,  177. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,  .580. 
Knox  dolomite,  occurrence  of  water  in,  269,  270 

271,  272,  273. 
Lafayette  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  78 

86,  87. 
Lakes  supplied  from  wells,  89. 
Lake  Superior  district.    See  also  Minnesota,  Wis' 
cousin,  and  Michigan. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 
formation  of,  297,  663. 
Lakota  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  93, 102 

103. 
Laramie  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  90 

101. 
Xava,  absorption  of  water  b>  : 
Arizona,  428. 
Idaho,  473. 
Oregon,  289. 
Lava,  occurrence  of  water  in,  105,  473,  480,  481 

482,  483. 
Laws  relating  to  underground  waters: 

Laws  authorizing  artesian  investigations,  374 
Laws  governing  artesian  investigatiors,572. 


112 


INDEX    TO    PAPERS 


[NO.  120. 


Laws  relating  to  underground  waters— Cont'd. 
Laws  needed,  488. 

Laws  on  underground  waters,  179,  248. 
Legal  decisions,  30. 
Leona  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  569. 
lilmestone,  absorption  of  water  by: 
New  York,  45.5. 
Montana,  461. 
lilmestone,  occurrence  of  water  in,  5. 
liower  magnesian  limestone,  occurrence  of  water 

in,  5.56. 
Xiouisiana. 

Brines,  226,  235. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  survey  publications: 

Rice  irrigation  in  southern  Louisiana,  165. 
Underground  waters  of  southern  Louisi- 
ana, 210. 
Water  supplies  from  wells  in  southern 
Louisiana,  164. 
Springs: 

Descriptions,  392. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Uses,  392,  406. 
Yield,  392,  406. 
Underground  waters: 

Descriptions,  164,  210,  226. 
Origin,  210. 

Use  for  water  supplies,  164. 
Water  horizons. 
Wells: 

Analy.ses,  210. 

Construction  and  drilling,  210,  226. 

Descriptions,  164,  165,  226. 

Discharge,  variations  in,  210. 

Pumping  from,  210. 

Quality,  164,  210. 

Records,  210,  226. 

Temperature,  95,  165. 

Thermal,  226. 

Uses: 

Irrigation,  165. 
Public  supplies,  164. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,  471,  572, 
580. 
Machinery,  pumping.    See  Pumping  machinery. 
Maine. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  survey  i)iihlication: 

Well  and  spring  records,  18. 
Springs: 

Analy.ses,  18,  392. 
Descriptions,  18,392. 
Erosion  by,  524. 
Quality,  18,  392. 
Temperature,  IS,  392. 
Uses,  18,  392,  406. 
Yield,  IS,  392,  40(1. 
Underground  water  conditions,  18. 
Wells: 

Analy.ses,  18. 
Descriptions,  18. 
Temperature,  18. 


Maine— Continued. 
Wells— Continued. 
Uses,  18. 
Y'ield,  18. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,  580. 
Marshall  sandstone,  occurrence  of  water  in,  280. 
Maryland. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  survey  publications: 

Artesian  water  prospects  in  the  Atlantic 

Coastal  Plain,  86. 
Nomini  folio,  87. 
Washington  folio,  94. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392. 
Description,  65,  392. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Uses,  392,  406. 
Yield,  392,  406. 
Underground  waters,  description,  78,  86,  87 

94,  320,  335. 
Water  horizons,  86,  87,  94,  574,  676. 
Wells: 

Descriptions,  86,  87,  94. 
Records,  86,  94. 
Temperature,  86. 
Massachusetts. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  survey  publications: 

Additional     well     records     in      Massa- 
chusetts, 47. 
Well  and  spring  records,  73. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  73,  139,  392. 
Descriptions,  73, 139,  392,  492,  493,  496,  626. 
Quality,  73,  392. 
Temperature,  73,  392. 
Uses,  73,  392,  406. 
Y'ield,  73,  392,  406. 
Underground  water  conditions,  73,  493. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  61,  73,  140. 
Cost,  47. 

Descriptions,  47,  73,  496. 
Occurrence  on  faults,  140. 
Quality,  73. 
Records,  73,  139,  627. 
Temperature,  73. 
Uses,  73. 
Yield,  47,  73. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,  580. 
Matawan  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  16, 

86. 
Measurement  of  discharge  of  wells  and  springs. 

See  Discharge. 
Measurement  of  underflow,  500,  .578. 
Measurement  of  underflow,  instruments  for,  .500. 
Medina  Siuidstoue,  occurrence  of  water  in,  380. 
Metamorphism  by  underground  waters,  565. 
Michigan. 

Absorption  of  streams  by  limestone,  .371. 
Ab.sorption  of  water  by  .sinks,  364. 
Brines,  112,  280,  448,  4.51,  532,  616,  619. 


RELATING   TO   UNDERGROUND    WATERS. 


113 


Michigan— Continued. 
Mine  waters,  67. 
Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  17,  66,  67,  299,  515,  562,  563. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 

Lower  Michigan  mineral  waters,  280. 

Water  resources  of  the  lower  peninsula, 
279. 

Well  and  spring  records,  71. 
Sinks,  364. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  71,  280,  392. 

Descriptions,  71,  392. 

Quality,  71,  392. 

Temperature,  71,  392. 

Uses,  71,  392,  406. 

Yield,  71,  406. 
Underground  waters: 

Chemistry,  280. 

Descriptions,  71,  279,  280,  371. 

Economic  value,  280. 

Temperature,  279. 

Uses,  279. 

Work  of  solution,  364. 
Water  horizons,  279,  280. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  71,  280. 

Descriptions,  71. 

Quality,  71. 

Records,  71. 

Temperature,  71,  95,  279. 

Uses,  71. 

Yield,  71. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,  279,  280, 

574,  576,  578,  580. 

Minnekahta  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in, 

98,  103. 
Minnelusa  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  93. 
Mine  waters. 

Deposits,  Colorado,  144. 
Description.s: 
Arizona,  463. 
California,  312. 
Colorado,  144,  318,  447,  461. 
Illinois,  12. 
Michigan,  67. 
Minnesota,  296. 
Nevada,  19,  20,  324. 
Pennsylvania,  33,  294. 
Utah,  26,  27,  28,  .549. 
Vermont,  598. 
Wyoming,  517. 
Use  for  water  supply,  26,  27. 
Mineral  waters. 

Bibliography,  216,  217. 
Economic  products  of: 
Bromine,  111,  118. 
Iodine,  109. 
Potassium  salts,  120. 
Production  in  the  United  States,  113,  114,  115, 
116, 119,  390, 391, 393,  394,  395,  398,  402,  403,  404, 
405, 407,  409,  410,  411, 412,  413, 414, 415,  416, 417, 
431, 432,  433, 434, 436, 438,  439,  441,  572,  573,  574, 

575,  576,  577,  .578,  578a,  580,  618,  620. 

IKR   120—05 8 


Minnesota. 
Brines,  560. 
Mine  waters,  296 
Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  69,  296,  563. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 

Well  and  spring  records,  207. 

Well  records  in  Lyon  County,  546. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  207,  392. 

Descriptions,  207,  392,  560. 

Quality,  207,  392. 

Temperature,  207,  392. 

Uses,  207,  392,  406. 

Yield,  207,  392,  406. 
Underground  waters: 

Circulation,  296. 

Descriptions,  207,  437. 
Wells: 

Composition  and  quality,  207,  546. 

Descriptions,  207,  546,  560. 

Records,  207,  546,  559. 

Temperature,  95. 

Uses,  207. 

Yield,  207,  546. 
Work  of  U.   S.  Geological  Survey,  167,  471, 
580. 
Miocene  waters.    See  Underground  waters,  occur- 
rence of.  systems. 
Mississippi. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publication: 

Well  records,  266. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392. 

Descriptions,  392. 

Quality,  392. 

Temperature,  392. 

Uses,  392,  406. 

Yield,  392,  406. 
Underground  waters,  266. 
Water  horizons,  266. 
Wells: 

Descriptions,  210,  266. 

Quality,  266. 

Records,  501. 

Yield,  266. 
Mississippi  Valley. 

Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  76. 
Underground  waters. 

Descriptions,  357. 

L^nderflow  measurements,  578. 
Well  statistics,  574. 
Missouri. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  5, 11, 64, 76, 510, 564, 625. 
Principal  Survey  publications : 

Water  supply  of  Livingstone  county,  211. 

Well  and  spring  records,  497. 

Wells  of  Joplin  and  vicinity,  514. 


lltt 


INDEX    TO    PAPERS 


[NO.  120. 


Missouri — Continued. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  62,  63,  392,  497. 

Descriptions,  1,392,497. 

Composition  and  quality,  63,392,497. 

Temperature,  392, 497. 

Uses,  392,406,497. 

Yield,  392,406,497. 
Underground  waters: 

Circulation,  11. 

Descriptions,  211,335,497. 
Water  horizons,  328. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  60, 514. 

Descriptions,  497. 

Quality,  497. 

Records,  211,497,514,625. 

Temperature,  95, 497. 

Uses,  497. 

Yield,  497. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,471,5.s0. 
Molokai. 

Principal  Survey  publication: 

Water  resources  of  Molokai,  314. 
Springs,  314. 

Underground  waters,  314. 
Wells: 

Composition,  314. 

Description,  314. 

Use  for  irrigation,  314. 
Monmouth  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  16. 
Montana. 

Absorption  of  streams,  10,586,591,593,594. 

Absorption  of  water  by  limestone,  336. 

Brines,  616,  619. 

Caverns,  586. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.      See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  588, 596. 
Principal  Survey  publication: 

Formation   of   travertine   and   siliceous 
sinter,  584. 
Seepage,  336, 343. 
Springs.    See  also  Thermal  springs: 

Analyses,  63,  392. 

Composition,  145, 392, 591. 

Deposits,  145, 261 ,  588,  .589, 590, 595, 597. 

Descriptions,  145,  285,  291,  317, 392, 472, 586, 
591. 

Temperature,  392. 

Uses: 

Bathing,  594. 
Resorts,  406, 586, 594. 
General,  392. 

Work  of: 

In  altering  rocks,  .595. 
General,  145. 

Yield,  406. 
Thermal  springs  and  geysers: 

Analyses,  .54,  55,  .594. 

Composition,  .591. 

Descriptions,  145,  354,  408,  577,586. 

Relations  to  igneous  rocks,  145,  586,  .595. 
Underground  waters: 

Descriptions,  472,  .593. 

Work  of  solution,  586. 
Water  horizons,  453. 


Montana — Continued. 
Wells: 

Descriptions,  593. 
Temperature,  95. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  145,  439,  577. 
Mud  cones,  etc.,  626. 

Myricks  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  569. 
Natural  wells.  North  Carolina,  77. 
Nebraska. 

.Absorption  of  water,  100.  529. 

Brines,  4,  14,  619. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 
Camp  Clarke  folio,  100. 
iidgemont  folio,  103. 
Groundwater  at  Kearney,  528. 
Underground  waters  in  southeastern  Ne- 
braska, 91. 
Water  resources  of  Patrick  and  Gosiien 

Hole  quadrangles,  4. 
Water  resources  west  of  the  one  hundred 

and  third  meridian,  90,  99. 
Wells  and  windmills,  14. 
Sinks  and  caves,  103. 
Springs: 

Deposits,  103. 

Descriptions,  4,  14,  90, 100, 101,  393. 
Measurements,  254. 
Thermal,  98. 
Use  for  resorts,  406. 
Yield,  406. 
Underground  waters: 

Descriptions,  4,  14,  90,  91,  98,  100,  101,  103, 

362,  437. 
Work  of  solutions,  103. 
Water  horizons,  4,  90,  91,  98,  100, 103. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  103. 

Breathing,  14.  • 

Cost,  345. 

Description,  91,  346. 

Fluctuation,  528. 

Problems,  579. 

Pumping  by  windmills,  14. 

Records,  4,  14,  31,  103,  345. 

Salt,  14. 

Statistics,  345. 

Temperature,  96,  575. 

Uses: 

Irrigation,  90,  91. 
Town  supplies,  14. 
Work  of  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  104,  353, 
355,  374,  440,  573;  574,  578,  580. 
Nevada. 

Absorption  of  streams,  373. 

Brines,  112,  616. 

Caves  and  solution  fissures,  197. 

Mine  waters,  19,  20,  324. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  20,  21,  22,  76,  197,  522,  596. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  53,  392,  476. 
Composition,  392,  477. 
Deposits,  7,  476. 
Descriptions,  374,  392,  476,  584. 


•ILLEl:.] 


RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS. 


115 


Nevada— Continued. 
Springs — Continued . 

Measurements,  251. 

Occurrence  on  faults,  476. 

Sulphur,  110. 

Temperature,  392,  476. 

Uses,  392. 

Yield,  392. 
Thermal  springs: 

Deposits,  522. 

Descriptions,  7,  21,  22,  427,  476,  521;  522. 
Underground  waters,  work  of.    See  also  Ore 
deposits. 

Cementation,  522. 

Oxidation.  522. 

Solution,  197. 
Newark  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  444. 
Ne^w■  Hampshire. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publication: 

Well  and  spring  records,  29. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  29. 

Descriptions,  29. 

Quality,  29. 

Temperature,  29. 

Uses,  29,  406. 

Yield,  29,  406. 
Underground  water  conditions,  29. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  29,  392. 

Descriptions,  29,  392. 

Quality,  29,  392. 

Temperature,  29.  392. 

Uses,  29,  392. 

Yield,  392. 
Work  of  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,  580. 
New  Jersey. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 

Artesian-well  prospects  in  the  Atlantic 
Coastal  Plain,  86. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392. 

Descriptions,  392. 

Quality,  392. 

Temperature,  392. 

Use,  392. 

Y'ield,  392. 
Underground  waters,  86,  444. 
Water  horizons,  86. 
Wells,  86,  444. 

Analyses,  392. 

Descriptions,  86,  444. 

Records,  77,  86,  613. 

Temperature,  86. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,  439,  471, 
580. 
Newman  formation,  occurrence  of  water  iu,  34, 

35. 
New  Mexico. 

Mineral  waters,  occurrence  of,  234. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publication: 

Irrigation  in  Mesilla  Valley,  15. 


New  Mexico — Continued. 
Sinks  in  gypsum,  234. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  55,  59,  64,  392. 

Descriptions,  392,  466. 

Quality,  392. 

Temperature.  3.t2. 

Uses,  392,  406. 

Yield,  392,  406. 
Underground  waters: 

Composition,  234. 

Descriptions,  15,  234,  466. 

Work  of  solution,  234. 
Wells: 

Composition,  234,  429. 

Description,  234,  346,  429. 
Work  of  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  104, 580. 
New  York. 

Absorption  of  water  by  limestone,  455. 

Brines,  112, 448, 449, 450, 4.51, 616, 619. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 

Sewage   pollution   in    the   Metropolitan 
area,  292. 

Water  resources.  454,  455. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  64,  392. 

Brine,  448,. 449,  450,  451. 

Description,  392,  454,  610. 

Quality,  392,  610. 

Temperature,  392,  610. 

Uses,  392,  406,  610. 

Yield,  392,  406,  610. 
Streams,  underground,  456. 
Underground  waters,  444,  456,  610. 
Water  horizons,  86,  249,  580. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  610. 

Brines,  112. 

Descriptions,  86,  444,  455,  610. 

Quality,  610. 

Records,  80,  610. 

Temperature,  86,  610. 

Uses,  610. 

Yield,  610. 
Work  of  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,  471. 
New^  Zealand  springs,  584. 
Niagara  limestone,  occurrence  of  water  in,  43, 

371,  556. 
Niobrai-a  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  441, 

545. 
North  Carolina. 

Absorption  of  streams,  371. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Natural  wells,  77. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 

Artesian-well  prospects  in  the  Atlantic 
Coastal  Plain,  86. 

Norfolk  folio,  97. 
Sinks,  443. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  60,  392. 

Descriptions,  269,  270,  274, 347^  371,  392,442, 
443. 

Quality,  392. 

Temperature,  392. 


ll(i 


INDEX    TO    PAPERS 


North  Carolina — Continued. 
Springs — Continued. 
Uses,  392,  406. 
Yield,  392,  406. 
Underground  waters: 
Descriptions,  86,  97. 
Work  of  solution,  443. 
Water  horizons,  86,  97. 
Well  prospects  and  records,  86,  97. 
North  Dakota. 
Brines,  560. 
Mineral  waters,  production  of.  .  See  ^Mineral 

waters. 
Springs,  538,  560. 
Wells: 

Descriptions,  346,  437, 
Records,  538. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  104,  572,  .573, 
574,  576,  578,  580. 
Ogallala  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  90. 
Ohio. 

Brines: 

Analj-ses,  449. 

Descriptions,  108,  379,  449,  616,  619. 
Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 

Natural  features  and  economic  develop- 
ment of  the  Sanduiiky,  Maumee,  Mus- 
kingon,  and  Miami  drainage  areas,  152. 
Water  resources  of  Indiana  and  Ohio,  302. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392. 
Descriptions,  301, 392. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Uses,  392,  406. 
Yield,  392,  408. 
Subterranean  drainage,  301. 
Underground  waters: 
Analyses,  301. 
Description,  301,  419,  437, 
Use  for  public  supplies,  152,  301. 
Water  horizons,  301,  380, 
Wells: 

Brine,  449, 

Description,  152,306,380,628, 
Lists,  185, 

Records,  38,419,468. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  574. 
Oil  and  gas,  relation  of  underground  waters  to,  3, 

150,  226,  422,  436,  525. 
Oklahoma. 

Wells,  descriptions  of,  :346. 
Work  of  the  U,  S,  Geological  Survey,  104,580, 
Oligocene  waters.    See  Underground  waters,  oc- 
currence of,  systems. 
Onondaga  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  380. 
Ore  di'posits,  jiart  of  underground  wntcrs  in  for- 
mation of— 
General  relations,  565, 
Localities: 

Alabama,  22.5, 

Alaska,  325, 

Arizona,  462, 463, 463a,  465, 

Arkansas,  5, 6, 11, 223, 564, 

California,  22,308,595. 

Colorado,  141, 142, 144, 414, 447, 460, 461, 519. 


Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in  for- 
mation of — Continued, 
Localities— Continued. 

Georgia,  218, 221, 225, 228, 230. 
Idaho,  311. 
Illinois,  12,  13. 
Iowa,  332. 
Kansas,  510. 
Kentucky,  511. 
Lake  Superior,  297,  563. 
Michigan,  17,  66,  67,  299,  362,  515,  562. 
Minnesota,  69,  296,  563. 
Mississippi  Valley,  76. 
Missouri,  11,  76,  510,  564,  625. 
Montana,  588,  596. 
Nevada,  21,  22,  76,  197,  522,  595. 
Pacific  coast,  21,  22. 
South  Dakota,  147,  262. 
Tennessee,  218,  220,  221,  224,  2;?2,  275. 
Utah,  143,  298,  518,  520,  549,  575. 
Wyoming,  517. 
General,  5,  565. 
Oregon. 

Absorption  of  streams  by  lava,  289. 
Absorption  of  water  by  pumice  and  lava,  289. 
Blineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 

Artesian  basins  of   southwestern  Idaho 

and  southeastern  Oregon,  486,  487,  488, 
Geological   reconnaissance   in   southern 

Oregon,  475, 
Nampa  folio,  315, 
Springs,  common  and  thermal 
Analyses,  313, 392, 427, 
Deposits,  313,  427. 
Descriptions,  281, 288, 289,  313,  315,  392,  427, 

475,487,612. 
Occurrence  on  faults,  475. 
Temperature,  392, 406, 
Thermal ,  281 ,  288, 427, 443, 475, 612. 
Uses,  392, 406. 
Yield,  392, 406, 
Underground  channels,  123. 
Underground  waters: 

Descriptions,  374, 487, 488. 
Uses,  487. 
Wells: 

Descriptions,  315. 
Problems,  579. 
Records,  315. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  104, 580, 
Oxidation  by  underground  waters,  522, 
Pacific  coast.    See  also  under  State  entries. 

Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters,  in 
formation  of,  21, 22. 
Pahasapa  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  10-'. 
Paluxy  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  242. 
Pamunkey  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,7s, 

85,  86. 
Payette  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  310. 
Pennsylvania. 
Brines,  .585, 
Mine  waters: 
Analyses,  294. 
Descriptions,  33,  294. 
Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 
waters. 


m-LLER.] 


RELATING   TO   UNDERGROUND    WATERS. 


117 


Pennsylvania— Continued. 

Principal  Survey  publications: 

Artesian  well  prospects  in  the  Atlantic 

coastal  plain,  86. 
Quality  of  water  in  the  Susquehanna  River 

drainage  basin,  294. 
Water  resources  of  the  Philadelphia  dis- 
trict, 16. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  294,  392. 
Descriptions,  294,  392. 
Quality,  392,  406. 
Temperature,  392. 
Uses,  392,  406. 
\ield,392. 
Underground  waters: 

De.seription.«,  16,  41,  42,  43,  294. 
Use  for  public  supplies,  467. 
Water  horizons,  16,  86. 
Well  incrustation,  analysis  of,  ^f>. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  294. 

Descriptions,  89, 160, 467. 

Record.s,  41,  42,  43,  44,  160, 101, 163,  467,  46s, 

614. 
Temperature,  96. 
Uses,  467. 
Permeability  of  rocks,  ."JOO. 
Petrefaction  by  underground  waters,  480. 
Philippine  Islands. 

Hot  Springs  and  .solfataras,  24. 
Pierre  shales,  occurrence  of  water  in,  90, 547. 
Pleistocene  water.s.      See  Underground   waters, 

occurrence  of,  systems. 
Poison  Canyon  formation,   occurrence  of  water 

in,  245,246. 
Porosity. 

Rock.s,  277,499,500,565. 
Sands,  362, 453, 456, 499, 500. 
Soil,  277,362,499,500. 
General,  277,  341,  362,  500,565. 
Porto  Rico. 

Springs,  common  and  thermal. 
Analyses,  241. 
Composition,  241. 
Descriptions,  241. 
Use  for  bathing,  241. 
Potassixun  salts  from  mineral  water.s,  120. 
Potomac  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  78, 

86,  94,  328. 
Potsdam  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  6,  9, 

381,  500,  556. 
Power,  use  of  springs  and  pumps  for.    See  Uses 

of  springs  and  wells. 
Public  supplies  from  underground  .sources. 
Georgia,  327. 
Louisiana,  164. 
Nebraska,  14. 
Ohio,  1.52. 
Pennsylvania,  467. 
Vermont,  420. 
Pumice,  absorption  of  water  by,  in  Oregon,  289. 
Pumping  and  other  methods  of  lifting  water. 
Cost,  320,  356. 
Descriptions: 

Arizona,  106,  282,  283. 
^California,  49,  187,  208,  251,  320,  321,322, 

3:>c<. 


Pumping  and  other  methods  of  lifting  water- 
Continued. 
Descriptions— Continued. 
Georgia,  362. 
Great  Plains,  72. 
India,  621,  624. 
Kansas,  375. 
Louisiana,  210. 
Nebraska,  14. 
Public  lands,  346. 
Texas,  252. 
United  States,  343. 
General,  14,  277,  526,  527,  622,  623. 
Pumping  machinery. 
Efficiency,  15. 
Types,  250. 
Turbines,  14. 

Windmills,  descriptions  and  use  of,  14,  .338, 
339,  340,  357,  358,  360,  421. 
Quality  of  waters.    See  Composition. 
Quaternary  waters.    See  Underground    waters, 

occurrence  of,  systems. 
Rainfall,  absorption  of,  149,  454. 
Rancocas  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  86. 
Raritan  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  21,35, 

.59. 
Records. 
Geologic: 

Borings  and  wells: 
Alabama,  501,  502. 
Arizona,  283,  463. 
Arkansas,  446. 
California,  208,  307. 
Delaware,  77. 

District  of  Columbia,  86,  94. 
Florida,  77,  169. 
Georgia,  86. 
Idaho,  315. 
Illinois,  9,  37. 

Indiana,  37,  158,  159,  303,  304,  305,  422. 
Iowa,  31,  332. 
Kentucky,  177. 
Louisiana,  210,  226, 
Massachusetts,  73,  139,  627. 
Maryland,  86. 
Michigan,  71. 
Minnesota,  207,  546,  .5.59. 
Mississippi,  501. 
Missouri,  211,  497,  514,  625. 
Nebraska,  4,  14,  31,  103,  345. 
New  Jersey,  77,  86,  613. 
New  York,  86,  610. 
North  Carolina,  86,  97. 
North  Dakota,  .538. 
Ohio,  38,  306,  419,  468. 
Oregon,  31.5. 
Pennsylvania,  41,  42,  43,  44,  160,  161, 

163,  467,  468,  614. 
Rhode  Island,  1.53,  627. 
South  Dakota,  102,  103,  538,  539,  .541. 

542,  543,  .544. 
Tenne.ssee,  176. 
Texas,  2,  226,  .568. 
Vermont,  420, 

Virginia,  86,  97,  1.54,  468,  479,  613. 
Washington,  480. 
Western  Gulf  coast,  3. 
Western  interior,  2. 


118 


INDEX    TO    PAPERS 


[no.  120. 


Records— Continued. 
Geologic— Continued. 

Borings  and  Mclls — Continued. 
West  Virginia,  38,  39,  40,  468. 
Wyoming,  23,  102. 
General: 

Importance  of,  4.5. 
Interpretation  of,  4.5. 
Statistical: 


Eastern  United  States  (.see  also  under 
States),  334. 
Wells: 

California,  320. 
Colorado,  345. 
Eastern  United  States  (see  also  under 

States),  334. 
Kansas,  345. 
Mississippi  Valley,  574. 
United  States,  95,  96. 
General,  322,  323. 
Reclbank  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in,  78. 
Relation  of  underground  waters  to  oil  aiid  gas, 

3.  18.5,  186,  333,  379,  422. 
Resorts,  use  of  .springs  for,  392,  406,  .586,  .594. 
Rhode  Island. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publication. 

Well  and  spring  records,  74. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  74,  392. 
Deposits,  mud  cones,  495. 
Descriptions,  74,  392,  626. 
Quality,  74,  392. 
Temperature,  74,  392. 
Uses,  74,  392. 
Yield,  74,  392. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  74. 
Descriptions,  74. 
Quality,  74. 
Records,  153,  627. 
Temperature,  74. 
Uses,  74,  406. 
Yield,  74,  406. 
WorJi  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,  580. 
Rio  Grande  basin,  absorption  of  streams,  437. 
Rocks,  absorption  of  water  by,  general. 
California,  286. 
Colorado,  529. 
Rocky  Mountains,  sulphur  springs,  017. 
Rutledge  limestone,  occurrence  of  water  in,  270, 

271,  273. 
St.  Peter  sandstone,  occurrence  of  water  in,   9, 

556. 
Salt,  deposit  of,  from  spring.?,  555. 
Salt  from  mineral  waters,  381,  382,  383,  :«4,  385, 

386,  387,  388,  389,  616. 
Sand,  occurrence  f)f   water   in   (sec   al.so   Drift), 

.529. 
Sanitary  aspects  of  iindergronnd  waters,  293. 
Seepage. 

,\rizona,  98,  101,  190,  302. 
California,  1S8,  320,  322. 


Seepage— Continued . 

Colorado,  142,  149,  257,  345,  362. 
Idaho,  105. 
India,  621,  624. 
Montana,  336,  343. 
Nebraska,  4,  101,  347. 
Public  lands,  346. 
Utah,  1.55,  347,  352. 
Wyoming,  4. 
General,  155,  347,  352. 
Shale,  occurrence  of  water  in,  5,  453. 
Silicious  sinter.    See  Depo.sits,  springs. 
SUicification  by  underground  Avaters,  519. 
Silurian  waters.    See  Underground  Avaters,  occur- 
rence of,  .springs. 
Sinks.    See  Solution,  .sinks. 
Sinks,  absorption  of  water  by,  496,  500. 
Sioux  quartzite,  occurrence  of  water  in,  .'VIS,  .544. 
Solfataras.     See  Springs,  solfataras. 
Solution  by  underground  waters,  work  of. 
Ba.sins,  483. 
("aves  and  caverns: 
California,  .551,  .5.54. 
Colorado,  141. 
Iowa,  332. 
Kentucky,  34,  3.5. 
Montana,  .586. 
Nebraska,  103. 
Nevada,  197. 
South  Dakota,  103. 
Tennessee,  232. 
Texas,  240,  569. 
General,  494. 
Channels: 

Kentucky,  34,  35,  557. 
Tennessee,  232. 
Washington,  377. 
General,  222. 
Coves,  219. 

Fissures,  Nevada,  197. 
Sinks: 

Florida,  77. 
High  Plains,  267. 
Kansas,  215. 
Kentucky,  34, 3.5. 
Michigan,  364. 
Nebraska,  103. 
New  Mexico,  234. 
North  Carolina,  443. 
South  Dakota,  103. 
Tennessee,  232,  270,  273. 
Virginia,  92. 
West  Virginia,  88,  92. 
General: 

Solution  of  dolomite,  Colorado,  519. 
Wyoming,  1.51. 
South  Carolina. 

Craterlets  and  springs  associated   with    the 

Charleston  earthquake,  130. 
Mineral  waters,  i>r(i<iuctiou  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publication: 

Artesian  prospects  of  the  Atlantic  Coastal 
Phiin,  86. 
Sinks  and  caves,  103. 


FILLER.] 


RELATING   TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS. 


119 


South.  Carolina — Continued. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392. 
Descriptions,  392. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Uses,  392,  406. 
Yield,  392, 406. 
Underground  waters,  86. 
Water  horizons,  86. 
Wells: 

Descriptions,  86. 
Temperature,  86. 
South  Dakota. 

Brines,  102,  619. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in 

formation  of,  147, 262. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 
Alexandria  folio,  544. 
Edgemont  folio,  103. 
Geology  and  water  resources  of  part  of 

the  lower  James  River  Valley,  206. 
Huron  folio,  547. 
Mitchell  folio,  543. 
Newcastle  folio,  102. 
New  developments  in  well  boring  and 

irrigation,  89. 
Oelrichs  folio,  98. 
Olivet  folio,  .541. 
Parker  folio,  542. 
Water  resources  in  Black  Hills  and  in 

Wyoming,  93. 
Water  resources  of  southeastern    South 
Dakota,  540. 
Sinks  and  caves,  103. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  89. 

Composition,  539. 

Deposits,  103. 

Descriptions,  93,  538,  .539,  540,  541,  542,  544, 

547. 
Uses,  406. 
Yield,  406. 
Underground  waters: 

Descriptions,  89,  93,  102,  103,  374,  540,  542, 

543, 544,  545, 547. 
Occurrence  as  streams,  182. 
Waste  of,  545. 
Water  horizons,  93, 1 02, 103, 539, 541 ,  542, 513, 544, 

545, 547. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  89, 102, 103. 

Descriptions,  89, 93, 346, 437. 

Fluctuations,  .540. 

Interference,  540. 

Pressure  in,  89. 

Pressure,  decline  of,  54.5. 

Records,  102, 103,  .538, 539, 541,  .542, 543,  .544. 

Temperature,  89, 96,  .541. 

Uses: 

Supply  for  lake,  89. 
Irrigation,  89. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  104,3.57.361, 
439, 440, 573, 574, 576, 577, 578, 580. 


Springs. 

Classification,  392,  406. 
Descriptions: 

Geysers.    See  Geysers. 

Hot  springs.      See  Springs,  description, 

thermal. 
Springs  in  general- 
Localities: 

Alabama,  204,  392. 
Alaska,  70,  325,  392,  498. 
Arizona,  127, 128,  290,  317,  392,463a, 

528. 
Arkansas,  1,  59,  392,  446. 
California,  22,  67,  105,  121,  134,  146, 

170,  2.51,  286,   307,   308,  312,  319, 

321,  392,  4.58,  477,  533,  5.53. 
Canada,  Manitoba,  560. 
Cascade  Mountains,  129. 
Colorado,  60,  75,  137,  141,  142,  244, 

264,  357,  362,  392, 435, 447, 461, 516. 
Connecticut,  183,  247,  392,  500. 
Dakotas,  392. 
Delaware,  392. 
Eastern   United  States,   334,   335, 

:192. 
Florida,  77,  169,  203,  392,  434. 
Georgia,  105,  202,  214,  253,  324,  392. 
Great  Plains,  214. 
High  Plains,  267. 
Idaho,  284,  310,  311,  317,  392,  473, 

482,  483,  484,  485,  487,  488,  .523. 
Illinois,  292. 

Indiana,  159, 161,  162,  300,  301,  392. 
Kansas,  184,  212,  21.5,  392,  445,  489. 
Kentucky,  34,  35,  392. 
Louisiana,  392. 
Maine,  18,  392,  524. 
Maryland,  87,  392. 
Massachusetts,  73, 139, 392,  492,  493, 

496, 626. 
Michigan,  71,280,  392. 
Minnesota,  207,  392,  560. 
Mississippi,  392. 
Missouri,  1,  62,  63,  392,  497. 
Molokai,  314,  392. 
Montana,  53,  145,  261,  285,  291,  317, 

392,  472,  586,  588,  589,   590,  591, 

594,  595,  597. 
Nebraska,  4,  14,  90,  98,  100,  101, 392. 
Nevada,  7,  53, 110,  251,  374,  392, 476, 

477,  547,  584. 
New  Hampshire,  29,  392. 
New  Jersey,  392. 
New  Mexico,  55,  59,  64,  392,  466. 
New  York,  64, 392,  448,  449,  450, 451, 

454,  610. 
North  Carolina,  269,  270,  271,  274, 

347,  371,  392,  442,  443. 
North  Dakota,  .538,  560. 
Ohio,  301,  392. 
Oregon,  281,  288,  289,  313,  315,  392, 

427,  475,  487,  612. 
Pennsylvania,  16,  294,  392. 
Philippines,  24. 
Porto  Rico,  241. 
Rhode  Island,  74,  392,  495,  626. 


120 


INDEX    TO    PAPERS 


[NO.  120. 


Springs — Continued. 

Descriptions — Continued. 

Springs  in  general — Continued. 
Localities— Continued . 

South  Dakota,  89,  93.  103,  538,  539, 

540,  541,  542,  .544,  547. 
South  Apalachians,  442. 
Tennessee,  61,269,270,271,  274,364, 

392, 442, 443. 
Texas,  239, 240, 243, 252, 254, 257, 260, 
342, 347,  357, 372,  392,  536,  537,  .568, 
572. 
Utah,  27, 56, 75, 170, 392,  .504, 534, 549. 
Vermont,  392,420. 
Virginia,  53,  .54,  .56,  87,  92,  1.54,  3.54, 

392, 442. 
Washington,  260,  3.54,  392,  425,  426, 

505, 506, 507. 
West  Virginia,  92. 
Wyoming,  4,8,93,  136,  151, 191,192, 

193, 194, 195, 196, 198, 201, 392. 
Yellowstone  National  Park,  54,57, 
58,  178, 189, 190,  191,  192,  193,  194. 
195,198,  199,  200,  362,  392,432,433, 
434,583,584,587. 
General  papers: 

Algus  growth  in,  193. 
Beneath  glaciers,  524. 
Distribution  in  the  United  States, 

406. 
Contamination,  500. 
Craterlets  formed  by  springs: 
Charleston  earthquake,  130. 
Rhode  Island,  495. 
Erosion  by,  Maine,  524. 
Failure  of,  California,  .533. 
Geology  of,  406. 

Lists  of,  390,  391,  392,  393,  394,  397, 
398,402,403,  404,  405,  410,411,412, 
413,417. 
Origin,  406. 
Relation    to   igneous   intrusions, 

145, 586, 595. 
Source  of  mineralization,  406. 
Types  of  waters: 
Alum,  34,35, 
Brine: 

Arizona,  616. 
Colorado,  616,  619. 
Dakotas,  616. 
Idaho,  616. 
Illinois,  619. 
Indiana,  619. 
Kansas,  619. 
Kentucky,  619. 
Montana,  616,  619. 
Nebraska,  619. 
Nevada,  616. 

New  York,  448,  449,  616,  619. 
Oregon,  016. 
Pacific  coast,  616. 
South  Dakota,  619. 
Tennessee,  619. 
United  States,  616,  619. 
Western  <^ulf  coast,  3. 
Chalybeate,  Kentucky,  34,35. 


Springs— Continued. 

Descriptions— Continued. 

Springs  in  general— Continued. 
Localities— Continued. 
Oil  and  gas: 
Alaska,  325. 
Tennessee,  36. 
Sulphur: 

Alaska,  70. 
Kentucky,  34,  3.5. 
Nevada,  110. 
Rocky  Mountains,  617. 
Tennessee,  272. 
Wyoming,  136,  201. 
Solfataras: 

California,  121. 
Utah,  110. 
General,  24. 
Thermal  springs.    See  also  Geysers,  sol- 
fataras, and  springs  in  general. 
Descriptions: 

California,  22, 121. 
Colorado,  137,  142,  .3.57. 
Florida,  434. 
Idaho,  309,  310,  311,  316. 
Montana,  145,  354,  408,  586. 
Nebraska,  54, 55,  98, 577, 591 ,  .594, 595. 
Nevada,  7,  21,  22,  427,  476,  521,  522. 
Oregon,  281,  288,  313,  427,  475. 
Philippine  Islands,  24. 
Porto  Rico,  241. 
Tennessee,  275. 
Utah,  2.52. 
Virginia,  92. 
West  Virginia,  92. 
Wyoming,  136,  151,  201. 
Work  on,  57,  189,  190,  217,  432,  433, 434,  440. 
General: 

Occurrence   on    earthquake    fissure, 

477,  553. 
Origin  of  thermal  waters,  447. 
Relation  to  igneous  intrusions,  145, 
586,  595. 
Springs,  deposits  of.    See  Deposits. 
Springs,  discharge  of.    See  Discharge. 
Springs,   mineral,   production  of.    See   Mineral 

waters. 
Springs,  relation  to  faults.    See  Faults. 
Springs,  relation  to  fissures.    See  Fissures. 
Springs,  relation  to  folds.    See  Folds. 
Springs,  relation  to  igneous  intrusions.    See  Ig- 
neous intrusions. 
Springs,    statistics.      See    Mineral    waters   and 

sj)rings,  descriptions. 
Springs,  uses  of.   See  Uses  of  underground  waters. 
Statistics. 

Discharge.    See  Discharge. 

Mineral     water    production.    See     Mineral 

waters,  production  of. 
Mineral  waters,  work  on,  401. 
Necessity  of,  370. 
Springs.    See  Springs. 
Wells.    See  Wells. 
Streams,  sinking  and  intermittent.    See  Absorp- 
tion of  streams. 
Streams,  underground,  182,  4.56. 


FULLER.] 


RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS. 


121 


structures. 

Collecting  ditches,  283,  371. 
Collecting  galleries,  500,  622. 
Collecting  and  drainage  tunnels,  28,  287 

323,  366,  622. 
Infiltration  works,  481. 
Subsurface  dams,  500,  622. 
Underflow  canal,  343. 
Subsurface  dams.    See  Structures. 
Sucking  wells.    See  Breathing  wells. 
Sulphur  deposited  by  springs,  70,  121,  215. 
Temperature. 
Springs: 

Alabama,  392. 

Alaska,  392. 

Arizona,  392. 

Arkansas,  392;  446. 

California,  392. 

Colorado,  392. 

Connecticut,  183,  392. 

Dakotas,  392. 

Delaware,  392. 

Florida,  169,  392. 

Georgia,  392. 

Idaho,  392. 

Illinois,  392. 

Indiana,  392. 

Indian  Territory,  392. 

Iowa,  392. 

Kansas,  392. 

Kentucky,  392. 

Louisiana,  392. 

Maine,  18,  392. 

Maryland,  392. 

Massachusetts,  73,  392 

Michigan,  71,  392. 

Minnesota,  207,  392. 


Missouri,  392,  497. 
Montana,  392. 
Nebraska,  392. 
Nevada,  392,  476. 
New  Hampshire,  29,  392. 
New  Jersey,  392. 
New  Mexico,  392. 
New  York,  392,  610. 
North  Carolina,  392. 
Ohio,  392. 
Oregon,  392. 
Pennsylvania,  392. 
Rhode  Island,  74.  392. 
South  Carolina,  392. 
Tennessee,  392. 
Texas,  392. 

United  States,  392,  406. 
Utah,  392. 
Vermont,  392,  420. 
Virginia,  392. 
Washington,  392.  ~ 
West  Virginia,  392. 
Wisconsin,  392. 
Wyoming,  392. 

Yellowstone  National  Park,  178,  190,  392. 
General,  406. 
Wells: 

Alabama,  95,  502. 
Arkansas,  95. 


Temperature— Con  tin  ued . 
Wells— Continued. 

California,  95. 

Colorado,  95. 

Connecticut,  183. 

Delaware,  86. 

District  of  Columbia,  86. 

Florida,  95, 169. 

Georgia,  86,  95. 

Great  Plains,  214. 

Idaho,  95,  316,  484,  485. 

Illinois,  95. 

Iowa,  95. 

Louisiana,  95. 

Maine,  18. 

Maryland,  86. 

Massachusetts,  73. 

Michigan,  71,  95,  279. 

Minnesota,  95. 

Mississippi,  95. 

Missouri,  95,  479. 

Montana,  95. 

Nebraska,  96. 

New  Hampshire,  29. 

New  Jersey,  86,  96. 

New  York,  86,  610. 

North  Carolina,  86. 

Pennsylvania,  96. 

Rhode  Island,  74. 

South  Carolina,  86,  96. 

South  Dakota,  89,  96,  541. 

Tennessee,  96. 

Texas,  96. 

United  States,  95, 96. 

Virginia,  86,  96. 

Washington,  96,  480,  505. 

West  Virginia,  63,  171,  172,  439,  440,  574. 

Wisconsin,  96. 

General,  45. 
General  papers: 

Causes  of  temperature- 
Igneous  action,  477. 
General,  475. 

Effect  on  water  level,  565. 

Mine  waters— 

Comstock  lode,  Nevada,  19,20. 

Temperature  work  in  Nevada,  575. 

Temperature  work  in  West  Virginia,  63, 
171,  172,  439,  440,  574. 
Tennessee. 

Absorption  of  streams  by  underground  chan- 
nels, 219. 
Brines,  619. 
Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters,  in 

formation  of,  218,220,221,224,232,275. 
Principal  Survey  publication: 

Well  records,  176. 
Sinks,  caves,  etc.,  232,270,271,273. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  61,364,392. 

Descriptions,  269,  270,  271,  274,  364,  392, 442, 
443. 

Oil  springs,  36. 

Quality,  392. 

Temperature,  392. 


122 


INDEX    TO   PAPERS 


[no.  120. 


Tennessee— Continued. 
Springs— Continued. 

Thermal  springs  in  limestone,  275. 
Use: 

Power,  442. 
General,  392,  40G. 
Yield,  392,  406. 
Underground  channels,  222, 272, 273, 442. 
Underground  water.*: 
Circulation,  272. 
Descriptions,  176. 
Occurrence,  272,  273,  442. 
Work  of: 

Formation  of  coves,  219. 
Solution,  232. 
Water  horizons,  202,  207. 
Wells: 

Descriptions,  176. 
Quality,  176. 
Records,  176. 
Temperature,  96. 
Uses,  176. 
Yield,  176. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,  .580. 
Tertiary  waters.    See  Underground  waters,  occur- 
rence of.  systems. 
Testing  of  wells.    See  Wells. 
Texas. 

Ab.sorption  of  streams,  99. 
Brines,  226,  229. 


Deposits  in,  236. 
Descriptions  of,  240,  569. 
Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 
Austin  dam,  535. 
Austin  folio,  243. 
Black  and  Grand  prairies,  242. 
Irrigation  systems,  252,  536. 
Nueces  folio,  240. 
Underground    waters   of    the    Edwards 

Plateau  and  Rio  Grande  Plain,  239. 
Uvalde  folio,  569. 
Water  powers  of  Texas,  537. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392. 
Deposits: 

Analyses,  260. 
Descriptions,  260. 
Descriptions,  240,  242,  243. 
Measurements,  252,  254,  257,  260,  347,  3.57, 

372,  392,  536,  537,  .568,  572. 
Occurrence  on: 

Faults,  239,  240,  569. 
Fissures,  239. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Use: 

Irrigation,  536,  537. 
Power,  357,  .536,  .537,  .569. 
Resorts,  406. 
General,  392. 
Yield,  392,  406. 
Underground  streams,  243,  342,  456. 


Texas — Continued . 

Underground  waters: 

Chemistry  and  composition,  236,  242. 
Descriptions,  229,  232,  238,  239, 242,  270,  273, 

437, 575. 
Work  of  solution,  240,  569. 
Water  horizons,  239,  240,  242,  243,  569. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  239. , 

Composition,  236,  242. 

Drilling,  226. 

Descriptions,  226,  252,  254,  2.57,  342,  346,  537, 

568. 
Experiments,  237. 
Pumping  for  irrigation,  252. 
Records,  2,  226,  568. 
Temperature,  96. 
Thermal,  226. 
Use  for  irrigation,  252,  536. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  104,  439,  .572, 
573,  574,  577,  580. 
Therapeutics.     See  Uses  of  underground  waters. 
Travertine.     See  Deposits,  springs. 
Travis  Peak  formation,  occurrence  of  water  in, 

Trenton  limestone,  occurrence  of  water  in,  292, 

379, 380, 422. 
Trinity  formation,   occurrence  of  water  in,  99, 

240,242. 
Tufa  deposits.    See  Deposits,  springs. 
Underflow  canals,  343. 
tTnderflow,  instruments  for  measuring,  500. 
Underflow,  measurement  of,  500, 578. 
Underground  water. 

Depth,  limits  of,  500, 561, 565. 

Effect  of  irrigation  on  level  of,  156, 187, 188. 

Effect  of  uplift  and  subsidence  on,  .565. 

Influence  on  floods,  341. 

Laws  relating  to,  30, 179, 248, 357, 374, 572. 

Movements  of: 

Flow  in  porous  media,  277, 499, 500. 
In  fissures,  277. 
Underflow  in  Arizona,  283. 
Occurrence  of: 
Formations: 
Arikaree: 

Nebraska.  4,  90,  101. 
Benton: 

Montana,  588. 
South  Dakota,  543,  544,  545. 
Berea  grit: 

Michigan,  280. 
Blackwater  hole  beds,  Texas,  240. 
Brule  clays: 

Nebraska,  4,  90, 101 
Wyoming,  4. 
Calaveras: 

California,  5.54. 
Chadron: 

Nebraska,  90. 
Chattiinooga  shale: 
Tennessee,  272. 
Chesapeake: 

Atlantic  Coastal  Plain,  86. 
Delaware,  86. 
Maryland,  86,87. 


FULLER.] 


RELATING    TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS. 


123 


Underground  water— Continued. 
Occurrence  of— Continued. 
Formations— Continued . 
Chesapeake— Continued. 

New  Jersey,  86. 

Virginia,  86,87. 
Clhester  Valley  limestone: 

Pennsylvania,  16. 
Chickies  quartzite: 

Pennsylvania,  16. 
Clinton: 

Ohio,  380. 
Columbia: 

Atlantic  Coastal  Plain,  86. 

Delaware,  86. 

District  of  Columbia,  94. 

Maryland,  78,86,87,94. 

North  Carolina,  97. 

South  Carolina,  86. 

Virginia,  78, 86, 87, 94, 97. 
Comanche    eak: 

Texas,  240. 
Corniferous  limestone: 

Ohio,  380. 
Corsicana: 

Texas,  242. 
Cretaceous  marl: 

Delaware,  86. 
Dakota  sandstone: 

Colorado,  173, 174, 175,  244,  245,  246. 

Dakotas,  84,  93. 

Kansas,  212,  213. 

Minnesota,  560. 

Nebraska,  90,  91,  98,  100,  101,  103. 

North  Dakota,  560. 

South    Dakota,    93,  102,    103.   539, 
541,542,  543,  544,  .545,  547. 

Wyoming,  102. 

General,  354,  500,  613. 
Denison: 

Texas,  242. 
Devonian  limestone: 

Illinois,  556. 
Edwards  limestone: 

Texas,  239,  240,  242,  243,  569. 
Galena  limestone: 

Illinois,  556. 

Iowa,  332. 
Gering: 

Nebraska,  90. 
Glen  Rose: 

Texas,  242,  569. 
Hudson  River  shales: 

Illinois,  5,56. 
John  Day: 

Washington,  480. 
Knox  dolomite: 

North  Carolina,269, 270, 271, 272, 273. 

Tennessee,  269,  270,  271,  272.  273. 
Lafayette: 

Atlantic  Coastal  Plain,  86. 

Maryland,  78,  86,  87. 

South  Carolina,  86. 

Virginia,  78,  86,  87. 
Lakota  sandstone: 

Nebraska,  103. 

South  Dakota,  102,  103. 


Underground  water — Continued. 
Occurrence  of— Continued. 
Formations— Continued. 

Lakota  sandstone— Continued. 

Wyoming,  102. 

General,  93. 
Laramie: 

Nebraska,  90,  101. 
Leon  a: 

Texas,  569. 
Lower  Magnesian  limestone: 

Illinois,  556. 
Magothy: 

Maryland,  86. 
Manasquan: 

New  Jersey,  86. 
Marshall: 

Michigan,  280. 
Matawan: 

Atlantic  Coastal  Plain,  86. 

New  Jersey,  86. 

Pennsylvania,  16. 
Medina: 

Ohio,  380. 
Middle  marl: 

Atlantic  Coastal  Plain,  86. 
Minnekahta: 

Nebraska,  98,  103. 

South  Dakota,  103. 
Minnelusa: 

South  Dakota,  93. 
Monmouth: 

Pennsylvania,  16. 
Myrick: 

Texas,  569. 
Nave.sink: 

New  Jersey,  86. 
Newark: 

New  Jersey,  444. 
Newman: 

Kentucky,  34,  35. 
Niagara  limestone: 

Illinois,  556. 

Indiana,  379. 

Ohio.  379,  380. 
Niobrara: 

South  Dakota,  541,  54.5. 
Ogallala: 

Nebraska,  90. 
Ohio  shale: 

Ohio,  :«0. 
Onondaga: 

Ohio,  380. 
Pahasapa: 

South  Dakota,  102 

Wyoming,  102. 
Paluxy: 

Texas,  242. 
Pamunkey: 

Atlantic  Coastal  Plain,  86. 

Delaware,  86. 

Maryland,  78,  86,  87. 

Virginia,  78,  86,  87. 
Fayette: 

Idaho,  310. 


124 


INDEX    TO    PAPERS 


[NO.  120. 


Underground  water— Continued. 
Occurrence  of— Continued. 
Formations— Continued. 
Pierre  shales: 

Nebraska,  90. 
South  Dakota,  547. 
Poison  Canyon: 

Colorado,  245,  246. 
Potomac: 

Atlantic  Coastal  Plain,  S6. 

Delaware,  86. 

District  of  Columbia,  94. 

Maryland,  78,  86,  94,  328. 

North  Carolina,  97. 

South  Carolina,  8^. 

Virginia,  78,  86,  94,  97. 
Potsdam  sandstone: 

Illinois,  9,  .566. 

Indiana,  9. 

General,  .500. 
Rancocas: 

Atlantic  Coastal  Plain,  80. 

New  Jersey,  86. 
Raritan: 

Delaware,  86. 

New  Jersey,  86. 

Pennsylvania,  16. 
Red bank: 

Atlantic  Coastal  Plain,  86. 

New  Jersey,  86. 
Rutledge  limestone: 

Tennessee,  270,  271,  273. 
St.  Peter  sandstone: 

Illinois,  9,  556. 

Indiana,  9. 
Severn: 

Maryland,  86. 
Shark  River: 

New  Jersey,  86. 
Sioux  quartzite: 

South  Dakota,  543,  544. 
Travis  Peak: 

Texas,  239. 
Trenton  limestone: 

Illinois,  556. 

Indiana,  379,  422. 

Ohio,  379,  380. 
Trinity: 

Texas,  99,  240,  242. 
Upper  Heldeberg  limestone: 

Indiana,  379. 

Ohio,  379. 
Waverly: 

Ohio,  380. 
Wissahickon  gneiss: 

Pennsylvania,  16. 
Woodbine: 

Texas,  242. 
Materials  (.see  also  Formations): 
Alluvium: 

Kansas,  215. 

Nebraska,  101. 

Utah,  .549. 
Andesite: 

California,  4.58. 
Basalt: 

Texas,  .5(i9. 


Underground  water— Continued. 
Occurrence  of— Continued. 
Materials— Continued. 
Crystalline  rocks: 

Atlantic  Coastal  Plain,  86. 

District  of  Columbia,  94. 

General,  318. 
Delta  deposits: 

California,  320,  323. 
Dolomites: 

Arkansas,  5. 
Drift  (see  also  Quaternary  and  Pleisto- 
cene): 

Illinois,  9,  167,  300,  302,  305. 

Indiana,  9,  162,  301,  303,  304,  305. 

Minnesota,  560. 

New  York,  82,  249. 

Ohio,  301,380. 

South  Dakota,  .547. 

General,  45. 
Dune  sands: 

Colorado,  174. 
Granite: 

Idaho,  310. 
Gravel: 

Arizona,  283. 

California,  323. 

Colorado,  174. 

Massachusetts,  493. 

General,  45,  277,  499,  500. 
Igneous  rocks: 

California,  312. 
Lava: 

Arizona,  428. 

Idaho,  473,  482,  483. 

Oregon,  289. 

Washington,  480,  481. 

General,  105 
Lime.stone: 

Arkansas,  5. 

General,  45. 
Sand: 

Nebraska,  529. 

General,  45,  277,  499,  500. 
Sandstone: 

General,  45. 
Serpentine: 

New  York,  249. 
Shale: 

Arkansas,  5. 

Montana,  588. 
Stream  deposits: 

California,  208. 
Structures: 

Earthquake  fissures,  477,  553. 
Faults.  140,  170,  239,  240,  247,  308,  47.5, 

476,477,  500,  553,569. 
Fissil  rocks,  565. 

Fissures,  general,  239,  277,  284,  480. 
Joints,  565,  .568. 

Underground  channels,  Oregon,  123. 
Vesicules,  .565. 
Systems.    See  also  Formations. 
Silurian: 

Michigan,  279, 280. 
Devonian: 

Michigan,  279, 280. 


FULLER.] 


RELATING   TO    UNDERGROUND    WATERS. 


125 


Underground  water— Continued. 
Occurrence  of— Continued. 
Systems— Continued. 
Carboniferous: 
Illinois,  16'J. 
Indiana,  102. 
Kansas,  215. 
Michigan,  279. 
Nebraska,  90. 
Ohio,  380. 
Cretaceous: 

Great  Plains,  214. 
High  Plains,  267. 
Mississippi,  266. 
Montana,  588. 
Nebraska,  4. 
New  York,  86,  249. 
South  Carolina,  86. 
Texas,  240,  242. 
Wyoming,  4. 
Tertiary: 

Great  Plains,  214. 
High  Plains,  267. 
Kansas,  212,  213,  215. 
Mississippi,  266. 
Pennsylvania,  16. 
Eocene: 

South  Carolina,  86. 
Miocene: 

Atlantic  Coastal  Plain,  86. 
Louisiana,  210. 
South  Carolina,  86. 
Neocene: 

Idaho,  310. 
Oligocene: 

Louisiana,  210. 
Quaternary: 

Louisiana,  210. 
Mississippi,  266. 
Pleistocene. 

Great  Plains,  214. 
Idaho,  310. 
Underground  waters,  relation  to  oil  and  gas,  3, 

1.50,  226,  422,  436,  525. 
Underground  waters,  total  amount  of,  500. 
Underground  waters,  work  of: 

Action  of  thermal  waters  on  rocks,  199,  201, 

574,  587,  595. 
Alteration  of  rocks  by  springs,  201,  311,  587, 

595. 
Cementation,  522,  565. 
Decay  of  rocks  due  to  percolating  waters, 

478. 
Deposits.    See  Deposits. 
Dolomitizatlon,  519. 
Enlargement  of  quartz  grains,  263. 
Ferration,  519. 
Landslides,  75. 
Metamorphism,  565. 
Oxidation,  522. 
Petrifaction,  480. 
Siliciflcation,  519. 
Solution.    See  Solution. 
Weathering,  522,  565. 
Work  of  thermal  waters,  general,  145. 
Underground  waters,  circulation  of.    See  ("ircti- 
lation. 


Underground  waters,  depo.sits  of.    See  Deposits, 

groundwaters. 
Underground  waters,   descriptions.    See   under 

States. 
Underground  waters,  fluctuations  of  level.     See 

Fluctuations. 
Underground  waters,  part  of,  in  formation  of  ore 

deposits.    See  Ore  deposits. 
Underground  waters  as  a  source  of  public  sup- 
plies.   See  Public  supplies. 
Underground  waters,  uses  of.    See  Uses  of  under- 
ground waters. 
United  States. 

Principal  Surveypublicationson  underground 
waters: 
Hydrography,  report  of,  progress  of,  di- 
vision of,  1893^,  345. 
Hydrography,  report  of,  progress  of,  di- 
vision of,  1895,  347. 
Hydrology,  division  of,  organization  and 

work  of  eastern  section,  167. 
Hydrology,  work  of  divi.sion  of,  471. 
Hydrology  of  eastern  United  States,  con- 
tributions to,  1903,  166. 
Hydrology,  western,  104. 
Irrigation  survey,  first  annual  reportof  ,435. 
Irrigation  survey,  second  annual  report 

of,  437. 
Lists  and  analyses  of  mineral  springs,  392. 
Mineral  waters,  390,  391,  393,394,  398,402, 
403,404,40.5,  406,407,409,  411,412,413,414, 
415,416,417. 
Notes  on  wells,  springs,  and  general  water 
resources  of  certain  Eastern  States,  168. 
Potable  waters  of  eastern  United  States,  334 
Preliminary  list  of  deep  borings,  95,  96. 
Public  lands  and  their  water  supply,  346. 
Reclamation  Service,  first  annual  report, 

374. 
River  station,  operations  at,  1899,  253,  254, 

255. 
River  station,  operations  at,  1900,  256,  257. 

259. 
River  stations,  operations  at,  1901,  260. 
Salt-making  processes,  51. 
Stream  measurements,  1896,  105. 
Stream  measurements,  1897,  354. 
Stream  measurements,  1898,  357. 
Stream  measurements,  1899,  362. 
Stream  measurements,  1900,  364. 
Stream  measurements,  1901,  369. 
Stream  mea.surements,  1902,  370,  371,  372, 
373. 
Upper  Helderberg  limestone,  379. 
Uses  of  underground  waters: 
Springs: 

Bathing: 

California,  148. 
Idaho,  317. 
Montana,  317,  534. 
Porto  Rico,  317,  594. 
General,  426,  487. 
Heating,  487. 
Irrigation: 

California,  477. 
Idaho,  310,  374. 
Texas,  357,  .5:36,  .5137,  .569. 
General,  387, 622. 


126 


INDEX    TO    PAPERS 


[NO.  120. 


Uses  of  underground  waters — Continued. 
Springs— Continued. 

Medicinal  (therapeutic),  58, -126. 
Power: 

Texas,  215,537. 

General,  3-57. 
Resorts: 

Montana,  586,  594. 

United  States,  392,406. 
Public  supplies: 

Georgia,  327. 

Ohio,  152. 

Vermont,  420. 
General: 

Alabama,  392. 

Alaska,  392. 

Arizona,  392. 

Arkansas,  392, 446. 

California,  392. 

Colorado,  392. 

Connecticut,  183,  392. 

Dakotas,  392. 

Delaware,  392. 

Georgia,  327,  392. 

Florida,  169,  392. 

Idaho,  392. 

Illinois,  392. 

Indiana,  392. 

Indian  Territory,  392. 

Iowa,  392. 


Kentucky,  392. 

Louisiana,  392. 

Maine,  18,  392. 

Maryland,  392. 

Massachusetts,  73,  392. 

Michigan,  71,  392. 

Minnesota,  207,  392. 

Mississippi,  392. 

Missouri,  497. 

Montana,  392. 

Nebraska,  392. 

Nevada,  392. 

New  Hampshire,  27. 

New  Jersey,  392. 

New  Mexico,  392. 

New  York,  392,  610. 

North  Carolina,  392. 

Ohio,  392. 

Oregon,  392. 

Pennsylvania,  392. 

Rhode  Island,  74,  392. 

South  Carolina,  392. 

Tennessee,  392. 

Texas,  392. 

United  States,  406. 

Utah,  392. 

Vermont,  392,  420. 

Virginia,  392. 
.      Washington,  392. 

West  Virginia,  392. 

Wisconsin,  .392. 

Wyoming,  392. 

Yellowstone  Natioiinl  Park,  392. 
Wells: 

Bathing,  4<s7. 
Heating,  4S7. 


Uses  of  underground  waters— Continued. 
Irrigation: 

Algiers,  337. 
Arizona,  107,  282. 
California,  49, 187, 208, 321. 
Dakotas,  84. 
Georgia,  352. 
Great  Plains,  72. 
Idaho,  488. 
India,  550,  624. 
Kansas,  212. 
Louisiana,  165. 
Molokai,  314. 
Nebraska,  90,91. 
Public  lands,  346. 
South  Dakota,  89. 
Texas,  252, 536. 
United  States,  343. 
Washington,  505. 

General,  45, 356, 374, 437, 487, 527, 622. 
Lake  supplies.  South  Dakota,  89. 
Power: 

Dakotas,  84. 
Tennessee,  442. 
Water  supplies,  Ohio  and  Indiana,  301. 
General: 

Alabama,  .502. 
Connecticut,  183. 
Florida,  169. 
Kentucky,  177. 
Maine,  18. 
Massachusetts,  73. 
Iklichigan,  71,  279. 
Minnesota,  207. 
Missouri,  497. 
New  Hampshire,  29. 
New  York,  610. 
Pennsylvania,  467. 
Rhode  Island,  74. 
Tennessee,  176. 
General,  364. 
Utah. 

Cave  deposits,  146. 
Mine  waters: 

Descriptions,  26,  27,  28,  549. 
Use  for  water  supplies,  26,  27. 
Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  imderground  waters  in 

formation  of,  143,  298,  518,  520,  549,  575. 
Principal  Survey  publication: 

Seepage  waters  in  northern  Utah,  155. 
Seepage,  1.55. 
Solfataras,  110. 

Springs,  common  and  tliermal: 
Analyses,  53,  56,  392. 
Descriptions,  27,  170,  392,  504,  534,  549 
Occurrence  on  faults,  170. 
Quality,  392. 
Source  of  sulphur,  110. 
Temperature,  392. 
LTses,  392,  406. 
Yield,  392,  406. 
Iiiderground  water.*;: 
Descriptions,  504. 
Level  of.  146. 
Wilier  liorizons,  549. 


FULLER.] 


RELATING   TO   UNDERGROUND   WATERS. 


127 


Vermont. 

Mine  waters,  598. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publication: 

Town  water  supplie.s,  analyses  and  well 
and  spring  records,  420. 
Spring.s: 

Analyses,  392,420. 

Descriptions,  392,420. 

Quality,  392,420. 

Source,  420. 

Temperature,  392, 420. 

Uses,  392, 406, 420. 

Yield,  392,  420. 
Underground  waters: 

Analyses  of  public  supplies,  420. 

Occurrence,  420. 

Use  for  public  supplies,  420, 
Wells: 

Analyses,  420. 

Descriptions,  420. 

Quality,  420. 

Records,  420. 

Source,  420. 

Yield,  420. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,580. 
Vesicles,  waters  in,  565. 
Virginia. 

Brines,  analyses  of,  131. 

Descriptions,  619. 
Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 

Artesian  well  prospects  in  the  Atlantic 
Coastal  Plain,  86. 

Nomini  folio,  87. 

Norfolk  folio.  79. 

Washington  folio,  94. 
Sinks  and  caves,  92. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  53,  54,  56,  392. 

Descriptions,  86,  92,  154,  354,  392,  442. 

Quality,  392. 

Temperature,  392. 

Thermal,  92. 

Uses,  392,  406. 

Yield,  392,  406. 
Underground  waters: 

Descriptions,  78,  87,  94,  97,  335. 

Work  of,  92. 
Water  horizons,  78,  86,  87,  94,  97. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  97. 

Descriptions,  86. 

Prospects,  86. 

Records,  86,  97,  1.54,  468,  479,  613. 

Temperature,  86,  96. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  439,-574,576. 
Washington. 

Infiltration  works,  481. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 

Ellensburg  folio,  506. 

Geology  and  water  resources  of  Yakima 
County,  505. 


■Washington — Continued . 

Principal  Survey  publications— Continued. 
Geological    reconnaissance    in     central 

Washington,  480. 
Reconnaissance  in    southeastern    Wash- 
ington, 481. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392,  426. 

Descriptions,  260,  354,  392,  425, 426, 505, 506, 

507. 
Occurrence  on  fissures  and  faults,  480. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Use: 

Medicinal  and  bathing  purposes,  426. 
Resorts,  406. 
General,  392. 
Yield,  392,  406. 
Underground-stream  channels,  377. 
Underground  waters: 
Circulation,  505. 

Descriptions,  374,  441,  480,  481,. 505, .506, .507. 
Movements,  505. 
Occurrence  in  lava,  480,  481. 
Petrifaction  by,  480. 
Principles  of  occurrence,  480,  481. 
Work  of  solution,  377. 
Water  horizons,  480,  481. 
Wells: 

Construction,  .505. 
Descriptions,  369,  354,  506. 
Discharge,  369. 
Location  of,  480. 
Records,  480. 
Temperature,  96,  480,  505. 
Use  for  irrigation,  505. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  25,  43,  578, 
580. 
"Water,  artesian  and  underground.    See  Under- 
ground waters. 
"Water  supplies,  public.    See  Public  supplies. 
"Water  table,  general  discussion  of,  500. 
"Waverly  formation,  waters  of,  380. 
"Weathering  by  underground  waters,  .522,  565. 
"Wells  and  borings. 
Constructiou: 

Arrangement,  45,  480. 
Drilling  and  casing: 
California,  259. 
Colorado,  245. 
Dakotas.  84. 
High  Plains,  268. 
Louisiana,  210. 
Michigan,  141. 
South  Dakota,  540. 
Washington,  .505. 
General,  45,  3,54,  485,  488. 
Testing,  45,  277,  480,  484,  485,  486,  488,  500. 
Contamination  of,  494,  500. 
Cost  of.    See  Cost  of  wells. 
Deposits  in,  incrustation,  55. 
Descriptions.    See  under  States. 
Interference  of,  407,  499,  500,  540. 
Mineral.    See  Mineral  water. 
Pumping.    See  Pumping. 
Records.    See  Records. 
Relation  to  faults.    See  Faults. 


128 


INDEX    TO    PAPERS    ON    UNDERGROUND    WATERS. 


[NO.  120. 


"Wells  aud  borings— Continued. 

Statistics.    See    Records,  and    Wells    under 

States. 
Yield.    See  Discharge. 
■Western  Gulf  coast: 

Association  of  underground  waters  with  oil, 

etc.,  3. 
Salt  springs,  3. 
Sulphur  waters,  3. 
Well  records,  3. 
■Western  interior,  well  records,  2. 
"West  ■Virginia. 

Brines,  108,  449,  616.- 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Sinks  and  caverns,  89,  92. 
Springs: 

Analyse.^,  392. 
Descriptions,  392. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Uses,  392, 406. 
Yield,  392,406. 
Thermal  springs,  92. 
Underground  waters,  solution  by,  88, 92. 
Wells: 

Records,  38, 39,  40, 468. 
Temperature,  63, 171, 172, 439, 440, 574. 
Work  of  U.   S.   Geological    Survey  on  well 
temperatures,  574. 
Wisconsin. 

Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

water.s. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters  in, 

formation  of,  563. 
Springs; 

Analyses,  392. 
Descriptions,  392. 
Quality,  392. 
Temperature,  392. 
Uses,  392,  406. 
Yield,  392, 406. 
Wells  of  the  driftless  area,  46. 
Wells,  temperature,  96. 

Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  167,  471,  .580. 
■Wissahickon  gneiss,  waters  of,  16. 
■Woodbine  formation,  waters  of,  242. 
"Work  on  underground  waters.    See  Hydrologic 

Avork. 
Wyoming.     See  also  Yellowstone  National  Park. 
Brines,  4,  102. 
Mine  waters,  517. 
Mineral  waters,  production  of.    See  Mineral 

waters. 
Ore  deposits,  part  of  underground  waters,  in 

formation  of,  .517. 
Principal  Survey  publications. 

Analyses  of  waters  of  Yellowstone  Na- 
tional Park,  178. 
Newcastle  folio,  102. 
Water  resources  of  the  Black  Hills  and 

Wyoming,  93. 
Water  resources  of  the  Patrick  and  (ioshcn 

Hole  quadrangles,  4. 
Yellowstone  National  Park  folio,  199. 
Seepage,  4. 


■Wyoming— Continued. 
Springs: 

Analyses,  392. 
Deposits,  136,  201. 
Descriptions,  4,  57,  58,  93,  392. 
Lists,  191. 
Quality,  392. 
Solution  by,  151. 
Sulphur,  136,  151. 
Temperature,  392. 
U.se,  392. 
Yield,  392. 
Thermal  springs: 

Depo.sits,  exhibit  of,  at  Chicago  World's 

Fair,  198. 
Descriptions,  136,  151,  201. 
Relation  to  anticline,  136. 
Sulphur.  201. 

Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey  on,  192, 
193,  194,  195,  196. 
Underground  waters: 
Action  on  rock.  201. 
Circulation,  517. 
Occurrence  in  Black  Hills,  93. 
Prospects,  512. 
Work  of  solution,  151. 
Water  horizons,  4,  93,  102. 
Wells: 

Analyses,  102. 
Records,  93,  102. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  104,  192, 193, 
194,  195,  577,  578,  580. 
■Yellowstone  National  Park. 
Geysers: 
Action- 
Antiquity  of,  199. 
Changes  in.  434. 
Work  on,  190,  191. 
Analyses,  54. 
Deposits- 
Antiquity  of,  199. 
Descriptions,  192,  193,  194,  199. 
Exhibit  at  Chicago  World's  Fair,  198. 
Descriptions,  192, 193,  194,  195. 
Work  on,  57,  190,  192,  193,  194,  195.  196. 
Principal  Survey  publications: 

Analy.ses  of  waters  of  Yellow.stone  Na- 
tional Park,  178. 
Yellowstone  National  Park  folio,  199. 
Springs,  common  and  thermal: 
Action,  195. 

Action  on  rocks,  199,  687. 
Algous  growth  in,  193,  587. 
Analyses,  54,  58,  178,  191,  393. 
Analyses,  list  of,  191. 

Composition,  57,  178,  192,  194,  392,  434,  .5X3. 
Deposits- 
Analyses,  65. 
Antiquity  of,  199. 

Descriptions,  192, 193, 194, 198,  .584,  .")h7. 
Temperature,  178,  190,  390. 
Therapeutic  value,  58. 
Use,  392. 

Work  on,  57,  189,  196,  4:52,  4;«,  434. 
Yield,  392. 
Work  of  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  .57,  189,  190, 
432,  433,  434. 


I  Yield  of  springs  and  wells.    See  Discharge 


o 


PUBLICATIONS  OF  UNITED  STATES  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY. 

[Water-supply  Paper  Xu.  120.] 

The  serial  publications  of  the  United  States  Geological  Survey  consist  of  ( 1 )  Annual 
Reports,  (2)  monographs,  (3)  Professional  Papers,  (4)  Bulletins,  (5)  Mineral 
Resources,  (6)  Water-Supply  and  Irrigation  Papers,  (7)  Topographic  Atlas  of 
United  States — folios  and  separate  sheets  thereof,  (8)  Geologic  Atlas  of  the  United 
States— folios  thereof.  The  i-lasses  numbered  2,  7,  and  8  are  sold  at  cost  of  publica- 
tion; the  others  are  distributed  free.  A  circular  giving  complete  lists  may  be  had 
on  application. 

The  Professional  Papers,  Bulletins,  and  Water-Supply  Papers  treat  of  a  variety  of 
f^ubjects,  and  the  total  number  issued  is  large.  They  have  therefore  been  classified 
into  the  following  series:  A,  Economic  geology;  B,  Descriptive  geology;  C,  System- 
atic geology  and  paleontology;  D,  Petrography  and  mineralogy;  E,  Chemistry  and 
physics;  F,  Geography;  G,  Miscellaneous;  H,  Forestry;  I,  Irrigation;  J,  Water  stor- 
age; K,  Pumping  water;  L,  Quality  of  water;  M,  General  hydrographic  investiga- 
tions; N,  Water  power;  0,  Underground  water;  P,  Hydrographic  progress  reports. 
This  paper  is  the  thirty-fourth  in  Series  O,  the  complete  list  of  which  follows. 
(PP= Professional  Paj^er;  B=BuIletin;  WS=W^ater-Supply  Paper.) 

Series  O— Underground  Waters. 

WS     4.  A  reconnaissance  in  southeastern  Washington,  by  I.  C.  Russell.    1897.    96  pp.,  7  pis. 

WS     6.  Underground  waters  of  southwestern  Kansas,  by  E.  Ha  worth.    1897.    65  pp.,  12  pis. 

WS     7.  Seepage  waters  of  northern  Utah,  by  Samuel  Fortier.    1897.    50  pp.,  3  pis. 

WS    12.  Underground  waters  of  southeastern  Nebraska,  by  N.  H.  Darton.    ]8.)M.    .56  pp.,  21  pis. 

WS    21.  Wells  of  northern  Indiana,  by  Frank  Leverett.    1899.    82  pp.,  2  pis. 

WS    26.  Wells  of  southern  Indiana  (continuation  of  No.  21),  by  Frank  Leverett.    1899.    6t  pp. 

WS    30.  Water  resources  of  the  Lower  Peninsula  of  Michigan,  by  A.  C.  Lane.    1899.    97  pp.,  7  pis. 

WS    31.  Lower  Michigan  mineral  waters,  by  A.  C.  Lane.    1899.    97  pp.,  4  pis. 

WS    34.  Geology  and  water  resources  of  a  portion  of  southeastern  South  Dakota,  by  J.  E.  Todd.    1900. 

34  pp.,  19  pis. 
WS    53.  Geology  and  water  resources  of  Nez  Perces  County,  Idaho,  Pt.  I,  Iiy  I.  ('.  Russell.    1901.    86 

pp.,  10  pis. 
WS    54.  Geology  and  water  resources  of  Nez  Perces  County,  Idaho,  Pt.  If,  by  I.  C.  Russell.    1901. 

87-141  pp. 
WS    55.  Geology  and  water  resources  of  a  portion  of  Yakima  (lounty,  Wasli.,  by  G.  O.  Smith.    1901. 

68  pp.,  7  pis. 
WS    57.  Preliminary  list  of  deep  borings  in  the  United  States,  Pt.  I,  by  N.  H.  Darton.    1902.    (;0  pp. 
WS    59.  Development  and  application  of  water  in  southern  California,  Pt.  I,  by  J.  B.  Lippincott.    1902. 

95  pp.,  11  pis. 
WS    60.  Development  and  application  of  water  in  southern  California,  Pt.  II,  by  .T.  B.  Lippincott. 

1902.    96-140  pp. 
WS    61.  Preliminary  list  of  deep  borings  in  the  United  States,  Pt.  II.  by  N.  H.  Darton.    1902.    67  pp. 
WS    67.  The  motions  of  underground  waters,  by  C.  S.  Slichter.    1902.    106  pp.,  8  pis. 
B     199.  Geology  and  water  resources  of  the  Snake  River  Plains  of  Idaho,  by  I.  C.  Russell.    1902.    192 

pp.,  25  pis. 
WS    77.  Water  resources  of  Molokai,  Hawaiian  Islands,  by  W.  Lindgren.    1903.    62  pp.,  4  pis. 
WS    78.  Preliminary  report  on  artesian  basin  in  southwestern  Idaho  and  southeastern  Oregon ,  by  I.  C. 

Russell.    1903.    53  pp.,  2  pis. 
PP    17.  Preliminary  report  on  the  geology  and  water  resources  of  Nebraska  west  of  the  one  hundred 

and  third  meridian,  by  N.  H.  Darton.    1903.    69  pp.,  43  pis. 
WS    90.  Geology  and  water  resources  of  part  of  the  lower  James  River  Valley,  South  Dakota,  by  J.  E. 

Todd  and  C.  M.  Hall.    1904.    47  pp.,  23  pis. 

IRR  120—05 9  I 


II  ADVERTISEMENT. 

WS  101.  Underground  waters  of  southern  Louisiana,  byG.  D.  Harris,  with  discussions  of  their  uses  for 

water  supplies  and  for  rice  irrigation,  by  M.  L.  Fuller.    1904.    98  pp.,  11  pis. 
VVS  102.  Contributions  to  the  hydrology  of  eastern  United  States,  1903,  by  M.  L.  Fuller.    1904.    522  pp. 
\VS  104.  Underground  waters  of  the  Gila  Valley,  Arizona,  by  W.  T.  Lee.    1904.    68  pp.,  5  pis. 
WS  106.  Water  resources  of  the  Philadelphia  district,  by  Florence  Bascom.    1904.    75  pp.    4  pis. 
\VS  110.  Contributions  to  the  hydrology  of  eastern  United  States,  1904;  M.  L.  Fuller,  geologist  in 

charge.    1905.    211  pp.,  5  pis. 
PP    32.  Geology  and  underground  water  resotirces  of  the  central  Great  Plains,  by  y.  H.  Darton.    1905. 

433  pp.,  72  pis. 
\VS  111.  Preliminary  report  on  underground  waters  of  Washington,  bv  Henrv  Landes.    1905     .s5  pp 

1  pi. 
WS  112.  Underflow  tests  in  the  drainage  basin  of  Los  Angeles  River,   by  Homer  Hamlin.    190.5. 

.55  pp..  7  pis. 
W.S  114.  Underground  waters  of  eastern  Utiited  States,  by  M.  L.  Fuller  and  others.    1905.    2S5  pp., 

18  pis. 
WS  lis.  Geology  and  water  resources  of  east-central  Washington,  bv  F.  ('.  Calkins.    1905.    9t;  pp., 

4  pis. 
B     2.52.  Preliminary  report  on  the  geology  and  water  resources  of  central  Oregon,  by  I.  C.  Russell. 

1905.     138  pp.,  24  pis. 
W.-^  120.  Bibliographic  review  and  index  of  papers  relating  to  underground  waters  published  by  the 

United  States  Geological  Survey,  1879-1904,  by  M.  L.  Fuller.  1905.  128  pp. 
The  following  papers  also  relate  to  this  subject:  Underground  waters  of  Arkansas  Valley  in  eastern 
Colorado,  by  G.  K.  Gilbert,  in  Seventeenth  Annual,  Pt.  II;  Preliminary  report  on  artesian  waters  of  a 
portion  of  the  Dakctas,  by  X.  H.  Darton,  in  Seventeenth  Annual,  Pt.  II;  Water  resources  of  Illinois, 
by  Frank  Leverett,  in  Seventeenth  Annual,  Pt.  II;  Water  resources  of  Indiana  and  Ohio,  by  Frank 
Leverett,  in  Eighteenth  Annual,  Pt.  IV;  New  developments  in  well  boring  and  irrigation  in  eastern 
South  Dakota,  by  N.  H.  Darton,  in  Eighteentii  Annual,  Pt.  IV;  Rock  waters  of  Ohio,  by  Edward 
Orton,  in  Nineteenth  Annual,  Pt.  IV;  Artesian  well  prospects  in  the  Atlantic  Coastal  Plain  region,  by 
N.  H.  Darton,  Bulletin  No.  138. 

Corres^pondence  should  be  addrensed  to 

The  Director, 

United  [State.s  Geological  Survey, 

Washington,  D.  C. 
April,  1905. 


LIBRARY  CATALOGUE   SLIPS. 

[Mount  each  slip  upon  a  separate  card,  placing  the  subject  at  the  top  of  the 
second  slip.  The  name  of  the  series  should  not  be  repeated  on  the  series 
card,  but  the  additional  numbers  should  be  added,  as  received,  to  the  first 
entry.] 

Fuller,  Myron  L[eslie]  1873- 

.  .  .  Bibliographic  review  and  index  of  papers  relat- 
ing to  underground  waters  published  by  the  United  States 
Geological  survey,  1879-1904,  by  IMj-ron  L.  Fuller. 
Washington,  Gov't  print,  off.,  1905. 

128,  iii  p.  2.3"^".  (U.  S.  Geological  survey.  Water-supply  and  irrigation 
paper  no.  120) 

Subject  series:  0,  Underground  waters,  34. 

1.  Water,  Underground— Bibl.     2.  Water,  Underground — U.  S. 

Fuller,  Myron  L[eslie]  1873- 

.  .  .  Bibliographic  review  and  index  of  papers  relat- 
ing to  underground  waters  published  b}' the  United  States 
Geological  survey,  1 879-1 904,  by  IMyron  L.  Fuller. 
Washington,  Gov't  print,  off.,  1905. 

128,  iii  p.  23™.  ( U.  S.  Geological  survey.  Water-supply  and  irrigation 
paper  no.  120) 

Subject  series:  0,  Underground  waters,  34. 

1.  Water,  Underground — Bibl.     2.  Water,  Underground — U.  S. 

U.  S.     Geological  survey. 

Water-supply  and  irrigation  papers. 

no.  I20.  Fuller,  ]\I.  L.  Bibliographic  review  and  index 
of  papers  relating  to  underground  waters  pub- 
lished by  the  U.  S.  Geological  survey.     1905. 

U.  S.     Dept.  of  the  Interior. 
see  also 
U.  S.     Geological  survey. 


X 


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